KVS TGT Social Science Mock Test - 4 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

Tongue in cheek: a humorous or sarcastic statement expressed in a serious manner; in an ironic, flippant, or insincere way.
Above someone’s station: higher than suitable for position or rank.
Agitate the gravel: to get angry.
Be thin on the ground: exist in small numbers or amounts.
Hence, the correct answer is option A. 

शब्द जब वाक्य में प्रयुक्त होने की योग्यता प्राप्त करता है; तो पद कहलाता है।Key Points

• जब कोई शब्द व्याकरण के नियमो, प्रत्यय, उपसर्ग,वचन,लिंग,कारक,पुरुष आदि में बंधकर किसी वाक्य मे प्रयुक्त होता है तो वह शब्द स्वतंत्र शब्द न रहकर पद बन जाता है।
• उदाहरण - ईश्वर रक्षा करे, इसमें ईश्वर शब्द पद है।

Additional Information

उपर्युक्त में से उत्क्षिप्त व्यंजन है - 'ड़, ढ़'

• उत्क्षिप्त का अर्थ होता है फेंकना या फेंका हुआ है।
• अतः वें व्यंजन जिनके उच्चारण में जिह्वा का अग्र भाग वेग से ऊपर उठकर मूर्धा से टकराकर तुरन्त उसी वेग से नीचे लौट आता है,
• उन्हें उत्क्षिप्त व्यंजन के साथ ताड़नजात व्यंजन या द्विस्पृष्ट व्यंजन भी कहते हैं।
• सिर्फ 'ड़, ढ़' ताड़नजात व्यंजन या द्विस्पृष्ट व्यंजन कहते हैं।न

Key Pointsकुछ महत्वपूर्ण वर्ण के उच्चारण-स्थान:-

• कंठ्य (गले से) :- क, ख, ग, घ, ङ
• तालव्य (कठोर तालु से) :- च, छ, ज, झ, ञ, य, श
• मूर्धन्य (कठोर तालु के अगले भाग से) :- ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण, ड़, ढ़, ष
• दंत्य (दाँतों से) :- त, थ, द, ध, न
• वर्त्स्य (दाँतों के मूल से) :- स, र, ल
• ओष्ठय (दोनों होंठों से) :- प, फ, फ़, ब, भ, म
• दंतौष्ठय (निचले होंठ व ऊपरी दाँतों से) :- व

Chief Minister Prof Dr. Manik Saha inaugurated the 2nd State Level Shehri Samridhi Utsav in Agartala, organized by Tripura Urban Livelihood Mission. The event focuses on enhancing urban livelihood opportunities and empowering women in the region. Chief Minister Prof Dr. Manik Saha highlighted state government initiatives supporting women’s empowerment during the inauguration at Children’s Park, Agartala.

The Heisman Trophy is awarded annually to the most outstanding player in college football in the United States.

The Ganges River, originating from Gangotri Glacier, is the longest river in India, measuring around 2525 km in length.

Explanation:
The report footing is the label printed at the end of a report. It serves as a way to identify the end of the report and can include information such as the page number, date, and other details.
Key Points:
- The report footing is different from the report heading, which is the label printed at the beginning of a report.
- The report footing is located at the end of the report, usually at the bottom of the last page.
- It provides important information such as the page number, date, and any other relevant details.
- The report footing helps to organize and structure the report, making it easier for readers to navigate and refer to specific sections.
- It is important to ensure that the report footing is clear, concise, and accurately reflects the content of the report.
- The report footing can be customized according to the specific requirements of the report or the organization's guidelines.
- Including a report footing is a common practice in professional reports to provide a professional and polished look to the document.

Term for changing the direction of a clip art image:
The term used when a clip art image changes the direction it faces is called flipping or mirroring.
Explanation:
When a clip art image changes its direction, it means that it is being reflected horizontally or vertically. This can be done to create a mirror image of the original clip art or to change its orientation.
- Flip: Flipping is the process of changing the direction of a clip art image. It can be done horizontally (left to right) or vertically (top to bottom).
- Rotate: Rotation refers to changing the angle or orientation of a clip art image. It involves rotating the image by a certain degree around a fixed point.
- Group: Grouping is a different concept and not related to changing the direction of a clip art image. Grouping refers to combining multiple objects or elements together to form a single unit.
In this case, the correct answer is option D: Both (a) and (b) - which means the term used is "flip" and it is also known as "group" when combined with other clip art images.
Summary:
The term used when a clip art image changes the direction it faces is flipping or mirroring. This allows for horizontal or vertical reflection of the image. The term "rotate" refers to changing the angle or orientation of the image, while "group" refers to combining multiple clip art images together.

Development is a lifelong process that occurs in various domains, such as physical development, social development, emotional development, cognitive development, etc. 

Key Points

• Anxiety, stress and fatigue influence emotional development. 
• Fatigue has a direct relationship with emotions. When tired, people generally feel frustrated when talked to. 
• Anxiety is the major outcome of imbalances in emotional well-being. 
• Stress about a particular thing majorly impacts the emotional area of development. 
• Although stress can harm the physical health of an individual. 
• It can result in improper emotional development. 

Thus, it can be concluded option C is the correct answer.  

Childhood begins when the relative dependency of babyhood is over, at approximately the age of two years, and extends to the time when the child becomes sexually mature, at about thirteen years on average for a girl and fourteen for a boy. After children become sexually mature, they are known as adolescents.Key Points

• During this long period of time about eleven years for girls and twelve years for boys, marked changes occur in the child both physically and psychologically.
• As boys begin their puberty growth spurt approximately a year later than girls, they tend to be slightly
  shorter and lighter in weight than girls of the same age.
• The growth spurt is completed in girls around the age of 17-19 years as the growth spurt starts in them early all changes happen in them till the age of 19.
• Boys begin growing later than girls and carry on for longer, after the girls have stopped growing. The growth spurt in boys begins around 13- 14 years and ends at 16-17 years.

​​​​Hence, statement I is correct. 

Human development refers to the psychosocial, physical, and cognitive development of humans. It extends to the entire lifespan of humans. Physical development of humans involves growth and changes in the brain and the body including sense organs, motor skills, health, etc. 

• Motor development occurs in an orderly sequence as infants move from reflexive reactions (e.g., sucking and rooting) to more advanced motor functioning. This development proceeds in a cephalocaudal (from head-down) and proximodistal (from centre-out) direction.

Important Points

Motor development is divided into two groups:

• Gross motor development: The development of gross motor skills is concerned with strength and speed as it refers to the development of larger muscles like arms and legs for bigger movements such as walking, jumping, etc.
• Fine motor development: The development of fine motor skills is concerned with flexibility and dexterity as it refers to the development of small muscles like wrists and fingers for smaller movements such as writing, grasping small objects, etc.

Hence, it can be concluded that the chronological growth from reflexive reactions to more advanced functioning is termed motor development.

Individual differences are the psychological characteristics that differentiate one person from another. Each person has their own personality, identity, values, and their own unique characteristics i.e., each one possesses a different level of intelligence and aptitudes. 

•  It is very important for a teacher to know the individual differences among students for an effective and productive teaching-learning process.
• The knowledge of individual differences will help a teacher to adjust the curriculum, teaching strategies, and methods for the benefit of students.

Key Points​ Achievement differences refer to the disparity in academic performance between students.

Following are the practices that are important to reduce achievement differences among students:-

• Having high expectations from all students and to reward them for their accomplishment:- Teachers having high expectations and students getting rewarded for their good work leads to the student's achievement. They are encouraged to learn more and more.
• Interesting teaching incorporating a variety of learning aids:- Teaching becomes interesting when a teacher uses different learning aids because it directly involves the student in the teaching-learning process.
• Promoting student engagement and involvement in school:-Student engagement contributes to a safe, positive, and creative school climate and culture AND enhances their achievement in studies.

Thus, it is concluded that Not giving students autonomy to choose their own activities during class practice is considered least important to reduce achievement differences among students.

Hint Not giving students autonomy to choose their own activities during class is least important to reduce achievement differences as autonomy should be provided to the students in the class as it will lead to higher level of acheivement,motivation and learning.

A variety of ways and approaches to organising a social studies curriculum have been tried out. Each one of these has some limitations and strengths. It is the responsibility of the teacher to ensure the achievement of objectives according to learners' needs, age level as well as societal and national-international demands. Rigidity in organising the curriculum in a singular manner will generate an imbalance in achieving the goals earlier stated. The following section will focus on the various approaches of curriculum organisation of social studies and the governing factors in adopting alternative approaches too.

Key Points Integrated Approach:

• It responds to the changing nature of the scientific study. An integrated approach can design the instruction in consonance with children's stages of mental growth.
• Secondly, it is more likely to maintain focus on enhancing individual goals and promoting social goals. Thirdly, advances in scientific knowledge have broken boundaries between traditional academic disciplines and new disciplines.
• For example, areas such as political behaviour, economic history and cultural geography have taken the place of old singular disciplines, and new fields of studies like population studies, environmental studies, global studies, etc., have emerged and they draw their content from various traditional disciplines. Hence, the integrated approach is being justified on the above grounds.

Integration in the organisation of content can be achieved in many ways but at least three alternatives that are significant should be noted:

• Integrating while preserving discipline identification
• Integration through social science concepts and generalisations
• Integration through unification

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that the objective can be fulfilled by an integrated approach. 

A teacher has a lot of responsibilities except teaching. The teacher is a pillar in the teaching-learning process. In the present context, a teacher is not merely a disseminator of knowledge, rather plays a variety of roles. Due to the paradigm shift in the teaching-learning process, the teacher’s role has become more challenging due to increasing expectations.

Important Point

If the principal orders a teacher to improve the annual examination result of your class, then I will motivate my students to get good marks in the annual examination.

• Without motivation, learning is not possible. For good learning, motivation is an important factor.
• Motivation stimulates students for learning. A teacher, needless to say, plays a very vital role in this process as she can make the child if she is not able to provide the necessary help and direction.
• A well-motivated child always learns to utilize his potential to the optimum by constantly working on his strengths.
• The success of a child depends, to a large extent, on the role a teacher plays in his formative years. So, I will motivate my students to perform well in the annual examination.

Hint

• Accept the order and do extra labor with your students:- It's not about accepting the order, it is the teacher's responsibility to do teach the students efficiently and do extra labor with weak students.
• Not follow the order, remain aloof as there is no such condition in your appointment letter:- It is unethical to not follow the order of the principal, it is the teacher's duty.
• Provide an opportunity to your students to copy in the examination:- It is illegal to allow students to copy in the examination.

Thus, it is concluded that If the principal orders a teacher to improve the annual examination result of your class, then I will motivate my students to get good marks in the annual examination.

Assessment is a process of collecting, receiving, and using data for the purpose of improvement in the learning process.

• Assessment is a systematic way of collecting information to make a judgment about student learning.
• It is integral to the teaching-learning process which helps in facilitating student learning and improving instruction.

Important Points

There are mainly two types of assessment:-

Hint

• To know children's progress, assessment for learning can be utilized and to know the achievement level, assessment of learning can be utilized.

Hence, it could be concluded that teacher can utilize both assessment for learning and assessment of learning to know children's progress and achievement level.

The Latin meaning of the word curriculum is a "race course" used by Chariots. It is defined as any path or course of study to be undertaken by an educational institution, to be covered in a specific time frame. 

•  Curriculum is defined as a systematic group of courses or sequences of subjects required for graduation or certification in a major field of study. 

Key PointsMarsh and Stafford (1988) highlighted three dimensions of the curriculum-

1. Curriculum includes not only a list of contents but also the aims and objectives, learning experiences, and evaluation.
2. Curriculum comprises planning learning. 
3. Curriculum and instruction can not be separated.

Hence, we conclude that according to marsh and Stafford there are three dimensions of curriculum.

The term “rehabilitation” refers to a process aimed at enabling persons with disabilities to reach and maintain their optimal physical, sensory, intellectual, psychiatric, and social functional levels, thus providing them with the tools to change their lives towards a higher level of independence.

Key Points

• Rehabilitation is defined as “a set of interventions designed to optimize functioning and reduce disability in individuals with health conditions in interaction with their environment".
• Rehabilitation helps a child, adult, or older person to be as independent as possible in everyday activities and enables participation in education, work, recreation, and meaningful life roles such as taking care of family.
• It is done by addressing underlying conditions (such as pain) and improving the way individual functions in everyday life, supporting them to overcome difficulties with thinking, seeing, hearing, communicating, eating or moving around.
• Rehabilitation helps to minimize or slow down the disabling effects of chronic health conditions, by equipping people with self-management strategies and the assistive products they require, or by addressing pain or other complications.
• Rehabilitation is not only for people with long-term or physical impairments. Rather, rehabilitation is a core health service for anyone with an acute or chronic health condition, impairment, or injury that limits functioning, and as such should be available for anyone who needs it.

Thus, it is concluded that process aimed at enabling persons with disabilities to reach and maintain their optimal physical, sensory, intellectual, and social functional levels is rehabilitation.

Additional Information

• Preservation is the act or process of keeping something safe from damage or deterioration.
• Conservation is the careful use of natural resources (such as trees, oil, etc.) to prevent them from being lost or wasted.
• Integration is the act of bringing together smaller components into a single system that functions as one.

Community participation:

“An emphasis on participation has links with the interest in democracy in community organization and in self-help and political incorporation in the community developmental aspects.” 

The World Bank (2000b) describes participation as “a. process through which the stakeholders influence and share control over development initiatives and the decisions and resources which affect them”

In the educational history of education community participation in education is not new. It is important to discuss what community is in terms of educational points of view. 

• Communities can be defined by characteristics that members share, such as culture, language, tradition, law, geography, class, and race.
• Community participation in education is viewed as an effective means of promoting education both in qualitative and qualitative terms.
• Community is a group structure, whether formally or informally organized, in which members play roles that are integrated around goals associated with the problems from collective occupation and utilization of habitudinal space, second, members of the community have some degree of collective identification with the occupied space.
• Communities based on shared family or educational concerns, which include parents association and similar bodies that are based on families shared concern for the welfare of students.

Benefits of community participation in schooling:

1. Where communities participate, there are improved school facilities, increased accountability among school personnel, and improved capacity of participants.
2. Community participation in education helps to identify issues and problems in school education. 
3. According to a recent policy brief from the National Education Association (NEA), “when schools, parents, families, and communities work together to support learning, students tend to earn higher grades, attend school more regularly, stay in school longer, and enroll in higher-level programs”.

Conclusion: 

Community participation in education in India can be termed mostly as legislated participation, as people's participation is being promoted through constitutional provisions and program guidelines. The main objective of participatory development is to increase the involvement of socially and economically marginalized people in making decisions regarding their own lives. The assumption is that the participatory approach empowers people with the skills and confiden.

Leadership style is the pattern of behavior that a leader exhibits, in influencing his/her subordinates toward the goals of an organization. Leadership style changes from group to group and also from situation to situation. 

Key PointsThe transformational leadership style encourages and inspires group members to go above and beyond selfish interests and do the best for the common good of the group.

• It is a process that changes and transforms individuals.
• It is concerned with values, ethics, standards, and long-term goals.
• It involves assessing followers' motives, satisfying their needs, and treating them as full human beings.
• It is a process that subsumes charismatic and visionary leadership.
• Transformational leadership is an all-encompassing approach that can be used to describe a wide range of leadership, from very specific attempts to influence at a one-to-one level to very broad attempts to influence the whole organization and even the entire culture.
• Though all the new theories of leadership are equally important for providing efficient leadership to present and future organizations, transformational leadership achieved greater popularity.

Thus, it is concluded that the transformational leadership style encourages and inspires group members to go above and beyond selfish interests and do the best for the common good of the group.

The correct answer is Article 32.

Key Points

• Article 32:
  • Article 32 deals with the ‘Right to Constitutional Remedies’ or affirms the right to move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of the rights conferred in Part III of the Constitution.
  • It states that the Supreme Court “shall have the power to issue directions or orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto, and certiorari, whichever may be appropriate, for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by this Part”.
  • The right guaranteed by this Article “shall not be suspended except as otherwise provided for by this Constitution”.
• ​Article 30:
  • All minorities, whether based on religion or language, shall have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.
  • In making any law providing for the compulsory acquisition of any property of an educational institution established and administered by a minority referred to in clause (1), the State shall ensure that the amount fixed by or determined under such law for the acquisition of such property is such as would not restrict or abrogate the right guaranteed under that clause.
  • The State shall not, in granting aid to educational institutions, discriminate against any educational institution on the ground that it is under the management of a minority, whether based on religion or language.
• Article 44:
  • The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.
• ​Article 139:
  • ​Parliament may by law confer on the Supreme Court power to issue directions, orders, or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto, and certiorari, or any of them, for any purposes other than those mentioned in clause (2) of Article 32.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points​

• A political party is an organization that mobilizes people intending to win political power.  Examples: BJP, Congress, CPI, etc.
• A political party faces various challenges like lack of internal democracy, dynamic succession, money, and muscle power. 
  • Lack of internal democracy:
    • The concentration of power in the hands of a few ministers which gives rise to internal conflicts. 
  • The dynamic succession:
    • In many parties, the top positions are held by the members of a particular family.
    • This is against merit-based democracy.
  • The money and muscle power:
    • Democracy gives rise to the political competition which aims to capture power and form government.
    • Many ways are adopted to win elections.
    • It allows the business influencers to influence the decision of the party for the victory of a particular government. 
    • The criminalization of politics is also a result of money and muscle power.
  • Ideological issues are also an issue that impacts public choices.

The correct answer is Fraternity.
Key Points

• Fraternity:
  • It means a sense of brotherhood.
  • It means All of us should behave as if we are members of the same family. Hence, option 1 is correct.
  • No one should treat a fellow citizen as inferior. 
  • The citizens need to internalize the principles of equality, justice, and liberty to promote fraternity among all, regardless of religious beliefs, regional and local diversity.
• The Constitution promotes this feeling of fraternity by the system of single citizenship.
• Also, the Fundamental Duties (Article 51-A) say that it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic, regional, or sectional diversities.
• The Preamble declares that fraternity has to assure two things the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation.
• The word integrity has been added to the preamble by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment (1976).
• The phrase unity and integrity of the nation embrace both the psychological and territorial dimensions of national integration.
• It aims at overcoming hindrances to national integration like communalism, regionalism, casteism, linguism, secessionism, etc.

The correct answer is Defence of India.

Key Points

• The defence of India falls under the Union List.
• Union List - Article 246
• It originally had 97 subjects. Now, it has 100 subjects
• Some important subjects of Union List-
  • Defence of India
  • Naval, military and air forces; any other armed forces of the union.
  •  Atomic energy and mineral resources
  • Diplomatic, consular and trade representation
  •  Railways
  •  Citizenship, naturalisation and aliens.
  • shipping and navigation on inland waterways,
  •  Posts and telegraphs
  • Inter-State trade and commerce
  • Estate duty in respect of property other than agricultural land.

Additional Information

• The 7th Schedule of the Indian Constitution
  • It deals with the division of powers between the Union government and State governments.
  • The division of powers between Union and State is notified through three kinds of the list mentioned in the seventh schedule:
• ​State List
  •  It has 61 subjects. Earlier, it had 66 items.
  • 42nd amendment Act 1976 shifted below mentioned five subjects from the State list to Concurrent List:
  • Forests
  • Protection of wild animals and birds
  • Weights and measures and
  • Administration of justice, constitution, and organization of all courts except the Supreme Court and the High Courts.
•  Concurrent List
  • It has 52 subjects enumerated under it. Earlier, it had 47 items.

Option 3 is correct, i.e. Absence of accountability.

• The separation of powers is a fundamental guarantee of the independence of the judiciary.
• In the decision - making process, judges have the freedom to decide cases impartially and without any fear, in accordance with their interpretation of the law and the facts.
• They are able to act without any restrictions or improper influence.

Extra facts:

The apex implies the top or highest part of anything especially forming one point. The Supreme court is the topmost court in India.

Key Points

The structure of the judiciary in India is Pyramidal structure:

• The Supreme Court is at the topmost level, the High Courts are below them, and the district and subordinate courts at the lowest level.
• The functioning of the lower courts is under the direct administration of the higher courts.
• The Supreme Court of India is known as the Apex Court or apex body in the judicial system.
• It is the top court and the chief justice of India is its top authority.
• The top judicial bodies in the states are the High courts, which are controlled and managed by the Chief justices of the states.
• Below the high court are the district courts which are also known as the subordinate courts.
• The district courts are controlled and managed by the district and session judges.
• The subordinate court system is further classified into two subdivisions: the Civil court of which a sub-judge is the head, followed by the munsif court at the lower level, and the criminal court headed by the Chief judicial or the Metropolitan Magistrate.

Hence, the correct answer is Supreme Court.

The correct option is 3 i.e., Both I and II.

National food security Mission:

• It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme which was launched in 2007.
• National food security Mission(NFSM) has eight components.
• It aims to increase the production of rice, wheat, pulses, coarse cereals, and commercial crops through area expansion and productivity enhancement in a sustainable manner.

Eight components under NFSM:

(i) NFSM- Rice

(ii) NFSM-Wheat

(iii)NFSM-Pulses

(iv) NFSM-Coarse Cereals (Maize, Barley)

(v)NFSM-Sub Mission on Nutri Cereals

(vi) NFSM-Commercial Crops

(vii) NFSM-Oilseeds and Oil palm

(viii) NFSM-SeedVillage Programme.

The correct answer is everyone gets adequate food at affordable rates, and, there is no barrier to access to food.

Key Points

• Dimensions of food security
  • Availability of food 
    •       This implies food production within the country, food imports, and the previous year's stock stored in government granaries.
  • Accessibility
    • Accessibility means food is within reach of every person.
  • Affordability
    • Affordability implies that an individual has enough money to buy sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to fulfill one's dietary needs.

Important Points

• Ensuring food security
  • ​Food security is ensured in a country when-
    • Enough food is available for all people in the country.
    • All persons in the country have the capacity to buy food of acceptable quality.
    • There are no barriers to access to food.

Thus, food security is ensured in a country where everyone gets adequate food at affordable rates, and, there is no barrier to accessing food. 

The correct answer is Rs. 1 crore.Key Points

• As per the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 a complaint can be filed in the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Forum if the value of the claim is up to Rs. 1 crore.
• The State commissions will entertain cases between Rs.1 Crore and Rs. 10 Crore.
• The National commissions will entertain cases above Rs. 10 Crore.

Additional Information 

• The Consumer Protection Act, 1986:
  • An important landmark in the history of consumer protection legislation in India is the consumer protection Act, of 1986, which provides for a system for the protection of consumer rights and the redressal of consumer disputes.
  • The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 received the assent of the President on 9th August 2019, and subsequently got notified on 20.07.2020. The old Act namely Consumer Protection Act, 1986 will be replaced by a new Act namely Consumer Protection Act,2019.
• Section 21 of the Consumer Protection Act 1986 provides that the NCDRC can entertain consumer complaints that are valued over Rs. 1 Crore. As per the 2019 Act that replaced the 1986 Act, the NCDRC will entertain complaints valued above Rs. 10 Crore.

• The Commission has appellate as well as revisional jurisdictions from the orders of the State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions and the District Fora, as the case may be.
• The Act also provides that any person who is aggrieved by an order of the NCDRC may appeal against the order in the Supreme Court of the country within a period of 30 days.
• The District fora will look into cases up to Rs.1 Crore.
• Another change made in the 2019 Act is that the complainant can make the complaint in the place where he/she works or resides rather than where the opposite party resides or conducts business, thereby, easing the burden on consumers.

The correct answer is A is false but B is true.

Key Points

• The secondary sector has emerged as the largest producing sector in India, replacing the primary sector.
  • Over the forty years between 1973-74 and 2013-14, while production in all three sectors has increased, it has increased the most in the tertiary sector.
  • In any country, several services such as hospitals, educational institutions, police and defence services, courts, municipal corporations, transportation, banks, insurance companies, etc. are required as these constitute the basic needs of society.
  • As a result, in the years 2013-14 and onwards, the tertiary sector emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the primary sector.
• Thus, statement A is false.
• There has been a change in the share of the three sectors in GDP, a similar shift has not taken place in employment.
  • A remarkable fact about the Indian economy is that while there has been a change in the share of the three sectors in GDP, a similar shift has not taken place in employment.
  • Since the years 1977-78, the primary sector has continued to be the largest employer in the Indian economy.
  • Though industrial output or the production of goods in the secondary market went up by more than nine times during the period, employment in the industry went up by only three times.
  • Also in the tertiary sector, while the production level rose by 14 times, employment in the tertiary sector rose only by five times. 
• Thus, statement B is true.

Thus, it can be concluded that the tertiary sector has emerged as the largest producing sector in India, but a similar shift has not taken place in the employment level.