KVS PGT Mathematics Mock Test - 9 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

The sentence indicates Sarah's massive success as a businessman; the company which was once small has now turned into an enormous one. Out of the given options, 'gargantuan' means enormous. The other words, 'gorgeous', 'tiny', and 'mendacious' respectively mean attractive, minuscule, deceitful and friendly. Hence, the correct answer is 3.

'वह ग्रंथ हिंदी लिपि में है।' वाक्य ग़लत है।

• अशुद्ध वाक्य - वह ग्रंथ हिंदी लिपि में है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य - वह ग्रंथ देवनागरी लिपि में है।
• हिंदी कोई लिपि नहीं है वह एक भाषा है।
• हिंदी भाषा की लिपि देवनागरी है।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों में कोई त्रुटि नहीं है -

• अध्यक्ष महोदय मुस्कुराने लगे।
• ईश्वर आपका भला करें।
• ओह! तुम कल जाओगे।

Additional Informationदेवनागरी लिपि की विशेषताएँ -

• देवनागरी लिपि के उच्चारण और प्रयोग में समानता होती है।
• देवनागरी लिपि पूर्णतया वैज्ञानिक है।
• देवनागरी में निश्चित मात्राएँ हैं।
• इसमें प्रत्येक ध्वनि के लिए अलग लिपि चिह्न है।
• इसमें वर्ण का कोई भ्रम नहीं है।
• प्रत्येक वर्ग में अघोष फिर सघोष वर्ण हैं।
• यह लिपि लिखाई और छपाई दोनों में समान है।

'राम ने आसानी से शिव-धनुष तोड़ दिया'- वाक्य है- विधानवाचक वाक्य

Key Points

• विधानवाचक- ऐसे वाक्य जिनसे किसी काम के होने या किसी के अस्तित्व का बोध हो। इन्हें विधिवाचक वाक्य भी कहते हैं।

उदाहरण-

• ममता ने खाना खा लिया।
• हिंदी हमारी राष्ट्रभाषा है।

Additional Information

The correct answer is ​1965.

Key Points

• Green Revolution:
  • ​Father of the Green Revolution in worldwide- Norman Borlaug.
  • Father of the Green Revolution in India- M.S. Swaminathan.
  • This revolution led to an increase in food grain production.
  • In the year 1965, the government of India launched the Green Revolution.
  • India adopted a new strategy in agriculture, which resulted in the Green Revolution especially in the production of wheat and rice.
  • The movement of the green revolution was a great success and changed the country's status from a food-deficient economy to one of the world's leading agricultural nations.

Key Points 

• The biosphere reserves are the areas meant for the conservation of biodiversity.
• These are large areas of protected land for the conservation of wildlife, plant and animal resources and traditional life of the tribals living in the area.
• The biosphere reserves help to maintain the biodiversity and culture of that area.
• A biosphere reserve may also contain other protected areas.
• The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve consists of one national park named Satpura and two wildlife sanctuaries named Bori and Pachmarhi

Additional Information

• There are18 biosphere reserves in India:-
  • Cold Desert, Himachal Pradesh
  • Nanda Devi, Uttrakhand
  • Khangchendzonga, Sikkim
  • Dehang-Debang, Arunachal Pradesh
  • Manas, Assam
  • Dibru-Saikhowa, Assam
  • Nokrek, Meghalaya
  • Panna, Madhya Pradesh
  • Pachmarhi, Madhya Pradesh
  • Achanakmar-Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh-Chhattisgarh
  • Kachchh, Gujarat
  • Similipal, Odisha
  • Sundarban, West Bengal
  • Seshachalam, Andhra Pradesh
  • Agasthyamala, Karnataka-Tamil Nadu-Kerala
  • Nilgiri, Tamil Nadu-Kerala 
  • Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu
  • Great Nicobar, Andaman & Nicobar Island

Hence, "Printer" is the correct answer.

Important PointsInput Device: A piece of equipment/hardware that helps us enter data into a computer is called an input device. For example keyboard, mouse, etc. 

1. Keyboard:

• A simple device comprising keys and each key denotes either an alphabet, number, or number commands which can be given to a computer for various actions to be performed
• It has a modified version of typewriter keys
• The keyboard is an essential input device and computers and laptops both use keyboards to give commands to the computer

2. Joy Stick:

• It is a device that comprises a stick that is attached at an angle to the base so that it can be moved and controlled
• Mostly used to control the movement in video games
• Apart from a computer system, a joystick is also used in the cockpit of an aeroplane, wheelchairs, cranes, trucks, etc. to operate them well

3. Scanner:

• This device can scan images or text and convert it into a digital signal
• When we place any piece of a document on a scanner, it converts it into a digital signal and displays it on the computer screen

Output Device: A piece of equipment/hardware that gives out the result of the entered input, once it is processed (i.e. converts data from machine language to a human-understandable language), is called an output device. For example printers, monitors, etc. 

Printer:

• A device that makes a copy of the pictorial or textual content, usually over a paper is called a printer
• For example, an author types the entire book on his/her computer and later gets a printout of it, which is in the form of paper and is later published
• Multiple types of printers are also available in the market, which can serve different purposes

• It involves physical, intellectual, emotional, cognitive as well as social development. It is also influenced by environmental factors and the learning capacity of children.
• Every individual is different from each other and their area of development is also different.

Key Points

Language learning is a process that begins at birth and continues throughout life. In other words, language learning is an ongoing process. children learn language through which they communicate their feelings, emotions, experiences, etc.

Stage of development for learning a language:-

Pre Childhood:- This stage is also known as pre-schoolers. It starts from 2-6 years.

• At this age, the child reaches the idea of what's going surroundings.
• It is the stage of the overall development of the child.
• A child is ready to roam around the world and become more active.
• A child grows quickly both physically and cognitively.
• A child does not speak but there is a beginning of understanding short words and phrases.

Other stages of development for language learning:-

Thus, it is concluded that pre-childhood is the stage of child development that is termed the best stage for language learning

Individual differences refer to how individuals differ from each other. Different people have different interests; and their behavior is influenced by these interests, likings, dislikings, values, beliefs, etc. Even if we are of the same age group or gender, we are aware of how we differ from others and, others are also aware of these differences.

• For example, you may like dancing and gossiping with friends, but your friend may not like these

Key Points

• According to RTE 2009, the school should ensure the Inclusion of diversity (students with disabilities/special needs) as per the provision of the Act.
• The principles of Inclusive education include no discrimination among the students and equal educational opportunities for all. 
• In a classroom with a diverse group of students, a teacher should advocate for and celebrate individual differences.
• In inclusive education, all the learners with disabilities, or without disabilities are learnt under the same roof.
• Inclusive education promotes different languages, thoughts, and cultures, of different students.
• In inclusive education, the thoughts of the students became divergent, they can think divergently after engaging with different students.
• So that we can conclude that in a diverse classroom, teachers should respect individual differences and treat all the students equally.

Hint

• Teachers should not have to try to reduce or ignore the individual differences because it makes the classroom interesting also opposes the concept of inclusive education.
• Individual differences are not an obstacle in learning, it will promote students to cater to different cultures and learns different skills by engaging with students of different ability.

Motivation encourages a learner to work in a specific direction to achieve a particular goal. It helps in channelizing the focus of the student to achieve the target.

• There are many methods of motivating learners which can either be categorized into extrinsic or intrinsic types of motivation.
• Extrinsic motivation refers to the performance of an activity in order to attain an outcome and comes from outside of the individual. 
• Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that is driven by an interest in the task itself and exists within the individual. 

Key Points

• A teacher as a leader can encourage her students to remain intrinsically motivated for learning by supporting them in setting individual mastery goals for themselves and as per their interests.
• Setting individual goals give primacy to children's understanding, experiences, and needs and will provide ample opportunities to the children to foster their own strategy of learning.
• Intrinsic motivation is the drive to achieve something in life that satisfies one’s needs and when children work at their own pace to achieve their individual goals they develop their fullest potential.

Hence, a teacher as a leader can encourage her students to remain intrinsically motivated for learning by supporting them in setting individual mastery goals for themselves and as per their interests.

Hint

• Giving rewards is related to extrinsic motivation.
• Inducing anxiety and fear and giving competitive tests could lead to low self-esteem and anxiety in low achievers.

Key PointsSyllabus:

• The syllabus is best defined as a detailed and operational statement of teaching and learning.
• Integrated series of teaching-learning processes that aim to acquire a state of knowledge is called a Course.
• The curriculum is the philosophical, social, and administrative factors that contribute to the planning of educational programs.
• A listing of events to be done in the teaching-learning process is called agenda.
• This is not usually involved in the teaching process.

Hence, a syllabus is a document that outlines all the essential information about the course. 

Evaluation refers to a process of making value judgments based on both qualitative and quantitative data collected over a period of time. There are several methods that teachers use to evaluate the learning progress and skills of students or the need for any academic assistance.

Key Points 

Formative Evaluation:

• Formative evaluation is used to evaluate student learning progress and achievement. It provides scope for the use of variety of activities, and various tools and techniques for promoting holistic development of the learners.
• It helps teachers to identify problem-facing areas and to understand the learning needs of students to ensure their academic growth. It ensures learning in a non-threatening and supportive environment.
• It provides a chance to the learners to reflect on their performance, as it realises the role of motivation and self-esteem of students learning. It helps learners to actively and continuously engage in learning. 
• It gives regular feedback and a chance for students to reflect on their performance, take advice and improve upon it. It helps teachers to plan better and provide supportive, non - evaluative feedback to students.

Hence, it is clear that the above-mentioned type of evalaution is known as formative evaluation.

Additional Information 

• Diagnostic Evaluation helps the teachers to identify the learning difficulties or gaps in the learners' understanding and to know learners' individual strengths, weaknesses, skills, etc.
• Summative Evaluation evaluates student learning by comparing it against some standard or level. It ‘Sums-up’ how much a student has learned over a period of time. Example: Term-end exam, Written tests, Unit tests, Final projects, etc.

The concept of education is used in a variety of contexts with different meanings and viewpoints. Different educationists have different beliefs and opinions with reference to the origin of the word 'education'.

• Dropout refers to the practice of leaving schools before completing a certain level of schooling. Effective teaching happens when a teacher is successful in keeping the students actively involved in learning, otherwise, children tend to find ways to skip classes or escape from school.

Key Points

The reason of absence and escape from school is:

• Lack of Infrastructure
• Poor method of teaching & Ineffective teacher
• Inequality in education & Lack of quality education
• Expensive higher education & Lack of interest in the syllabus

Important Points

Ways to remove the hindrance in achieving educational aims:

• An effective teacher should focus on how well the students have understood a particular topic and motivate them to learn.

• The teacher should make use of interesting teaching methodologies to instill curiosity and inquisitiveness.
• An effective classroom is one where the teacher is a facilitator and a role model and not merely an instructor.
• It is a place where there is a lively and healthy interaction between students and teachers.
• The teacher can provide real-life examples to induce learners' interest in the syllabus so that they can have a connection with the subjects and the syllabus.

Hence, it could be concluded that all of the above are the reasons of absence and escape from school which hinder the achievement of educational aims include.

Leadership may be defined as a process of influencing group activities towards certain goals.

It is the activity of influencing people to strive willingly for group objectives".

Key Points The transformational acts of leadership include -

• Motivating, Influencing, guiding, and directing the behaviors of others. 
• Ability to strengthen the interests of the whole group and not just of an individual.
• Involving people fully in a great project.
• Defining objectives, goals, and outcomes.
• Guiding and directing other people and providing purpose and direction to their efforts.

Hence we conclude that Neither I nor II is a transformational act of leadership.

Additional Information 

There are a number of theories that provide explanations regarding various aspects of the leadership phenomenon-

• Trait Theory - It determines the traits of a leader as physically strong and well-built, intelligent, honest, and mentally mature.
• Behavioral Theories: These are based on the belief that leaders can be identified by reference to their behavior in relation to their followers.
• Situational Theories: In the situational theories of leadership the success of leadership depends upon the situation in which the leader operates.

School is a place designed to provide an adequate learning environment for an effective teaching-learning process. It is a miniature society where children learn by interacting with their environment.

• Individual difference refers to the difference which distinguishes an individual from another on the basis of psychological characteristics.

Key Points

Supports that a school should provide to achieve educational aims by addressing the Individual differences in students:

• providing multiple learning opportunities.
• following a child-centered and flexible curriculum.
• observing and diagnosing the learner's individual needs.
• working with specific and collaborative teaching models.
• using different pedagogy to meet learners' diverse needs.

Hint

The remaining options are not true because:

• Removal of individual differences is not possible and if possible then also it won't facilitate meaningful learning.
• Referring slow learners to special schools will make the child feel being segregated and could lead to low self-esteem.
• Following the same level of curriculum for all students will be an obstacle as every learner has their own individual learning needs. 

Hence, it could be concluded that 'providing multiple learning opportunities to students' is correct in the context.

f(x) = sinx
f(x) = sinx is a one-one function.
codomain = range
therefore, f(x) = sinx is an onto function.

Even  function 

As the quadrants lies in first and second quadrant
y = -a    Focus(0,a)
x^{2 = 4ay}
 

b² = ac
a = 3/2, c = 27/2
⇒ b² = 3/2 * 27/2
⇒ b = (√81/4)
⇒ b = 9/2

No of ways to make a necklace out of 11 beads = (11-1)!/2 
= 10!/2
Out of 11 beads there are identical red and black heads.
No. of arrangements = (10)!/[2*(5!6!)]

 is called the unit vector of a given vector 

As n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) - n(A ∩ B)
But in case of disjoint sets, n(A ∩ B) = 0
∴ n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B)

x² + kx + 1>0 and x² - k must not have any real root ;
∴ k² - 4 < 0 &k < 0
⇒ k ∈ [-2, 2] and k < 0 ⇒ k ∈ [-2, 0)

(n - 2r)² = n + 2

Use extreme value formula

The domain in ordered pair (x,y) is represented by x-coordinate. Therefore, the domain of the given function is given by : {1, 3, 2}.