KVS PGT Mathematics Mock Test - 5 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

Example- If the world had a lot of mavericks, the problem of religious violence wouldn't be there.

सही उत्तर है - 'झरना - देवता' l
Key Points

• 'निर्झर - निर्जर' शब्द युग्म का सही अर्थ - 'झरना - देवता' l
  • निर्झर - निर्जर यह दोनों 'श्रुतिसम भिन्नार्थक' शब्दों के उदाहरण है l
• निर्झर का अर्थ:- झरना l
• निर्जर का अर्थ:- देवता l
  • अन्य विकल्प 'निर्झर - निर्जर' शब्दों का सही अर्थ ना बताने के कारण गलत उत्तर है l

Additional Information

• ऐसे शब्द जो पढ़ने और सुनने में लगभग एक-से लगते हैं, परंतु अर्थ की दृष्टि से भिन्न्न होते हैं, श्रुतिसम भिन्नार्थक शब्द कहलाते हैं।

श्रुतिसम भिन्नार्थक शब्द के उदाहरण :-

• अलि - भौंरा - फूलों पर बहुत-से अलि मँडरा रहे है।
• अली - सखी - राधा की एक अली का नाम शांता था।
• नीर - पानी - भाषा बहता हुआ नीर होती है।
• नीड़ - घोंसला - रात में पंछी अपने-अपने नीड़ों में विश्राम करते हैं।

दिये गए विकल्पों में से विकल्प 3 'हरि' सही उत्तर है। अन्य विकल्प सही उत्तर नहीं हैं।

Key Points

• सर्प, मेंढक, सिंह, घोडा, वानर, हाथी आदि सभी 'हरि' के अनेकार्थक शब्द हैं।

अन्य विकल्प -

शिव- मंगल, महादेव, वेद, भाग्यशाली

Additional Information

• अनेकार्थक शब्द- ऐसे शब्द, जिनके अनेक अर्थ होते हैं, अनेकार्थी शब्द कहलाते हैं।
• जैसे-

अंबर – आकाश, कपड़ा ·

अदृष्ट – जो देखा न जाए, भाग्य, गुप्त, रहस्य।

Concept:

• Plants have different types of roots.
• Some store food, some breathe some hang from the branches.

Explanation:

• Roots are the underground structures that help in the absorption of water and minerals provide a proper anchorage to the plant parts, storage of reserve food material (Carrot, Radish), and synthesis of PGR (plant growth regulators).
• Sometimes roots get modified to perform different functions like storage of food, respiration, climbing, etc.
• These types of roots are called modified roots.
• Examples - prop root of the Banyan tree for providing support, Pneumatophores of Rhizophora, and Mangrove plants for respiration.

So, these statements are correct.

• To give support to the plant.
• To store food.
• To absorb water and minerals.

Thus, roots do not function to provide humus.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Northern and Eastern.

• Any circle drawn around the globe divides the Earth into two equal halves called hemispheres.
• There are generally considered to be four hemispheres: Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western.
• India's main land extends between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E.
• India is located lattitudinally in the Northern hemisphere, the half of earth that is north of the Equator (0°). 
• India is located longitudinally in the Eastern hemisphere, the half of earth that is east of the Prime Meridian or the Greenwich Line (0°).

                         

Correct Order to Start PowerPoint:
To start PowerPoint, follow the correct order of steps:
1. Start Programs:
- Click on the "Start" button located at the bottom left corner of the screen.
- This will open the Start Menu.
2. Access MS-Office:
- In the Start Menu, locate and click on the "Programs" or "All Programs" option.
- This will display a list of installed programs.
3. Access MS-Office PowerPoint:
- Within the Programs list, locate and click on the "MS-Office" folder or the "Microsoft Office" folder.
- This will open a sub-menu displaying various MS-Office applications.
4. Start MS-Office PowerPoint:
- From the MS-Office applications sub-menu, locate and click on the "MS-Office PowerPoint" or "Microsoft PowerPoint" option.
- This will launch PowerPoint and open a new presentation window.
Explanation:
The correct order of steps to start PowerPoint is as follows:
1. Start Programs
- Click on the Start button.
2. Access MS-Office
- Find and click on the Programs or All Programs option in the Start Menu.
3. Access MS-Office PowerPoint
- Look for the MS-Office or Microsoft Office folder in the Programs list.
- Click on the folder to open a sub-menu.
4. Start MS-Office PowerPoint
- Locate and click on the MS-Office PowerPoint or Microsoft PowerPoint option in the sub-menu.
- PowerPoint will then launch and open a new presentation window.
This order ensures that you navigate through the Start Menu and find the MS-Office folder before specifically selecting PowerPoint to start the application.

Office Open XML (OOXML) format was introduced with Microsoft Office 2007 and became the default format of Microsoft Word ever since. Pertaining file extensions include: . docx – Word document.

Human behavior has a dynamic quality, it keeps changing in response to various stimuli it receives from the environment. From infancy, we are continually learning new skills, gaining information about the environment around us, and developing certain beliefs and attitudes. These are the area or domains of learning.

Key Points

Psycho-motor domain is also called the conative domain of learning.

• Psycho-motor domain pertains to the manipulative or psychomotor skills which can be developed under the supervision or guidance of an expert or skilled person.
• For example, the skill of driving a car can be acquired effectively under the direct supervision of a skilled instructor
• Learning psychomotor skills has three characteristics. They are:
  • Responsive chain: Learning of skills involves a chain of motor responses that one muscular movement leads to another muscular movement.
  • Coordination: The coordination of perception and motor acts is essential in skill learning.
  • Response patterns: Skill learning involves the organization of stimulus ad response patterns.

Hence, we can conclude that the Psycho-motor domain is also called as the conative domain of learning.

In general, two well-known perspectives provide insight into cognition, learning, and development of children, namely Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, and Lev S. Vygotsky’s Socio-Cultural perspective on children’s learning and development.  Key PointsChildren’s self-talk and development

• Piaget and Vygotsky both have written on children’s self-talk. In fact, there are debates between how Piaget and Vygotsky have looked at this self-talk.
• Piaget calls it egocentric speech and sees it as a feature of the preoperational stage. 
  • Piaget relates private speech to egocentrism among children, and also calls it egocentric speech.
  • In this stage, the children assume that they are the centre of world and everything revolves around them.
  • He says that such speech indicates that the child is unable to see others' points of view. S/he only talks about what s/ he wants to. However, as s/he cognitively and socially develops such speech gradually disappears.
  • The child gradually becomes capable of considering others’ interests while talking and develops an interactive ability.

Hence, we can conclude that according to Piaget, Egocentric is a stage in which a child is the centre of the world and everything revolves around him.

Additional Information

• Vygotsky calls self-talk as private-speech.
  • Vygotsky believed that such self–talk has a positive developmental role to play.
  • It is important in the cognitive development of the child and gradually enables her to regulate herself, monitor herself, plan and solve problems.

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 is the disability legislation passed by the Indian Parliament to fulfill its obligation to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which India ratified in 2007.

Key Points

• The RPWD Act, 2016 provides that “the appropriate Government shall ensure that the PWD enjoy the right to equality, life with dignity, and respect for his or her integrity equally with others.” The Government is to take steps to utilize the capacity of the PWD by providing an appropriate environment.
• The acts encourage the government to establish more special schools for disabled persons.
• The Act replaced the existing Persons With Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995.
• These acts mandated the government to build and equipped all its offices with Ramp and disabled persons friendly.

Hence, we can conclude that Only । is not correct about the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act.

Childhood refers to the period of the human lifespan, ranging from birth to puberty. The three stages of childhood are- 

• Early Childhood (The Preschool Years) (2-6 years)
• Middle Childhood (The School Years) (6 to age 12)
• Later Childhood (12-14 years of age)

Key Points

• The significant psychological accomplishments of middle childhood are in the area of intellectual competence. 
• Children in this age period become capable of logical thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving in a variety of tasks.
• The ability to think logically about concrete or real-world events and experiences is the hallmark of this stage.
• The children understand operations and develop an understanding of the meaning of rules and can reason.

Hint

• Make-believe play is a ubiquitous part of early childhood. In make-believe play, children pretend that an object is something other than what it actually is.
• A child who is in the adolescent period (14 to 18 years) can hypothesize possible causes and accordingly design complex experiments.
• At infancy 1-2 years of age, the child just beginning to show fine motor skills such as grasping a pencil and other such objects.

Hence, we can conclude that the right answer to this question is a child who has developed an understanding of the meaning of rules and can reason, would be in the middle childhood stage.

Human development involves change. This change occurs at various stages of development and the development pattern at each stage has predictable characteristics. You might have observed that development is a product of maturity and learning. Maturity is more or less automatic, unfolding biological potential. It is an irreversible sequence and entails biological changes. Such changes are relatively independent of environmental factors as long as environmental factors remain normal. 

Key Points

Principles of development 

• Principle of Sequentiality: Sequentiality Most psychologists agree that development is sequential or orderly. Every species, whether animal or human, follows a pattern of development peculiar to it. This pattern in general is the same for all individuals.
• In prenatal development, there is a genetic sequence, that appears at fixed intervals with certain characteristics.
• Social and behavioral scientists increasingly have come to see development as a relationship between an organism and the environment in a transaction or collaboration. Individuals work with and affect their environment, and in turn, the environment works with and affects them. 

Hint

• Principle of Continuity: Development is a continuous process from conception to death. In the early years of life, the development consists of changes that lead the child to maturity not only in body size and functioning but also in behavior.
• Principle of Generality to Specificity: Development proceeds from general to specific. In all areas of development, general activity always precedes specific activity.
• Principle of Dlfferentiality: The tempo of development is not even. Individuals differ in the rate of growth and development. Boys and girls have different development rates. Each part of the body has its own particular rate of growth.

Hence, we can conclude that "Development follows a pattern of development peculiar to it". This statement is related to the Sequentiality principle of development.

The curriculum development approach is a design or pattern of organization used in making decisions about the various aspects of curriculum development and transaction.

• The curriculum approach is thus a plan that the teachers follow in providing learning activities (or experiences) to the students in school.
• The pattern or design of the curriculum to a large extent determines the nature of the outcomes that will be achieved after transacting the curriculum. 

Key Points

Some of the main approaches follow in Curriculum Development:

• Concentric Approach: The concentric approach is called a spiral approach, in which the curriculum is organizing by laying out basic concepts, a subject matter is taken and spread over several years and little higher-level knowledge is added in all subsequent years. It covers other related material, and then circling back around to the basic concept and filling in more complexity and depth. In this approach, the students always have the opportunity of revising the content in all subsequent years.
• Unit Approach: A unit means simply a group of related experiences covering a time span that is short enough to enable pupils to hold everything in mind, appreciate the connections and grasp the various segments as a whole. A unit is part of a total program, but it has an identity of its own. Unit plans commonly include a reference to goals, objectives contents, methods, resources, and evaluation plans.
• Topical Approach: In this approach, the curriculum maker takes a particular topic as a central theme at various instructions and concepts. It will be simpler and easier for a teacher to plan his teaching focussing on topics or themes. Although the relevant information could be drawn from various academic disciplines, the focus remains on the "topic" and not on the academic disciplines from which the information was taken. 

Hence, we can conclude that in the concentric curriculum approach, the students always have the opportunity to revise the content in the coming classes.

Teaching-learning materials (TLMs) are, therefore, tools, which are used by teachers to help learners to learn concepts with ease and efficiency.

• The role of TLMs in the classroom is to make learning real, practical, and fun for children.
• Teachers use TLMs to illustrate or reinforce a skill, fact, or idea. 

Key Points

A teacher uses it to make teaching-learning effective. TLMs also help learners achieve learning outcomes after classroom teaching and learning. Some of the reasons to use TLMs in the classroom are of various types as described below:

• Motivate learners – Capturing attention is the first step to any learning and TLMs help in capturing the attention of learners in the classroom. Once motivated to look at TLMs, the children are curious to learn new things and will be motivated to come to school. TLMs provide a variety of stimuli, which helps in making classroom teaching most effective.
• Help in longer retention of information – The more the number of sensory channels involved in interacting with TLMs, the longer will be the retention of information. Therefore, the learning will be effective and will last long.
• Facilitate holistic learning –  Learning objectives to be achieved through classroom teaching is in all domains- cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. Therefore, to achieve varied objectives, varied learning experiences need to be provided, which can be done through the use of TLMs.
• Help in organizing classroom teaching – As a teacher you need to organize learning experiences, making them as realistic as possible. You can use visual or verbal TLMs to present accurate data in a sequentially organized manner. This helps a teacher with verbal and visual communication in the classroom. Thus, you may use TLMs to overcome shortcomings in verbal or visual communication.
• Facilitate change in attitude – TLMs also help in changing the attitude of learners towards learning in general and subject content in particular. Pictures, models, and other items help in the inculcation of a positive attitude in learners.
• Practical applications – TLMs show the application of theoretical knowledge into practical applications. The theoretical knowledge studied in class is shown in concrete form through TLMs for effective learning.
• Making learning fun – TLMs help in making learning fun in the classroom. Students enjoy the novelty of handling new objects and learning new concepts through them.
• Concept formation – TLMs facilitate the formation and attainment of concepts among children. They concretize the abstract concepts; thus children can understand them and not resort to rote learning.

Hence, from the above points, it is clear that the use of teaching-learning material and Improving of the Teaching aids for the children, would be the best way to attract the children to the school.

Additional Information
Let us look into these major teaching-learning materials' categories in detail:

i) Audio TLMs: These TLMs primarily stimulate the hearing sense of the learner. It includes – the human voice, telephonic conversation, audio discs/tapes, gramophone records, and Radio broadcasts.

ii) Visual TLMs: These types of TLMs involve the sense of vision. They stimulate visual impulses. These can be of various types as given below:

• Visual (Verbal) Print. (the text is the main instructional or teaching-learning aid)
• Textbook, Supplementary book.
• Reference books, encyclopedia, etc.
• Magazine, Newspaper
• Documents and Clippings
• Duplicated written material
• Programmed material or SLM
• Case Studies/Reports, etc.
• Visual (Pictorial- Non-Projected)

iii) Audio Visual: TLMs are the projected aids, which use both auditory and visual senses to enhance learning. The greatest advantage of these is they are the closest representation of reality. These include – Motion Picture films, Television, Video discs/cassettes, slide–tape presentations, Multimedia Computer.

Achievement tests are generally classified as standardized tests and teacher-made tests. Normally in schools, teacher-made tests are used.

• The teacher-made achievement tests assess student achievement in relation to the instruction provided in a school.
• Standardized tests are constructed by test construction specialists, usually with the assistance of curriculum experts, teachers, and school administrators.

Key Points

• Standardized Achievement Tests are used to evaluate outcomes and content that have been determined irrespective of what has been taught.
• They are pre-tested and selected on the basis of difficulty and discrimination power.
• Reliability is usually high. 
• The procedure of its administration is standardized and specific instructions for its administration and scoring are provided.
• Standardized procedures are used for the submission, scoring, and interpretation of test results.
• Scores can be compared to norm groups, test manuals, and other guides for interpretation and use.
• Standardized tests are useful when the purpose of testing is to compare a student's performance in different content areas.
• To find the status of an individual student, class, or school system in a wider population.
• To compare classes or schools among themselves.
• To measure growth over a period of years.

Thus, it is concluded that the tasks used are deliberately designed to measure clearly defined areas of performance, and standardized procedures are used for the submission, scoring, and interpretation of test results.

Personal development is concerned with how children perceive themselves and what they are capable of. How children view themselves about their relationships with others is a part of their social development. As your child develops and grows, it's critical to provide the opportunity to practice these abilities.

Key Points

• The instructor should play a key role in the child's personal and social development, children should be prevented from participating in various social schemes, and the assertion about group activities is inaccurate.
• Personal and social skills development allows youngsters to get the most out of their school experiences. Children get a greater awareness of themselves and learn to manage themselves.
• Personal and social skills development allows children to get the most out of their school experiences. Children develop self-control and have a greater awareness of themselves.
• Children's approaches to learning, relationships with others, and social problem-solving are all important aspects of personal and social development for successful functioning in the school setting.

​As a result, teacher should encourage children to participate in various social schemes and group activities. 

Additional Information

• The child should be taught about society's social culture and prevalent views. Cultural knowledge and tradition are critical in assisting young children in developing a healthy sense of self-identity and self-esteem. Cultural appreciation and awareness, according to studies, aid in the development of a healthy self-image.
• Students from all origins and needs can flourish through increasing multicultural understanding and inclusiveness. Children at the school come from many homes, and their cultures differ, thus the instructor should foster an intercultural spirit in the students. 

The mint has to perform two jobs:
1) Selecting the number of days in the February month i.e., 28 or 29
2) Selecting the first day of February month.
The first job can be completed in 2 ways while second job can be completed in 7 ways by selecting any one of the seven days of a week.
Thus, the required number of plates = 2 x 7 = 14.

Correct Answer :- a

Explanation : The formula to find the coefficient of a^pb^qc^rd^s in (xa+yb+zc+vd)ⁿ is (n!x^p y^q z^r v^s)/p!q!r!s!

So, coefficient of a⁴b³c²d in (a−b+c−d)¹⁰

= [10!(1)⁴(-1)³(1)²(-1)1]/(4!3!2!1!)

= 12600

Point should be on y axis so x=0
y²+8y+5 = 0
y²+8y+16 =5+16
(y+4)² = 21
y+4 = (21)^½
y = -4 +- (21)^½
A = (0, 4+(21)^½)       B=(0, 4-(21)^½)
AB= [(0-0)² + {(4+(21)^½)  - (4-(21)^½)}]
= (2(21)^½)
= 2(21)^½

∫(1 to 3) x/(1+x²) dx
Put t = 1+x²
dt = 2x dx
= 1/2∫( 1 to 3) dt/t
= ½  log[t](1 to 3)
= ½[log(1+x²)](1 to 3)
= ½[log 10 - log 2]
= ½ (log(10/2)]
= ½[log 5]
= log(5)^½

Let
X – no. of correct answers by guessing in the set of 5 multiple choice questions. 5 multiple choice questions.
Probability of success = p = 1/3
Probability of failure = q = 1 - p = 2/3
P(r) = ⁿC_r p^rq^n-r  r = 0,1,2,,....n
P (guessing more than 4 correct answers)


 

The odd digits which can be considered are (1,3,5,7 and 9).
If we start from left, the first digit can be any number out of the five digits. The second place can be filled with any four digits except the digit at the first place.
Similarly, four ways for the third digit until we reach the tenth place.
Therefore, the total numbers formed are 5 × 49

y²dx + (x²− xy − y²) dy = 0 is a homogeneous differential equation ,because the degree of each individual term is same i.e. 2.

cosα - isinα is root of zⁿ + a₁z^n-1 + a₂z^n-2 + ----
a_n (1/z)ⁿ + a_n-1(1/z)^n-1 + -------+ a₁(1/z) + 1 = 0.
-----+a_n-1z+a_n = 0 i.e of
Equating real and imaginary parts on both sides, 

a_n cos nα + a_n-1 cos (n-1)α + -----+a₂ cos 2α + a₁ cos α + 1 = 0

Let
A – Getting 15 as the sum in a throw of three dice.
B – Getting 4 on the first die.
Required probability 

(As total number of ways = 1×6×6=36. There are two favourable events (4,6,5) (4,5,6))

x³ - 18x² + 96x = x(x² - 18x + 96) = x[(x-9)² + 15]
 =x(x-9)² +15 ≥ 0