OAVS TGT Science Mock Test - 8 - OTET MCQ

In benzene each carbon is bonded with other carbon and hydrogen. So, for each carbon there will be two sigma bonds, one with other carbon and another one is with hydrogen. So, now we can calculate the single bonds => 6*2= 12 
And when we come to the no. of pi bonds in each carbon in Benzene there will be one hybridized orbital that will overlap with other carbon axially to form pi bonds. There will be 6 carbons in benzene, so=> 6/2=3 
Hence, we can say there are 3 double bonds in benzene. 

Binary fission is a kind of asexual reproduction. In binary fission, the fully grown parent cell splits into two halves, producing two pools.

Epithelial tissue has an exposed outer surface and an inner surface anchored to connective tissue by a thin, non-cellular structure called the basement membrane.

Isotopes of an element are the atom which have:
- The same number of neutrons in their nuclei: Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons in their nuclei, which determines the element's atomic number. However, they can have different numbers of neutrons. This results in variations in their mass numbers.
- The same mass number: Isotopes have the same number of protons in their nuclei, which gives them the same atomic number. However, they have different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers. Isotopes of an element have similar chemical properties due to the same number of electrons in their outer shells.
- Different number of electrons in their orbit: Isotopes have the same number of electrons in their orbit as they have the same atomic number. The number of electrons determines the element's chemical properties. Isotopes only differ in the number of neutrons in their nuclei.
- The same number of protons in their nuclei: Isotopes have the same number of protons in their nuclei, which determines the element's atomic number. However, they can have different numbers of neutrons, resulting in variations in their mass numbers.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D: The same number of protons in their nuclei.

The fine water molecules mainly scatter blue light due to its shorter wavelength.

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)
Definition:
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a sustainable energy technology that harnesses the temperature difference between warm surface seawater and cold deep seawater to generate electricity.
Full Form:
The full form of OTEC is Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion.
Explanation:
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a process that involves the following steps:
1. Heat Exchange: Warm surface seawater is used to heat a working fluid with a low boiling point, such as ammonia or propane.
2. Power Generation: The working fluid vaporizes and expands in a turbine, generating electricity.
3. Cold Water Condensation: Cold deep seawater is used to condense the vaporized working fluid back into a liquid state.
4. Recirculation: The condensed working fluid is recirculated back to the heat exchanger to repeat the cycle.
Advantages of OTEC:
- Renewable and Sustainable: OTEC utilizes the temperature difference between warm surface water and cold deep water, which is a constant and renewable resource.
- Clean Energy: OTEC does not produce greenhouse gas emissions or other pollutants during operation.
- Potential for Desalination: OTEC systems can also be used for desalination, providing fresh water in addition to electricity.
- Coastal Development: OTEC plants can be integrated with coastal infrastructure, reducing transmission losses and promoting local economic development.
Limitations of OTEC:
- High Initial Costs: The construction and installation of OTEC plants can be expensive.
- Distance from Shore: OTEC plants need to be located relatively close to shore to access both warm surface water and cold deep water.
- Environmental Impact: OTEC plants may have some impact on marine ecosystems, such as changes in water temperature and flow patterns.
In conclusion, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a promising renewable energy technology that utilizes the temperature difference in ocean water to generate electricity. It offers several advantages, including sustainability, clean energy production, and the potential for desalination. However, it also faces challenges such as high initial costs and potential environmental impacts.

Bronchiole is a fine respiratory tube in the lungs of reptiles, birds and mammals. It is formed by the subdivision of a bronchus. 

Sublimation is the process through which the solid substance changes directly into vapours or gaseous state without passing through liquid state. Dry ice is a common example of this process.

Mineral salts absorbed by the roots move laterally from epiblema to xylem through cortex, endodermis, and percycle. Finally, they are transported upwards through xylem along with the transpiration stream.

Excessive burning of fossil fuels generate large amount of harmful gases like CO₂, methane etc. this affect the global warming.

The information coded in DNA (genes) is for only polypeptides (proteins). Insulin hormone is peptide and all enzyme are also proteins.

Fresh water and marine fisheries are found in ponds, tanks, rivers and various water bodies catla, rohu, mullets, and bhetki are some fresh water fisheries. They have important contribution to the growth of the economy of the country. There has been a very impressive growth in fish production during 1990's in the country.

Only the statement (iv) that in the Modern Periodic Table, the elements are arranged on the basis of increasing atomic number.

In 1987, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) successfully negotiated an agreement to freeze the production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) at 1986 levels. This was a pivotal step towards addressing the issue of ozone depletion on a global scale.

NH₄Cl is separated from NaCl by heating the solid mixture in a test tube. NH₄Cl being sublime change into vapour which can be collected by cooling it. Nacl remain in test tube.

Cytokinin is a plant hormone that plays a crucial role in promoting cell division. It is found in higher concentrations in fruits and seeds, contributing to growth and development in these plant parts. Cytokinins help regulate various physiological processes, including cell division, differentiation, and overall plant growth.

Water is considered less suitable for respiration than air for many aquatic animals because water is denser than air, requiring more energy to pass over the respiratory surface. Additionally, the solubility of oxygen in water is lower compared to air, meaning a given volume of water contains less oxygen than the same volume of air. These factors make respiration more challenging in aquatic environments.

Nucleons reside inside the nucleus and are denoted by the mass number is denoted as “A.” All atoms of a particular chemical element will have the same atomic number, number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom, but different mass numbers.

Mercury is a thick shining liquid used commonly in glass thermometer. It does not stick with wall and expands uniformly on heating.

• One mole of CO₂ = one mole of C = 6.02×10²³ atoms of carbon.
• One mole of CO₂ = two moles of O = 2×6.02×10²³= 12.04×10²³ atoms of oxygen.
• One mole of CO₂​ = 6.02×10²³ molecules of CO₂

​Note: 6.02×10²³ is Avogadro's number and represents number of atoms/molecules present in one mole of substance.

C is the correct option.Refractive Index (Index of Refraction) is a value calculated from the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to that in a second medium of greater density. In the question the lowest refractive index is of Q (1.33), then P (1.73), and the highest is R (2.24).

Protoplasm is known as the physical basis of life in a cell because it comprises the living part of the cell including the cytoplasm, nucleus and other organelles and carries out all the processes necessary for life, like processing nutrients and oxygen, converting food into living matter, throwing out of used substances, producing new cells etc.

The working fluid in ocean thermal power plant is volatile liquid like ammonia.
Ammonia is used as the working fluid in ocean thermal power plants due to its favorable thermodynamic properties. Here are the reasons why ammonia is used:
1. High latent heat of vaporization: Ammonia has a high heat of vaporization, which means it can absorb a significant amount of heat when it evaporates. This property is essential for efficient heat transfer in ocean thermal power plants.
2. Low boiling point: Ammonia has a relatively low boiling point (-33.34°C or -28°F), which allows it to evaporate at low temperatures. This is beneficial in ocean thermal power plants, where the temperature difference between warm surface water and cold deep water is not significant.
3. Non-toxic and non-flammable: Ammonia is a non-toxic and non-flammable substance, making it safe to use in power plant applications. It does not pose a risk to the environment or human health.
4. Abundant and cost-effective: Ammonia is readily available and cost-effective compared to other working fluids. Its production is well-established and widely used in various industries.
5. Environmental friendliness: Ammonia is considered an environmentally friendly option as it does not contribute to ozone depletion or global warming. It has a low global warming potential and does not contain chlorine or fluorine, which are harmful to the environment.
In conclusion, ammonia is the preferred working fluid in ocean thermal power plants due to its advantageous thermodynamic properties, safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness.

Lanthanides belong to 6th period.They start from atomic number 58 and ends in 71