KVS TGT Science Mock Test - 5 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

Fell foul of: to get into trouble because of failing to do what is required by (the law, a rule, etc.).
Run the rule over: examine cursorily for correctness or adequacy.
Strike a chord: cause someone to feel sympathy, emotion, or enthusiasm.
Stir up a hornets' nest: to do something which causes a lot of controversy or produces a situation which is extremely difficult to deal with.
Hence, the correct answer is option B. 

The sentence "I saw him leaving the house" is in the active voice.

The correct option that expresses the same sentence in the passive voice is:

A. He was seen leaving the house by me.

The correct option to mark the synonym of the word "Vehement" is: Answer: D. Forceful Explanation: - Vehement: characterized by strong feelings or intense passion; forceful or intense in expression, emotion, or conviction. - Thorough: complete with regard to every detail; not superficial or partial. - Smooth-running: operating without problems. - Airy: light and breezy, not heavy or oppressive. The synonym of "Vehement" is "Forceful" because both words describe strong or intense feelings, expressions, or emotions. The other options do not share the same meaning.

Answer: a. Explanation: - The correct preposition to use in this sentence is "behind." - "Behind" is used to indicate the location of something at the back or rear of another object or place. - In this case, the apple trees are located at the back of the house. Using the other options: - B: "in" would imply that the apple trees are inside the house, which is not correct. - C: "on" would suggest that the apple trees are on top of the house, which is also incorrect. - D: "at" does not properly describe the location of the trees in relation to the house, making it an incorrect choice as well.

Reasons why a computer may not print:
1. The printer is not plugged in:
- The printer may not be connected to a power source or to the computer.
- Check if the printer is properly plugged into a power outlet and that the USB cable is securely connected to the computer.
2. Incorrect printer selection:
- It is possible that the wrong printer is selected when attempting to print.
- Ensure that the correct printer is chosen from the list of available printers in the print settings.
3. Printer jam or attention required:
- The printer may be experiencing a paper jam or require maintenance.
- Check if there are any error messages on the printer's display panel and follow any instructions provided.
- Clear any paper jams and ensure that there is enough paper in the tray.
- If the printer needs maintenance, such as replacing ink or toner cartridges, follow the manufacturer's instructions.
Summary:
When a computer is unable to print, it is likely due to one or more of the following reasons: the printer not being plugged in, incorrect printer selection, or a printer jam or other maintenance issue. By checking these factors and resolving any issues, you should be able to get the printer working again.

The operating system is also called the Interface between the user and the computer.
Explanation:
- An operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
- It acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer, allowing the user to interact with the computer hardware and software.
- The operating system provides a user-friendly interface that enables users to perform various tasks and access computer resources easily.
- It translates user commands and instructions into a language that the computer can understand and execute.
- The operating system also manages and allocates system resources such as memory, processing power, and input/output devices.
- It allows users to run multiple programs simultaneously and ensures that they do not interfere with each other.
- The operating system also handles system errors, manages file systems, and provides security features to protect the computer and user data.
- Overall, the operating system serves as a bridge between the user and the computer, enabling efficient and effective communication and interaction.

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is the Government of India's flagship program started in 2001 for the achievement of Universalization of Elementary Education (UEE).

Key Points

• It makes free and compulsory education for the Children of the 6-14 years age group, a Fundamental Right.
• It is mandated by the 86th  Constitutional amendment of India.
• It involves the provision to make associations such as Parent Teacher Association (PTA) and Mother Teacher Association (MTA).

Hence, both I and II are involved under SSA. Option 2 is the correct solution.

Additional InformationSarva Shiksha Abhiyan has the following objectives:

• It aims to open new schools in those habitations where there are no schooling facilities.
• It aims to strengthen the existing school infrastructure
• It aims to provide alternate schooling facilities
• It aims to construct new schools
• It aims to add additional classrooms, toilets, and drinking water facilities in the schools
• It aims to maintain school improvement grants
• It aims to provide free textbooks and uniforms to the children
• It aims to enhance and strengthen the skills and capacity of the existing teachers in the schools through:
  • Extensive Training
  • Materials for teachers-learning are developed by maintaining the grants
  • academic support structures at a cluster, block, and district level are being strengthened
• Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat is a sub-program of SSA. 

The tools that are employed to spread culture and really pass it along are agents of socialization. Agents are therefore individuals, groups, and institutions that aid in our understanding of the social environment. Key Points

• Although the family may also include close friends and/or neighbors, it is more common for it to consist of parents, siblings, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, etc. These family members impart the necessary knowledge to a youngster. They teach the child how to use things like clothing, computers, eating utensils, books, and bikes as well as how to relate to others (some as "family," others as "friends," still others as "strangers," teachers, or neighbors), as well as how the world functions (what is "real" and what is "imagined."
• The process of socialization is not just limited to the family. It consists of a range of groups and institutions through which people learn the culture of their society.
• The most significant institution for delivering formal education is the school. It is referred to as a social transformation organization. Children are socialized in schools via lessons on citizenship and pride in one's country.
• One other socializing tool is the media. Our political opinions, popular cultural preferences, and perceptions of women, people of color, and homosexual people, among many other beliefs and behaviors, are influenced by television programmes, motion pictures, popular music, magazines, websites, and other forms of mass media. Media helps children to directly interact with the world through various online portals.

Hence, it is concluded that Both 2 and 3 are the correct option.

Any object or material that is used to facilitate learning and teaching can be considered as teaching-learning material (TLM).

Key Points

TLM is also categorized based on projected, non-projected, or experiential. 

(I) Projected aids: Movies, epidiascope, the magic lantern, micro-projectors and projection with the overhead projectors, LCD projector are examples of projected aids.

(ii) Non-projected aids: Chalkboard, felt board, bulletin board, photographs, posters, maps, charts, and textbook illustrations, come under non-projected aids. 

(III) Experiential aids: Field trips, educational tours, visiting important institutions and industries, observing experiments, etc.

Important Points

• Bulletin boards are a type of display board that is more of a non-projected visual aid.
• They contain student contributions that should be well-labeled and encouraged.
• They should be frequently changed and must be properly dated to make sure that it does not stay on the board for the time exceeding the actual desired time.
• Materials posted in bulletin boards should be changed frequently and systematically.

Hence, we can conclude that Bulletin boards are a type of projected aids is not correct.

School assembly is an integral part of the school’s daily activities, eventually a part of the school’s first activity of the day.

Key Points 

• School assembly brings the entire school population together to provide important information, enhance school spirit, and foster a sense of community within the school.
• It provides an effective means to impart information to the entire school community at one time. The school assembly should be of good quality since it is one of the most important aspects of a school’s curriculum.
• It has to be planned in a way that nurtures a positive school ethos that stresses care for the self, others, and the pursuit of all forms of excellence. Then it nurtures the development of intrapersonal intelligence.
• The leader of the assembly must ensure appropriate pupil behavior and attitude. Assembly can be based on a yearly plan that incorporates monthly values and weekly themes.

Hence, it is clear that an activity that brings the entire school population together to provide important information, enhance school spirit, and foster a sense of community within the school is best known as school assembly.

Additional Information

• Parents teachers association is a meeting between parents and teachers to involve the parents in children's academics as well as to reform the school systems.
• School plan is a statement of the educational philosophy of the school, its mission aims and how it proposes to achieve them. It deals with the total curriculum and with the organization of all the school's resources, including staff, space, library, laboratory and other facilities, equipment, time and finance.

Distributive leadership is an effective leadership style in shaping positive behavior which is psychological capital. It is a good practice when a headmaster implements distributive leadership as it is a form of preparation for other teachers who will become administrators in the future.

• Once teachers have been exposed to leadership roles and responsibilities, they will be more willing to shoulder the responsibilities of a headmaster in the future.
• Therefore, recommended that distributive leadership should not only be practiced among headmasters but also be enhanced, especially for the aspect of sharing the mission, vision, and goals of the school.

Key Points 

This study has produced five main themes:

• Designation and Sharing of School Missions, Visions, and Goals: This theme is determined and produced through the results of the interview and focus group analysis. The theme was also triggered when three categories were formed and identified which are facilities, organization management, and commitment. 
• Sharing of Responsibilities: It also shows that these elements can improve the psychology or positive behavior of the teacher. This leadership practice can bring changes to teachers and help teachers to improve the quality of teaching and learning.
• Giving Positive Changes to Teachers and Students: It indirectly helps teachers to improve professionalism, develop good character and create positive changes through the policies of empowerment, training, and guidance provided. Teachers also have the opportunity to improve their self-efficacy as educators and leaders.
• Giving Changes to Teachers to Develop Leadership Skills: A teacher with high determination can take up challenges. As a result, the willingness and efficiency of teachers will increase as they receive continuous opportunities and guidance from the school community. Effective communication and interaction among the leaders and teachers will boost confidence among teachers to develop their leadership skills.
• Cooperation Coordination and Mutual Understanding: Distributive leadership can also be illustrated through cooperation, trust, and consensus in managing the organization. The discretion of leaders helps teachers to decide whenever a discussion takes place. Consensus is the main element and the need to achieve this leadership style.

Hence, it is clear that the centralization of responsibilities is not a theme of distributive leadership.

Its equal to no.of protons but mass number =no.of protons +no.of neutrons

The chemical formula of Nitrogen is N but Nitrogen exists in the molecule of two ions hence the chemical symbol of Nitrogen gas is written as N_2.

The general formula of monohydric alcohols is C_nH2_n+1OH where n = 1, 2, 3… etc.. or R-OH where R is any alkyl group.
Alcohols are formed by replacement of 1 hydrogen atom from hydrocarbons.

 Large amount of fossil fuels are burnt every day in power stations to heat up water to produce steam which further runs the turbine to generate electricity.

Oxygen is a component of many organic and inorganic molecules within the plant, and is acquired in many forms. Plants produce oxygen gas (O2) along with glucose during photosynthesis but then require O2 to undergo aerobic cellular respiration and break down this glucose to produce ATP.

An artificial kidney works by employing a system of tubes with a semi-permeable lining that are immersed in a tank filled with dialysing fluid. As the patient's blood passes through these tubes, waste products diffuse into the dialysing fluid, effectively removing nitrogenous wastes from the blood. This process mimics the natural function of the kidneys in filtering the blood and maintaining the body's internal balance.

Organism receiving identical alleles of a particular gene from both parents is a homozygote.
Explanation:
- Homozygote: An organism that receives identical alleles for a particular gene from both parents is called a homozygote.
- Homozygotes can be either homozygous dominant (having two dominant alleles) or homozygous recessive (having two recessive alleles).
- In a homozygote, both alleles are the same, resulting in the expression of the same trait or characteristic.
- The alleles received from each parent can be either dominant or recessive, but they are always identical.
- Homozygotes are often used in genetic studies to understand the inheritance patterns of specific traits.
- The opposite of a homozygote is a heterozygote, where an organism receives different alleles for a particular gene from each parent.
- Homozygotes can be advantageous in some cases, such as when the identical alleles provide resistance to a particular disease or increase fitness in a specific environment.

With depth, g₁ = g {1− (d)/R}

As depth d goes on increasing, g1 goes on decreasing, it remains maximum at the surface of Earth. The above equation is in the form of a straight line.

With height, g₂ = g (1 − 2h/R) = g − 2gh/R

g₂ ∝ 1/R (Hyperbola)

Acceleration due to gravity goes on decreasing as the h above Earth surface increases.

H = Pt

Genes play a crucial role in controlling characteristics or traits of organisms by providing instructions for making specific proteins. Proteins are essential molecules that perform a wide range of functions in the body, including regulating growth, metabolism, and other processes that ultimately determine an organism's physical appearance, behavior, and other traits.

72.f = - 0.2 m, v = + 0.3 mThe lens formula 1v - 1u = 1f
 1u = 1v - 1f = 10.3 + 10.2
   = 0.50/006 
u = 0.12 m

Characteristics of cathode rays are:

(i) The cathode rays start from cathode and move towards the anode.

(ii) These rays themselves are not visible but their behaviour can be observed with the help of phosphor materials such as ZnS.

(iii) In the absence of electrical or magnetic field, these rays travel in straight lines.

(iv) In the presence of electrical or magnetic field, the behaviour of cathode rays are similar to that expected from negatively charged particles, suggesting that the cathode rays consist of negatively charged particles, called electrons.

(v) The characteristics of cathode rays (electrons) do not depend upon the material of electrodes and the nature of the gas present in the cathode ray tube.
Correct answer is C.

When a body moves with constant speed its acceleration is zero . The body is said to be accelerating if it moves in a uniform circular motion. The slope of the velocity- time graph gives Instantaneous acceleration . All the given statements are correct. Therefore ,  option ( d) is correct answer.

The amount of solar energy received by India is a whopping 5000 trillion KWH per year . But due to India's land usage pattern, the country's harness-able solar power potential has been estimated to be 750 GW.

Cellular respiration is the process of breaking sugar into a form that the cell can use as energy. This happens in all forms of life. Cellular respiration takes in food and uses it to create ATP, a chemical which the cell uses for energy. Usually, this process uses oxygen, and is called aerobic respiration.

Solar energy leads to least environmental pollution during the process of its harnessing and utilisation.

In order for cells to function and survive, their organelles work together to carry out specific tasks and perform specific roles. Each organelle has its own role that contributes to the survival of the cell. This is called thr Division of labour. 

Type of Epithelial Cells Responsible for Absorption in the Intestine
The type of epithelial cells responsible for absorption in the intestine are columnar epithelium. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Structure of Columnar Epithelium:
- Columnar epithelium is a single layer of tall, rectangular-shaped cells.
- These cells have elongated nuclei located near the base of the cells.
- They are tightly packed together, forming a barrier between the lumen (inside) of the intestine and the underlying tissue.
2. Function of Columnar Epithelium:
- Columnar epithelium is specialized for absorption and secretion.
- The tall shape of the cells increases the surface area available for absorption.
- Microvilli, tiny finger-like projections on the surface of the cells, further increase the surface area for absorption.
3. Absorption in the Intestine:
- The intestine is responsible for the absorption of nutrients from the digested food.
- The columnar epithelial cells lining the intestine play a crucial role in this process.
- Nutrients such as sugars, proteins, and fats are absorbed by these cells through active transport and diffusion.
- Once absorbed, the nutrients enter the bloodstream and are transported to various parts of the body to provide energy and support cellular functions.
4. Adaptations of Columnar Epithelium for Absorption:
- The presence of microvilli greatly increases the surface area for absorption.
- The columnar shape of the cells allows for efficient absorption and secretion.
- The cells are held together by tight junctions, preventing leakage of absorbed nutrients.
In conclusion, columnar epithelial cells are responsible for the absorption of nutrients in the intestine. Their specialized structure and adaptations enable efficient absorption of nutrients from the digested food.

The reason for this gas solubility relationship with temperature is very similar to the reason that vapor pressure increases with temperature. Increased temperature causes an increase in kinetic energy. The higher kinetic energy causes more motion in molecules which break intermolecular bonds and escape from solution. As the temperature increases, the solubility of a gas decreases.