Super TET Mock Test - 6 - Super TET MCQ

सही उत्तर द्ध = द् + ध है।

Key Points

• संयुक्ताक्षरों में उपयोग में लिए गए वर्णो के आधार पर सही जोड़ द्ध = द् + ध है।
• द् से निर्मित अन्य शब्द- द्भ (=द्‌भ), द्म (द्‌म), द्य (=द्‌य), द्र = द्‌र)
• संयुक्त व्यंजन - जो व्यंजन 2 या 2 से अधिक व्यंजनों के मिलने से बनते हैं उन्हें संयुक्त व्यंजन कहा जाता है।
• संयुक्त व्यंजन में जो पहला व्यंजन होता है, वो हमेशा स्वर रहित होता है।
• हिंदी वर्णमाला में 4 संयुक्त व्यंजन होते हैं।
  • क्ष - क् + ष = क्ष - अक्षय, क्षत्रिय, रक्षक
  • त्र - त् + र = त्र - मित्र, छात्र, त्रिशूल
  • ज्ञ - ज् + ञ = ज्ञ - ज्ञान, यज्ञ, अज्ञात
  • श्र - श् + र = श्र - श्रम, आश्रम, श्रवण

Additional Information

अघोष ध्वनि का युग्म हैं-प,फ।

Key Pointsअघोष ध्वनि-

• स्वनविज्ञान और स्वनिमविज्ञान में अघोष (voiceless या surd) वह ध्वनियाँ (विशेषकर व्यंजन) होती हैं जिनमें स्वर-रज्जु में कम्पन नहीं होता है।

अघोष ध्वनि है-

• देवनागरी के हर नियमित वर्ग में पहले दो वर्ण अघोष होते हैं।
• उदाहरण- ​
  • क/ख, च/छ, त/थ, ट/ठ, प/फ अघोष हैं।

Important Pointsध्वनि-

• ध्वनि (Sound) एक प्रकार का कम्पन या विक्षोभ है जो किसी ठोस, द्रव या गैस से होकर संचारित होती है। किन्तु मुख्य रूप से उन कम्पनों को ही ध्वनि कहते हैं जो मानव के कान (Ear) से सुनायी पडती हैं।

Additional Informationघोष ध्वनि-

• अघोष ध्वनि के विपरीत घोष (voiced) वह ध्वनियाँ होती हैं जिनमें स्वर-रज्जु में कम्पन होता है।
• देवनागरी के हर नियमित वर्ग में बाद के दो घोष होते हैं।
• उदाहरण-
  • ग/घ, ज/झ, द/ध, ड/ढ, ब/भ घोष हैं।

पंकज शब्द योगरूढ़ शब्द है, पंकज ( पंक + ज) अर्थात कीचड़ में उत्पत्र। इसलिए  विकल्प "योगरूढ़ शब्द" सही है। वर्णो के योग से शब्दों की रचना होती है। रचना या बनावट के आधार पर श्व्दों को निम्रलिखित तीन वर्गों में बाँटा गया है :

(i) रूढ़ (ii ) यौगिक और (iii)योगरूढ़

The passage says that there has been an immense change in the climate of the planet over the years. We humans are ourselves responsible for generating this problem. Finding the solution to this problem is the biggest challenge of our generation. Lastly, the passage concludes that if we don't correct this situation now, it will be too late to control the problem.
This sequence of events is shown only by option 1. Hence, it is the correct answer.

'Being a black rose' signifies being rare and precious. Thus, only option 2 shows the correct meaning of the phrase.
Example- The is an origami artist. Thus, he can be called the black rose of this form of art.

Rule- The object in the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice and the subject in the active voice becomes the object in the passive voice.This is valid in both ways (Active to passive and vice-versa). Further, the verb is changed to the past participle form. 

स्पष्टीकरण -

• पर्यायवाची शब्द - ये शब्द दूसरे शब्द के समानार्थी शब्द होते हैं। जैसे - रात का पर्यायवाची निशा
  • अम्बरम् का पर्यायवाची शब्द है - अन्तरिक्षम्

अतः यहाँ अन्तरिक्षम् सही उत्तर है।

Additional Information

अन्य विकल्प -

• श्रवणः - सुनना
• इन्दुः - चन्द्रमा
• गजाननः - गणेश

A dynamo, which is also known as an electrical generator produces direct current through a commutator. It is basically a device which converts mechanical rotation into electric current according to Faraday’s law. 

​Radioactivity was discovered in 1896 by the French Scientist Henri Becquerel when he was working with phosphorescent materials. 

​Prednisone drug is used as an Anti-Inflammatory drug. It is used to treat a number of different conditions, such as inflammation (swelling), severe allergies, adrenal problems, arthritis, asthma, blood or bone marrow problems, endocrine problems, eye or vision problems, stomach or bowel problems, lupus, skin conditions, kidney problems, ulcerative colitis, and flare-ups of multiple sclerosis. 

The average of the last two numbers

Hence, Option A is correct.

Mathematics deals with various types of geometrical figures, shapes, and patterns. It studies in depth their correlation and dependency on each other.

• It involves the quantity, measurements, and spatial relationships of various components of mathematics.

India is a country of many diversities.

• We speak different languages, have various types of food, celebrate different festivals, practise different religions.
• India's diversity has always been recognised as a source of its strength.
• India's freedom struggle is a good example of India's diversity.
  • When the British ruled India, women and men from different cultural, religious and regional backgrounds came together to oppose them.
  • India's freedom movement had thousands of people of different backgrounds in it.
  • They worked together to decide joint actions, they went to jail together, and they found different ways to oppose the British.
  • Interestingly the British thought they could divide Indians because they were so different, and then continue to rule them.
  • But the people showed how they could be different and yet be united in their battle against the British.
• India's national anthem, composed by Rabindranath Tagore, is another expression of the unity of India.
• Our National anthem is surely an expression of national unity in the following ways:
  • It inculcates a sense of nationalism and love for one's country.
  • It was first sung in 1911, at the Congress session in Calcutta that symbolised the patriotic feeling of the people of the country bringing them together, against the British colonial rule. Later in 1950, the song was adopted as the National Anthem.
  • Composed by Rabindranath Tagore, our national anthem reflects the diversity of the country in terms of religions, languages, regions and how such a diversity forms our Motherland India.
  • It is our national anthem where people from varied backgrounds, irrespective of caste, creed, religion or sex stand up and sing in unison, paying respect and gratitude to the country.
  • It captures the very essence of our country.

From the above, it is clear that statements A, B, and C are correct.

The stone boulders are known as megaliths (literally big stones). 

• These were carefully arranged by people and were used to mark burial sites. 
• The practice of erecting megaliths began about 3000 years ago and were prevalent throughout the Deccan, south India, in the northeast and Kashmir.

While teaching in a class, very often you have to use tests to assess levels of learning of each and every student of your class. These tests are essential for making the assessment more continuous and comprehensive. The tests used in the annual secondary school certificate examination in all secondary schools of your state are examples of the standardized achievement test. The teacher made tests have more utility informative assessments.

Key Points

Some important functions of the teacher-made test are:

• To reflect on the day-to-day teaching-learning activities of the school.
• To develop more efficient learning-teaching strategies.
• To know the ability of the individual student. By knowing the abilities of the students, the teacher may be in an advantaged position to form different ability groups.
• To diagnose the students’ strengths and weaknesses, and helps the teacher to plan for compensatory (remedial) and enrichment programmes.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that one of the most important features of the teacher-created test is to develop more efficient learning-teaching strategies.

Operant Conditioning: Skinner (1904-1990) is the psychologist who has done the most to develop and apply the ideas originally proposed by Thorndike. Skinner continued and expanded Thorndike’s work and is credited with developing the theory we now call Operant Conditioning. 

• Contrary to the theories of both Watson and Pavlov (S-R theorists), Skinner believed that behaviors are manipulated when they are followed by either positive or negative reinforcement based on the schedule of reinforcement and the way of shaping behavior. 
• Whenever the lever is pressed, the animal is reinforced immediately by the application of a reward such as food. By progressively reinforcing the operant that comes closest to the goal behavior, a process called shaping.
• The reinforcement schedule refers to a set of rules which is used to increase the occurrence of acceptable behavior.
• Positive reinforcement increases desired behaviors by following them with rewards. For example, if rat food is dispensed every time a rat pushes a pedal, it will repeatedly push that same pedal to get more edible treats. The action of pushing the pedal, the desired behavior, has been reinforced with food.
• Negative reinforcement increases desired behaviors by allowing subjects to escape punishment through their performance. For example, if a rat received a painful electrical jolt that would not cease unless it pressed a pedal, it would begin to press it quickly following each initial jolt to relieve its pain. The action of pushing the pedal, the desired behavior, has again been reinforced, though by a different method than before.

Hence, we can conclude that all points differentiate Skinner from other S-R theorists.

Use of TV and video cassettes while teaching demonstrates that the teacher has good command over techniques of teaching.
Teaching is an art; but in a modern age, science has given us so many technologies, which can be used for teaching purpose and they are very helpful in explaining the concepts in a better way. A very good quality of a teacher is to use all these modern technologies for teaching.

Learning is not something that takes place within the boundaries of a classroom; rather it takes place anywhere, anytime, and from anyone. Learning may be defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as the result of prior experience.

Key Points One of the important characteristics of learning is that the acquisition of skills, habits, knowledge, and attitudes, influences the acquisition of new learning due to some kind of carry-over effect. The carrying over of feelings, habits, skills, and knowledge from one learning area to another is called transfer of training or learning. 

• The influence that learning one task may have on the subsequent learning of another is called transfer of learning.
• Sometimes the transfer of learning could be positive, negative, or zero.

Positive transfer of learning:-

• ​Positive transfer of learning is when learning on task does facilitate learning another. 
• For instance, school children, who memorize poems, mathematical tables, and other verbal material, show better learning of the similar new material as compared to the children who did not get previous training in memorization.

Negative transfer of learning:-

• Negative transfer occurs when the previous learning put hindrances in the performance of the subsequent task. The content, techniques, or principles which make for negative transfer are opposed to those required by the new situation.
• Here, the teacher taught plural of girl is girls with this learning the students make the plural of woman is womans, which is hindering the learning that plural of woman should be women.
• For instance, after the end of a year, most of us continue to write the previous year on our cheques for some time. If the telephone number of our friend changes, we often continue dialing their former number.

Zero transfer of learning:-

• ​The zero transfer refers to the fact that previous learning has no effect on subsequent learning. e.g.: a cricketer who improves his bowling skills is not expected to transfer this skill to improve this batting skill.

Thus, it is concluded that A teacher taught the students that the plural of ‘girl’ is ‘girls’ with this learning the students make plural of 'woman' is ‘womans’. This is an example of which negative transfer of learning.

According to the theories of motivation, a teacher can enhance learning by setting realistic expectation from students. This is because a teacher’s expectation have a strong effect on the performance of his/her students. The expectation of a teacher from his/her students works as a motivational force for them which in turns results of better performance.

World Poetry Day is celebrated on March 21 every year. This day is significant as it honours the role of poetry in cultural and linguistic expression. It was adopted by UNESCO in 1999 to promote linguistic diversity, revive poetry traditions, and increase awareness and understanding of endangered languages. The theme for World Poetry Day 2024 is "Standing on the Shoulders of Giants," highlighting the influence and inspiration that past poets have on contemporary poetry.

The correct answer is 28th January 1950.

Key Points

• The Supreme Court in India was established under the Regulating Act, of 1773.
• The Regulating Act of 1773 established a Supreme Court at Fort William, Calcutta.
• Harilal Jekisundas Kania was the first Chief Justice of India.
• On the 28th of January, 1950, two days after India became the Sovereign Democratic Republic, the Supreme Court came into being.
• The inauguration took place in the Chamber of Princes in the Parliament building which also housed India's Parliament, consisting of the Council of States and the House of the People.
• In the Chamber of Princes, the Federal Court of India had sat for 12 years between 1937 and 1950.
• This was to be the home of the Supreme Court for years that were to follow until the Supreme Court acquired its own present premises.
• It replaced both the Federal Court of India and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.
• The First proceedings took place on 28 January 1950 at 9:45 am.​

The correct answer is Curvature of the lens.

Important Points

• Focal length of a lens depends on its curvature and the medium outside the lens.

Additional Information

• The ability of a lens to converge or diverge light rays depends on its focal length.
  • For example, a convex lens of short focal length bends the light rays through large angles, by focussing them closer to the optical centre.
  • Similarly, the concave lens of a very short focal length causes a higher divergence than the one with a longer focal length.
• The degree of convergence or divergence of light rays achieved by a lens is expressed in terms of its power.
  • The power of a lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length.

The Correct Answer is Magnetic Force.

Key Points

• Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) is one of the most popular medical imaging methods used in the world at many diagnostic centers.
• These MRI scanners use strong magnetic fields, gradients of the magnetic field, and radio waves to produce images of the organs inside the body.
• The magnetic force is a component of the electromagnetic force, one of nature's four basic forces, which is induced by charge movement.
• There would be a magnetic force of attraction between two objects containing charge in the same direction of motion, while objects in charge traveling in opposite directions have between them a repulsive force.

Hence, the data is inadequate.

The Logic followed here is:

The third number = The First number × (second number ÷ 2)

In Row 1:- 10, 4, 20

The third number = 10 × (4 ÷ 2)

= 10 × 2 = 20

In Row 2:- 15, 8, 60

The third number = 15 × (8 ÷ 2)

= 15 × 4 = 60

Similarly,

In Row 3:- 25, 8, ?

The third number = 25 × (8 ÷ 2)

? = 25 × 4 = 100

Hence, the correct answer is "100".

Additional Information 

The most common pattern asked in exams are based on:

• It could be the sum of two numbers divided by a constant
• It could be the average of numbers.
• It could be in the form of alphabets, where alphabets are increased by constant or increased by the square of numbers or increased by prime numbers.
• It could be the difference of product of two diametrically opposite numbers.
• It could be the difference in the sum of adjacent numbers.
• The difference of the numbers could be in the pattern 13 ± 1, 23 ± 1,  and so on.
• The difference of the numbers could be in the pattern 12 ± 1, 22 ± 1, and so on.
• Numbers could be 12, 22, 32, and so on or 13, 23, 33, and so on.
• The difference could be prime numbers or the difference could be the square of prime numbers.
• The difference could be in the form of N2 ± N or N3 ± N.
• The difference could be in the form of ×N + N or ×2 + 1, ×2 + 2, ×2 + 3, and so on.
• The difference could be in the form of ×2 ± 1 alternatively.
• Numbers could be ×1, ×2, ×3, and so on. 

Diversity in literary terms means differences. The term diversity, when used in discourse related to people or communities or in social contexts is more specific, indicates that a group of people is made up of individuals who are different from each other in some way or the other or it means collective differences among people, that is, those differences which mark off one group of people from another.

• For example, differences in culture, language, gender, appearance (e.g. skin color, hair type) lifestyle, social and economic status, family structure, abilities, (e.g. physical, social, creative, and intellectual), values, and beliefs.

Key Points

Role of teacher in celebrating diversity in the classroom:

• The role of the teacher in the diverse classroom is based on a value system that:
  • welcomes, respects, and celebrates diversity arising from gender, nationality, race, the language of origin, social background, religion, class and caste, level of educational achievement, disability, etc.
• A teacher is expected:
  • to transfer the understanding and position about diversity into the classroom processes,
  • to identify and recognize the threads of diversity among learners to address the corresponding issues and challenges concerning curriculum design,
  • teaching-learning practices and processes, and learning materials so that subsequently the different learning needs of children are met.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that To deal with diversity in her classroom a teacher needs tobe sensitive to the social and cultural context of the students.

Remedial teaching: During learning, a child makes mistakes willingly-unwillingly or due to some alternative conceptions. It is the job of a teacher to help students to correct those mistakes after diagnosing them. The method so followed is known as remedial teaching. The following are its characteristics:

• It can be used for removing writing errors. Providing students worksheets with partially solved problems to complete the missing gaps at the initial stage.
• To rectify a particular problem area, it can be used.
• It is carried out after the identification of problems and challenges faced by students.
• A teacher should be well aware of students’ strengths and weaknesses to apply this method.
• It is a systematic process as the teacher first diagnoses the problem of students and then applies appropriate remedial methods.

Hence, we conclude that providing students worksheets with partially solved problems to complete the missing gaps at the initial stage is the best remedial method for the above-mentioned problem.

NCERT (National Council of Educational Research and Training)

• Headquarters: New Delhi.
• Founder: Government of India.
• Founded: 1961.
• NCERT isan autonomous organization of the Government of India, established on 1st September 1961 to assist the government on academic matters.
• NCERT is an organization that looks after various programs meant for imparting quality education at the national level.
• NCERT interacts with International Organizations like UNICEF, UNESCO, NFPA etc., for organizing certain programmes and training.

Key Points

The main objectives of the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) are to:

• organize pre-service and in-service training of teachers
• develop and disseminate innovative educational techniques and practices
• act as a nodal agency for achieving goals ofuniversalization of elementary education

• undertake, aid, promote and coordinate research in areas related to school education
• prepare and publish model textbooks, supplementary material, newsletters, journals, and other related literature
• collaborate and network with state educational departments, universities, NGOs, and other educational institutions

NCERT is meant for research in education.