KVS PGT Mathematics Mock Test - 3 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

The sentence indicates that the tribes believe in the 'vagueness' i.e the uncertainty of the after-life. Out of the given options, only 'obscurity' means unclear, uncertain or mysterious. The other options, 'totality', 'tenacity', 'severity' and 'lucidity' mean 'wholeness', 'persistence', 'seriousness' and 'clarity'. Hence, the correct answer is 2.

In the sentence, we are being told that Sir Surendranath is the greatest Indian orator. The given sentence expresses this in comparative degree. Therefore, the correct answer is 'greater'. 

सही उत्तर 'तत् + जन्य = तद्जन्य' है।

• 'तत् + जन्य = तद्जन्य' शब्द का संधि-विच्छेद सही नहीं है।
• तत् + जन्य = तज्जन्य।
• 'तज्जन्य' शब्द में व्यंजन संधि है।

Key Points

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण

Additional Information

The correct answer is Gamma Rays.

Key Points

• Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and highest frequency (energy) in the electromagnetic spectrum.
• They are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths in the range of 10^-12m and frequencies around 10²⁰- 10²⁴ Hz.
• They have a high penetrating power.
• They are a result of decaying radioactive material and can also be found in outer space.
• They are used in medical applications for sterilisation of equipment and cancer treatment.

Additional Information

•  Other radiations in the Electromagnetic spectrum are:

The development of child takes place through various place. Although each stage has an encompassing relationship to other stages, yet its has own unique characteristic needs and demands.

Key Points

Prenatal Period:

• The period from the day of conception to the birth of the baby.
• Life begins with the formation of zygote.
• The fertilized egg begins to divide within an hour or two after conception, into two cells.
• Ten hours later these two cells divide to make four cells, then four to make eight cells, then sixteen cells and so on.
• The cells continue to divide till eight weeks after conception ad this period is called Embryonic period.
• This is followed by fetal period of development which is from about 8 weeks when the embryo becomes a recognizable human beings, to the time of birth.
• The proper development of fetus depends upon many factors, such as health of mother, use of drugs and alcohol, smoking, nutritional status of mother, stress and emotional factors.

Hence, we can conclude that the period from the day of conception to the birth of the baby.

Additional Information

• Stages of Child Development:
  • Prenatal Period
    • Embryonic period: Conception to eight weeks
    • Period of fetus: 8 weeks to birth
  • Infancy period
    • Neonatal period: Birth to 15 days
    • Infancy period: 15 days to 2 years
  • Early Childhood (Preschool years): 2 to 5-6 years 
  • Middle Childhood (School age): 5-6 to 12 years
  • Adolescence
    • Puberty: 12 to 14 years
    • Adolescence: 14 to 18 years
  • Adulthood:
    • Early adulthood: 18 to 35/40 years
    • Middle adulthood: 40 to 60 years
    • Late adulthood: Early 60 and above

Play way method is first originated by 'H.Caldwell Cook' and later popularized by 'Friedrich Froebel' in the world. It ensures the understanding of the subject to make learning more effective.

Key Points

• It is based on psychological principles of development and growth because the growth (physical changes) and development (overall changes, structure, and shape) of an individual can take place while learning through play.
• The play-way method is a complete package that enables the overall development of the child by developing in terms of feelings, intellect, and skills parameters.
• It not only focuses on subjective development but the emotional development of the child as well.
• In this method, playing acts as the driving force as the entire learning method revolves around activity-based learning. It encourages expression and creative skills among children.

Important Points

Play way method is a method of teaching for lower classes that emphasizes upon:

• enabling the overall development of the child.
• providing children with rich, meaningful and balanced learning.

• removing the monotonous classroom environment by incorporating appropriate games.

• promoting the psychological principle of development and growth to keep the child fit and fight diseases.

Hence, it could be concluded that in lower classes, the play-way method of teaching is based on 'Psychological principles of development and growth'.

​​Socialization refers to the process by which a child learns to interact with others around them. they get skills to communicate with others and process their action as they mature and see their own identity within their group.

Key Points

• Primary agents of socialization- The most important socialization forces in a person's life are the primary agents of socialization. They have the largest impact during childhood when children are still learning how to interact with the environment. it is influenced most by the immediate family and friends.
  • The family- For most people, especially those in their first 5 years of life, it is the primary agent of socialization. It is the child's first social encounter with the outside world. Learning takes place informally and good and bad behavior is approved or rejected based on reward and punishment.
  • Peer group- peer group members are typically children of the same age and similar status. However, as a child grows older, it begins to form its own peer group based on the same interests, similar income levels, and social status. This peer group has an impact on the individual in areas such as appearance, lifestyle, social activities, etc.

Hence, we conclude that the immediate family is the primary agent of socialization for children.

HintBooks and magazines, parents' workplaces, and staff at hospitals are not primary agents of socialization as they do not provide children with their first social contact with the world. They can be considered secondary agents of socialization.

Additional InformationSecondary socialization- It happens once the infant enters the childhood stage and continues until adulthood. It takes place outside the home. For example schools, parents' workplaces, colleges, etc.

Development, which is continuous change, is a phenomenon that is observed both in terms of quality and quantity.

Key Points

The following are the characteristics of development:

• In quantity, we measure terms like height, weight. Measuring quantitively is called growth which is a subset of development.
• When measured qualitatively as well, that is, in terms of skills, it becomes development and quality is attained when a person is both motivated and experienced.

Important Points

Although growth and development go hand in hand, certain important differences make them apart.

Hint

• Equilibrium refers to the condition in which the knowledge stored in a schema is balanced with old knowledge.
• Maturation refers to the concept that a child learns something when he reaches a particular age.

Hence, we conclude that when an individual’s capacities processed quantitatively is called growth.

The persons, whose physical, sensory, or mental activities are restricted permanently due to some injury, ailment, (mental/physical), or some kind of deformities developed before birth, are called disabled persons. 

Key Points

• Children with disabilities are at risk for education due to their problems in learning academic skills. Depending on the kind of disability children will face problems in school.
• Extermination refers to the removal of the disabled from the mainstream of the general population through killing, mutilating, burning, exiling, abandoning, or making them vanish from the scene somehow or the other.

Hence, we conclude that the correct answer is extermination.

Additional Information

• Social inclusion refers to a process by which efforts are made to ensure equal opportunities for all, regardless of their background, be it money, class, ethnicity, gender, race, etc.
• Euthanasia is the deliberate killing of an individual in order to end suffering.
• Feticide refers to the act of killing the fetus.

Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, has made a systematic study of cognitive development in his theory that is categorized in four stages. 

• He observed his children and their process of making sense of the world around them and developed a model of how the mind processes new information encountered.

Key Points

Concrete Operational Stage: 

• The 'Concrete Operational Stage' lasts around 7 to 11/12 years of age which refers to the late childhood stage of child development.

• In this stage, children become more logical in concrete things but lack abstract ideas.
• Children can classify objects into groups and subgroups and gain the ability of conservation of numbers, area, and volume.
• Children show attainment of the concept of reversibility, seriation, and transitivity as a cognitive capacity.
• Reversibility is the understanding that a child develops to know that things that have been changed can be returned to their original state.

Hence, it could be concluded that according to Piaget at the concrete operational stage, a child becomes more logical in concrete things, but lacks abstract ideas.

Important Points 

Piaget’s Four Stages of Cognitive Development:

It has been proved by research that there is a positive connection between parent’s involvement and student success. Effectively engaging parents and families in the education of their children has the potential to be far more transformational than any other type of education reform.

Key Points

•  Parent involvement is considered to be one of the most important educational goals. 
• Every school should promote partnerships that will increase parental involvement and participation in promoting the social, emotional, and academic growth of children.
• School education professionals can help parents with their changing roles in all of the following ways:-
  • ​To provide expertise.
  • To provide advice.
  • To provide educational support.

​Thus, it is concluded that School education professionals can help parents with their changing roles in all of the following ways, except to provide food and medicines.

Mental health problems are increasingly at a very high rate in individuals of all age-group, especially school-going children or college-going children, due to education pressure and personal problems.

• Suicide is also highly common in young children.

Key Points

• Adopting effective and appropriate teaching practices in school can reduce mental health problems
• Providing discipline education can also help in preventing mental health problems
• Reducing educational pressure is also a great initiative.
• Providing value education for the betterment of children is also useful.
• Helping children gain sex education also prevents mental health education.
• Understanding children and accepting them also prevent mental health problems

Thus, it can be concluded that option 4 is correct

Growth is an important attribute of childhood. The process of growth starts from the conception of the fetus and continues till adolescence when the child matures into adulthood. 

• The terms growth and development are closely interrelated and it is not possible to separate one from the other.

​Key Points

• Growth refers to an increase in the size of the body parts due to the multiplication of cells and an increase in the intercellular substance. It can be measured in inches or centimeters and in kilograms or pounds. It causes quantitative changes in the body. Each child has a different genetic potential for growth.
• Development refers to physiological maturation. It is a progressive increase in skill and capacity to function. It causes a qualitative change in a child's functioning.

Important Points
Lifespan and age are two major factors that explain the direction of the outcome of growth and development as both are dependent on these factors.

• ​ Life span refers to the ongoing process that we go through while growing up. It is the period of time from conception extending to death. Studying life span development is very important because it helps in describing and explaining the mysteries of human development.
• Life span development includes issues such as the extent to which development occurs through the gradual accumulation of knowledge versus stage-like development, or the extent to which children are born with innate mental structures versus learning through experience.

Thus, it is concluded that Lifespan and age are major factors explaining the direction and outcome of growth and development.

A curriculum can be defined as a set of planned activities that are designed to implement a particular educational aim. Set of such aims - in terms of the content of what is to be taught and the knowledge, skills, and attitudes which are to be deliberately fostered.

Key Points 

The following are the characteristics of the curriculum which as follows:-

•  A curriculum is neither a written text nor a list of activities.
• It is a plan of facilitating learning for the learner.
• Starting with the learner's current position, this plan lists all the features and dimensions of learning that are seen to be essential, provides justifications for why such learning is thought to be essential, and outlines the educational goals it would serve.
• The curriculum includes not only a list of contents but also the aims and objectives, learning experiences, and evaluation.
• The curriculum encompasses “the total experience provided to the learners in and out of school’.

Hence, it is concluded that Curriculum should be based on textbooks only is NOT correct in the context of the curriculum.

Rubrics can be simple, with a few criteria, or complex, with several criteria adding up to a score. Rubrics can be holistic (simplistic) or analytic (detailed). It can be general or task-specific. In other words, rubrics are usually categorized based on two different aspects – assessment criteria and performance tasks.

Key Points

• A rubric is a multi-purpose scoring guide for assessing student products and performances.
• Rubrics help improve teaching, contribute to sound assessment, and serve as a source of information for program improvement.
• A rubric for assessment, usually in the form of a matrix or grid, is a tool used to interpret and grade students’ work against criteria and standards.
• A rubric makes explicit a range of assessment criteria and expected performance standards.
• Rubrics are sometimes called “criteria sheets”, “grading schemes”, or “scoring guides”.
• Rubrics serve as a guide to both students and teachers.
• For students, for example, it serves as a guide for self-assessment of their performance and also knowing what to expect on how a teacher will be grading their assignment.
• It also guides them to complete their assignments.
• On the other hand, teachers can use it to assess student’s work in an assignment or in a course and ensure objectivity in their grading. 

Thus, it is concluded that the rubric is a multi-purpose scoring guide for assessing student products and performances.      

f (x) is discontinuous when x² - 3|x| + 2 = 0
⇒ |x|² - 3|x| + 2 = 0 ⇒ |x| = 1, 2

f(0) = a -1 < 0
⇒ a < 1
f(1) = 1 + 2a + 1 a - 1 < 0
⇒ 3a < -1

D > 0 ⇒ 4a² + 4a + 1 - 4a + 4 > 0
⇒ 4a² + 5 > 0
True for all a ∈ R
From equation (i), (ii) and (iii) 

Maximum and minimum value of the data 23, 45, 34, 21, 89, 45, 47, 91 are 21 and 91.
Range = 91 – 21 = 70
 

Since the circles touch each other, equation of the common tangent is S₁ – S₂ = 0 ⇒ x = 0.
Putting x = 0 in the equations of the circles, we get y²+ b = 0.
This equation should have equal roots ⇒ b = 0.
Hence (c) is the correct answer.

Domain of sin^-1x is [-1,1]

Therefore, -1 ≤ log₃(x/3) ≤ 1

3^-1 ≤ x/3 ≤ 3

1 ≤ x ≤ 9

Therefore, the domain of sin^-1[log₃(x/3)] is [1,9]

Any second degree curve passing through the intersection of the given curves is ax² + 4xy + 2y² + x + y + 5 + λ (ax² + 6xy + 5y² +2x + 3y + 8) = 0
If it is a circle, then coefficient of x² = coefficient of y² and  coefficient of xy = 0 a(1+ λ) = 2 + 5λ and   4 + 6λ = 0


Hence (B) is the correct answer.

Clearly function f (x) = 3x² - 2x+1 is increasing when
f ' (x) = 6x – 2 > 0 ⇒ x ∈[1 / 3,∞)

∴ f (x) is incorrectly matched with 

2 liens are parallel

Using the Venn Diagram,
(i) A - B = A - (A ∩ B) is true

(ii) A = (A ∩ B) ∪ (A - B) is true

(iii) A - (B ∪ C) = (A - B) ∪ (A - C) is false

α + β = -a,αβ = -b;γ+δ = -a,γδ = b
(α² + aα + b) (β² + aβ +b) = 4b²

Set of rational numbers { x: x=p/q where p and q are integers and q≠0}.
Set of real numbers is not a subset of X. Set of natural numbers, whole numbers, integers are subset of X.

Let z = 0 + ib, where b < 0. Then z is represented by a point on the negative direction of y-axis.