KVS PGT Chemistry Mock Test - 6 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

The word 'between' is used when two things or persons are being compared or depicted.
Example-I had to select between the two destinations for the vacation.
Thus, the statement should read as 'Kajal was sitting between Prachi and Isha at the party that night.'

'A drop in the bucket' means that 'a very small amount compared with what is needed or expected'.

'Paint a thousand words' means that some form of art or work can at times speak a lot more than words.
Option 1 is hence correct as no other option expresses the same point.
Example- The sketchings of the young boy was so captivating that it painted a thousand words in the minds of the viewer.

उपर्युक्त में से सघोष वर्ण है - 'ङ, घ, य'

• ट वर्ग - ड (मूर्धा)
• क वर्ग - घ (कण्ठ)
• य वर्ग - य (तालु)
  • वे व्यंजन जिनके उच्चारण में स्वर तंत्रियों के निकट आ जाने से उनके बीच से निकलने वाली वायु के कारण उनमें कम्पन्न या नाद उत्पन्न होता है, उन्हें घोष या सघोष व्यंजन कहते हैं।

  • प्रत्येक वर्ग (क, च, ट, त, प वर्ग) का तृतीय, चतुर्थ एवं पंचम वर्ण (ग, घ, ङ, ज, झ, ञ, ड, ढ, ण, द, ध, न, ब, भ, म) तथा य, र, ल, व, ह, ड, ढ़ वर्ण सघोष वर्ण हैं।

  • सभी स्‍वर वर्ण, अन्‍त:स्‍थ व्‍यंजन(य,र,ल,व) और 'ह' सघोष या घोष व्‍यंजन हैं।

Key Points

Additional Informationअघोष व्यंजन:-

• वे व्यंजन जिनके उच्चारण में न तो स्वर-तंत्रियाँ निकट आती हैं और न ही उनमें किसी प्रकार का कम्पन्न उत्पन्न होता है, अघोष व्यंजन कहलाते हैं।
• प्रत्येक वर्ग का (क, च, ट, त, प वर्ग) प्रथम एवं द्वितीय वर्ण (क, ख, च, छ, ट, ठ, त, थ, प, फ) तथा श, ष, स, क, फ़ अघोष व्यंजन हैं।

'ज्ञ' वर्ण के योग से बनता है - 'ज् + ञ'

• ज् + ञ = ज्ञ
  • यह एक संयुक्त व्यंजन है।
• संयुक्त व्यंजन में जो पहला व्यंजन होता है वो हमेशा स्वर रहित होता है और इसके विपरीत दूसरा व्यंजन हमेशा स्वर सहित होता है।
• जैसे -
  • ज् - स्वर रहित
  • ञ - स्वर सहित (ञ् + अ = ञ)

Key Points

• संयुक्त व्यंजन की हिंदी वर्णमाला में कुल संख्या 4 है-
  • क्ष - क् + ष = क्ष
  • त्र - त् + र = त्र
  • ज्ञ - ज् + ञ = ज्ञ
  • श्र - श् + र = श्र

Additional Informationसंयुक्त व्यंजन:-

• जो व्यंजन 2 या 2 से अधिक व्यंजनों के मिलने से बनते हैं उन्हें संयुक्त व्यंजन कहा जाता है।
• संयुक्त व्यंजन एक तरह से व्यंजन का ही एक प्रकार है।

सही उत्तर 'त' है।

• 'त' व्यंजन अल्पप्राण व्यंजन है।
• जिन वर्णों के उच्चारण में मुख से कम श्वास निकले उन्हें 'अल्पप्राण' कहते हैं।
• सभी स्वर वर्ण अल्पप्राण हैं।
• प्रत्येक वर्ग का पहला, तीसरा और पाँचवाँ वर्ण अल्प- प्राण होता है ।
• जैसे-क वर्ग – क ग ङ , च वर्ग – च ज ञ, ट वर्ग – ट ड ण, त वर्ग – त द न, प वर्ग - प ब म
• उष्म व्यंजन अल्पप्राण नहीं होते हैं।

Key Points

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:

• महाप्राण व्यंजन उन्हें कहते हैं जिनके उच्चारण में मुख से अधिक हवा निकलती है।
• हिंदी भाषा में क वर्ग आदि पाँचों वर्गो के दूसरे और चौथे वर्ण महाप्राण हैं तथा ऊष्म वर्ण भी महाप्राण हैं। अर्थात् ख्‌, घ्‌, छ्‌, झ्‌, ठ्‌, ढ़्, थ्‌, ध्‌, फ्‌, भ्‌, श्‌, ष्‌, स्‌, ह्‌ महाप्राण ध्वनियाँ हैं।​

The correct answer is South-West Monsoon.

• Air moves from the high-pressure area over the southern Indian Ocean, in a south-easterly direction, crosses the equator and turns right towards the low-pressure areas over the Indian subcontinent. 
• These are known as the Southwest Monsoon winds responsible for widespread rainfall in mainland India.
• Due to the shift of ITCZ, the trade winds of the southern hemisphere cross the equator between 40° and 60°E longitudes and start blowing from southwest to northeast due to the Coriolis force. It becomes southwest monsoon.
• In winter, the ITCZ moves southward, and so the reversal of winds from northeast to south and southwest takes place. They are called northeast monsoons.
• The western cyclonic disturbances are weather phenomena of the winter months brought in by the westerly flow from the Mediterranean region.
• They usually influence the weather of the north and north-western regions of India. 
• The season of retreating monsoon (October and November) is a period of transition between the warm rainy monsoon and the dry cool winter.

1) 8, 4, 3, 7, 1, 5, 2, 6

2) 5, 2, 7, 3, 4, 1, 8, 6

3) 3, 1, 6, 8, 4, 5, 2, 7

4) 1, 4, 8, 3, 2, 5, 7, 6

'POLITICS' is a meaningful English word.

Hence, '1, 4, 8, 3, 2, 5, 7, 6' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

The figure in image 2 is water image of the figure in image 1. The figure in image C of answer figure will be the water image of the figure in image 3.

Hence, image C of answer figure is the correct answer.

The term social behavior refers to conduct that takes place between two or more creatures, usually of the same species. 

Key PointsThe teacher has a lot of power to encourage and advance a student's social development:-

• to provide kids the chance to enhance their leadership skills.
• help the student by letting him know the qualities that his classmates find admirable and commonly accepted.
• to encourage learning among community members and students.
• Instead of attempting to address the full list of social skills at once, it is crucial to concentrate on a select few, such as sharing and taking turns.

Hence, it is concluded that teachers are responsible for social behavior in their classrooms.

The curriculum is the pre-determined standards or instructions regarding what should be taught in educational settings, such as primary class, secondary class, college, etc. 

• Curriculum can be formal, hidden, or informal

Key Points

• Explicit and overt curricula are formal curriculums
• A formal curriculum includes formal written instructions for schools or colleges.
• Learning experiences provided by schools in formal educational settings are determined by formal curriculums
• Curriculum texts, documents, videos, films, etc. are examples of the formal curriculum
• Formal curricula are planned, organized, and implemented in regular schools. 
• A formal curriculum involves overt instructions explicitly written for teaching children. 

Thus, it can be concluded that explicit and overt are known as the formal curriculum. 

Classroom management does not mean a strict order but shaping of a positive environment in the classroom. The teacher's behavior is the main contributing factor. A skillful and efficient teacher manages the class in such a manner that he never faces discipline problems.

Key Points

• A good teacher should :
  • give ample opportunities to children for self-reflection.
  • be flexible in classrooms do not have rigid behavior for students.
  •  create an emotionally pleasant and stimulating environment
  • set meaningful goals.
  •  make the subject matter meaningful.
  • make unity among the student in diversity.
  • try to avoid punishments for the students.
  • give all the students the same and equal opportunities.

So for all the above reasons, option (4) is the correct answer.

Additional Information 

•  Rigid or fearful behavior of the teacher demotivates the students, also increasing the fear of learning in the soul of students. 
  • So that the behavior of teachers should be flexible and learning in the classroom should be child-centered instead of teacher-centered.
• ​The rigid rules should not be made by the teachers for the students to follow, without question, this type of behavior impacts students learning as well as increases the chance to make them rigid.

A punishment can never help in making an emotional connect with the children. So, this option is NOT TRUE for corporal punishment.

The term ‘development’ refers to qualitative changes in an individual such as a change in personality or other mental and emotional aspects. The process of development continues even after the individual has attained physical maturity (growth).

• Development takes place in all aspects such as physical, cognitive, language, social, emotional, and others. Development is governed by certain principles which are applicable to all individuals.

Key Points

Development occurs at different rates for different parts of the body or unequal development rate:-

• The development of different physical and mental traits is continuous but all parts of the body do not grow at the same rate.
• In some areas of the body, growth may be rapid while in others, growth will be slow.
• Development does not take place at the same rate during ten to fifteen years of age as it takes place during five to ten years of age.
• For example, the brain attains its full maturity around the age of 6 to 8 years, feet, hands, and nose reach their maximum size in early adolescence, whereas the heart, liver, and digestive system grow during adolescence also.

Thus, it is concluded that development does not take place at the same rate during ten to fifteen years of age as it takes place during five to ten years of age, is a true statement according to the principle of unequal development rate.

Hint

• The development follows a fixed pattern/sequence: Each child may have a different rate of development. However, the development of all human beings follows a similar pattern, similar sequence, or direction. Sequential patterns of development can be seen in two directions. The child gets control overhead first, then on hands and legs and First, the torso develops, then hands, head and legs develop.
• There are individual differences in development: Interaction between heredity and environmental influences leads to individual differences in the developmental pattern. Development of different persons takes place in different ways.

Key Points

Early Childhood Care & Education with  new Curricular and Pedagogical Structure: 

• With an emphasis on Early Childhood Care and Education, the 10+2 structure of school curricula is to be replaced by a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively.  
• This will bring the hitherto uncovered age group of 3-6 years under the school curriculum, which has been recognized globally as the crucial stage for the development of the mental faculties of a child.
• The new system will have 12 years of schooling with three years of Anganwadi/ pre-schooling.
• NCERT will develop a National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCPFECCE) for children up to the age of 8 .
• ECCE will be delivered through a significantly expanded and strengthened system of institutions including Anganwadis and pre-schools that will have teachers and Anganwadi workers trained in the ECCE pedagogy and curriculum.
• The planning and implementation of ECCE will be carried out jointly by the Ministries of HRD, Women and Child Development (WCD), Health and Family Welfare (HFW), and Tribal Affairs.

Hence, a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure will be the correct answer.

Education is the creation of a sound mind in a sound body. It develops man's faculty especially his mind so that he may be able to enjoy the contemplation of the supreme truth, goodness, and beauty.

Key Points

• According to Gandhi, "true education ought to be for them (boys and girls) a kind of insurance against unemployment". It is the economics of self-sufficiency that makes a man a useful citizen.
• The purpose of true education is not to generate literate citizens, it aims to use the knowledge as a tool to create an environment that is beneficial for the overall development of a child.
• A development that focuses on physical, mental, emotional, and social aspects so that the learners become important and contributing assets to society.
• In order to do that, learners are rigorously made to put effort so that they can develop coordination and harmony among various faculties of mind and body.
• True education equips individuals to live creatively, responsibly, and peaceably in society, and become agents of change for a better society.
• It is acquired, by way of 'doing things' rather than by 'learning ' things' which then cannot be imparted fully in schools that are identified as places of learning.
• True education can develop in students the ability to distinguish between right and wrong, good and bad, and what is desirable and undesirable.

Thus, it is concluded that true education works towards developing coordination and harmony among various faculties of mind and body.

Kothari Commission (1964-66) was set up under the Chairmanship of Dr. D. S. Kothari to formulate a coherent education policy for India. The Commission was most comprehensive in nature, it reviewed almost all aspects of the education system without limiting itself to any one particular aspect.Key PointsKothari Commission recommended Three-Language Formula in education:

• The First Language: It has to be studied must be the mother tongue or the regional language.
• The Second Language: In Hindi-speaking States, the second language will be English or some other modern Indian language. In non-Hindi-speaking States, the second language will be Hindi or English.
• The Third Language: The third language is taught at a later stage in school, and that too for a shorter time, as it is needed only in limited context i.e. in a social situation where neither first nor second language could help the child to communicate.

Hence, it could be concluded that Kothari Commission suggested three language formula in Education.

Bhore Committee (Health Survey and Development Committee): The Govt. of India, in 1943 appointed the Bhore Committee with the Chairmanship of Sr. Joseph Bhore, to survey the existing health conditions and recommendations for future development in the country. The committee members met regularly for two years and submitted their reports in 1946.

Key Points

Some of the important recommendations of the Bhore Committee were:

• Integration of preventive and curative services at all administrative levels.
• The committee visualized the development of primary health centers in two stages:
  • As a shorter-term measure, it was proposed that each primary health center in the rural areas should cater to a population of 40, 000 with a secondary health center to serve as a supervisory, coordinating, and referral institution.
  • A long-term program of setting up primary health units with 75 bedded hospitals for each 10,000 to 20,000 population and secondary units with 650 bedded, hospitals, again regionalized around district hospitals with 2500 beds.
• Major changes in medical education include 3 months of training in preventive and social medicine to prepare "social physicians".
• The Committee's report even today continues to be a major national document and has provided guidelines for National Health Planning.  

Hence, we conclude that the Bhore committee 1943 was set up to assess the health condition of India.

Additional Information

• Mudaliar committee was appointed to survey the progress made in the field of health since the submission of the Bhore Committee's report and to make recommendations for future development and expansion of health services. 
• Yashpal committee: The Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) established the Yashpal Committee, a higher education committee, in 2009. The chairman of the committee was Dr. Yash Pal, and it was created for assessing improvements to be brought about in higher education in India.
• Kothari Commission: The Government of India established the Kothari Commission as an ad hoc commission to investigate all facets of the Indian educational system, create a general framework for education, and make recommendations for regulations and programs to further education in India.

The correct answer is Option D.
 
In presence of catalyst, 
E_(forward) = 80kJ/mol  and, 
E_(reverse) = 100kJ/mol.
 
Therefore, H_(reaction) =E_(reverse)−E_(forward)
=100−80
=20kJ/mol. 

Rate of reaction can be measured in terms of Rate of disappearance of reactant or rate of apperance of product.

environmental chemistry basically deals with the interrelationship between chemical species generated by human activities or naturally.

Rate constant is also known as velocity constant.

The electronic configuration of the Hydrogen atom is 1s1.

It has one electron in the outermost shell. It exists as a diatomic molecule (H2​) by sharing its' electron with other hydrogen atom.

It cannot form ionic compounds because it cannot donate its' electron and can only form covalent compounds by sharing the electron. It cannot lose an electron to form a cation because the hydrogen atom cannot exist after losing an electron.

∆H_r is called both enthalpy of combustion of hydrogen as well as enthalpy of formation of water.For the enthalpy of combustion of hydrogen, the reason is that 1 mole of Hydrogen is burnt in its pure state. For the formation of water, the reason is that 1 mole of water is formed from its constituent elements.

The elements of "s" and "p" blocks except "d" group elements are called as representative elements. Their outer shells are not completely filled with electrons. The elements get the nearest inert gas configuration by losing or gaining or sharing of electrons. 

The correct answer is Option B.
 
∆T_b =(K_b × 1000 × W₂) / M₂ × W₁
⇒ M₂ = (K_b × 1000 × W₂) / ∆T_b × W₁
= (1.71 × 1000 × 2) / 1 × 100
= 34.2g

Electron donating —CH₃ gro up stabilises benzylic carbocation, hence increases reactivity of corresponding substrate. Electron withdrawing —NO₂ decreases stability of carbocation, decreases reactivity of corresponding substrate in S_N1 reaction

^–OCN is ambident ligand & it shows linkage isomerism.

In CH₃ - CH₂ - Cl, the carbon marked with asterisk has the greatest positive charge due to high electronegativity of Cl.