NVS Lab Attendant Mock Test - 7 - NVS TGT/PGT MCQ

The correct answer is Minister for Housing and Urban Affairs.

Key Points

• Minister for Housing and Urban Affairs Hardeep S Puri launched his Ministry's mega campaign ‘Meri LiFE, Mera Swachh Shehar’, in New Delhi.
• This campaign aims to champion, Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle (RRR) concept of waste management.
• Under this nationwide campaign, RRR Centres or one-stop collection centres will be set up where citizens can give their used clothes, shoes, old books, toys and plastic to be reused or recycled.
• AIR Correspondent reports that this three-week campaign will strengthen citizens' resolve under SBM-U 2.0 to reduce, reuse and recycle and will also champion Mission LiFE’s objective of taking collective action for the protection and conservation of the environment by adopting sustainable daily habits.

Additional Information

• LiFE:
  • The Mission LiFE encourages us to be a trustee of the environment.
  • Mission LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment) was launched by the Prime Minister in October 2022 at Kevadia, Gujarat 

The correct answer is March 1946.

Key Points

• The Cabinet Mission was sent to India in March 1946.
• The British government, recognizing the need for a political solution and the transfer of power in India, dispatched the Cabinet Mission as a last attempt to find a constitutional framework that would satisfy the demands of both the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
• The Cabinet Mission consisted of three British Cabinet ministers: Lord Pethick-Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps, and A.V. Alexander.
• Their objective was to propose a plan for the future governance of India and to facilitate negotiations between the Indian political leaders.
• The mission arrived in India on March 24, 1946, and held a series of discussions and consultations with various Indian leaders, including representatives from the Indian National Congress, the Muslim League, and other political groups.
• The mission aimed to find a formula that would accommodate the aspirations of both the Hindu and Muslim communities.
• The plan recommended the formation of a united Dominion of India with a federal structure. It proposed the establishment of a Constituent Assembly composed of Indian representatives to frame a new constitution for India.
• Despite the efforts of the Cabinet Mission, the plan was met with resistance and dissatisfaction from both the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
• The Congress accepted the idea of a united India but had reservations about certain aspects of the proposed federal structure.

• The Muslim League, led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, rejected the plan as it did not fully meet its demand for a separate nation of Pakistan.

Therefore, the correct answer is March 1946.

The correct answer is 23 March.

Key Points

• On this day, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) was established in the year 1950. 
• WMO is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
• The International Meteorological Organization (IMO), whose concept dates back to the Vienna International Meteorological Congress of 1873, gave birth to the organisation.
• The theme for 2022 is 'Early Warning and Early Action.

Additional Information​ 

• List of Important Days/Events in March:​ 

The correct answer is Harihara-Bukka.

Key Points

• The Vijayanagara Empire was founded in 1336 AD by Harihara and Bukka.
• He started the rule of the Sangam dynasty in Vijayanagara with the inspiration of his Guru Vidyaranya and made Hampi his capital.
• Harihar was the first ruler of this dynasty.
• The Vijayanagara Empire existed until 1649 AD.
• During this time four dynasties ruled, which are as follows
  • Sangam (1336-1485 AD)
  • Suluva (1485-1505 AD)
  • Tuluva (1505–1570 AD)
  • Aravidu (1570–1649 AD)

The correct answer is Balwant Rai Mehta.

Key Points

• The Decentralization System was recommended by Balwant Rai Mehta Committee.
• Recommendations by the Committee:
  • Three-tier Panchayati Raj system: Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti, and Zila Parishad.
  • Directly elected representatives to constitute the gram panchayat and indirectly elected representatives to constitute the Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad.
  • Planning and development are the primary objectives of the Panchayati Raj system.
  • Panchayat Samiti should be the executive body and Zila Parishad will act as the advisory and supervisory body.
  • District Collector to be made the chairman of the Zila Parishad.

Additional Information

• Ashok Mehta Committee:
• The key recommendations are:
  • The three-tier system should be replaced with a two-tier system: Zila Parishad (district level) and the Mandal Panchayat (a group of villages).
  • District level as the first level of supervision after the state level.
  • Zila Parishad should be the executive body and responsible for planning at the district level.
  • The institutions (Zila Parishad and the Mandal Panchayat) have compulsory taxation powers to mobilize their own financial resources.

The correct answer is 126th.

Key Points

• India rankd at 126th position out of 136 countries in 2023.

Additional Information

• According to the report, India ranks at 126th position out of 136 countries, making it one of the least happy countries in the world.
• It even lags behind its neighboring nations like Nepal, China, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.
• Denmark is at number two, followed by Iceland at number three. The ranking uses six key factors to measure happiness — social support, income, health, freedom, generosity, and absence of corruption.
• It rates 150 nations based on:
  • Personal well-being.
  • Levels of GDP.
  • Life expectancy, and
  • Other quality of life measures.

Important Points

• Finland ranked the happiest nation globally for the sixth consecutive year, followed by Denmark and Switzerland.
• Afghanistan is named the saddest country in the world for the third year in a row.

The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) conducted the Pre-Cyclone Exercise to assess preparedness for the upcoming cyclone season, reflecting their ongoing commitment to disaster management and public safety as they celebrate their 150th year of service.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is set to launch the European Space Agency's (ESA) Solar Study Mission Proba-3, highlighting ISRO's role as a key player in international space collaborations and missions.

The correct answer is Bering Strait.
Key Points
A Strait is a naturally formed, narrow, typically navigable waterway that connects two larger bodies of water.

सही उत्तर विकल्प 4 ‘हंस’ होगा।

Key Points

• ‘हंस’ शब्द पुल्लिंग है।
• अन्य शब्द गाय, बकरी, प्याली ये सभी स्त्रीलिंग शब्द हैं।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर है - “देख रहा था।”

• अशुद्ध वाक्य:- मैं दो घंटे से आपकी प्रतीक्षा देख रहा था।
• शुद्ध वाक्य:- मैं दो घंटे से आपकी प्रतीक्षा कर रहा था।

Key Points

• ‘मैं दो घंटे से आपकी प्रतीक्षा देख रहा था' वाक्य में ‘देख’ शब्द वाक्य अशुद्धि का कारण है।
• अत: वाक्य में वर्तनी संबंधी अशुद्धता है।

Additional Information

• अशुद्ध वाक्यों में एक से अधिक विषय और एक से अधिक क्रिया होती है।
• दूसरी ओर, अशुद्ध वाक्यों में त्रुटियाँ या गलतियाँ हो सकती हैं।
• शुद्ध वाक्यों में एक ही विषय और एक क्रिया होती है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य वे हैं जो किसी भी त्रुटि या गलतियों से मुक्त हैं।

Important Points

• वर्तनी वाले शब्द का अर्थ:- भाषा के किसी शब्द को को लिखने में प्रयुक्त वर्णों के सही क्रम को वर्तनी कहते हैं।
• भाषा की समस्त ध्वनियोँ को सही तरीके से उच्चारण करने के लिए वर्तनी की एकरुपता स्थापित की जाती है।

• Sterile means barren-unable to produce any child or offspring; unproductive that means barren.
  Another meaning of it is not imaginative or creative.
• Barren means (used about land or soil) not good enough for plants to grow on
• Arid means (used about land or climate) very dry; with little or no rain
• Fertile means (used about land or soil) that plants grow well in
• Dry means without liquid in it or on it; not wet

Hence Correct Answer is Option A

‘प्रातःकाल’ शब्द में प्रातः उपसर्ग है।

• प्रातः + काल = प्रातः काल
• 'प्रातः' (सबेरा) उपसर्ग और 'काल' मूलशब्द
• अर्थ: सबेरे का समय, प्रभात।

Key Points

• उपसर्ग शब्द के शुरू में जुड़ता है।

Additional Information कुछ महत्वपूर्ण उपसर्ग शब्द:-​

• प्रातः (सबेरा) - प्रातः वन्दना, प्रातः स्मरणीय।
• अधि (प्रधान/श्रेष्ठ) - अधिनियम, अधिनायक, अधिकृत, अधिकरण।
• उप (सहायक) - उपभोग, उपवन, उपमन्त्री, उपयोग, उपनाम, उपहार।
• सम् (अच्छी तरह) - सन्तोष, संगठन,संलग्न, संकल्प, संशय, संरक्षा।
• प्रति (प्रत्येक) - प्रतिदिन, प्रत्येक, प्रतिकूल, प्रतिहिंसा, प्रतिरूप, प्रतिध्वनि।
• निर् (बिना) - निराकार, निरादर, नीरोग, नीरस, निरीह, निरक्षर।
• अनु (पीछे) - अनुचर, अनुकरण, अनुकूल, अनुनाद, अनुभव।

• 'आविर्भाव’ का उपयुक्त विलोम शब्द है - 'तिरोभाव' l
  • आविर्भाव शब्द का अर्थ है - प्रकट होना l
  • तिरोभाव शब्द का अर्थ है - अदृश्य हो जाना, अदर्शन।
  • अन्य विकल्प :- प्रकटीकरण, उद्वेलन, समभाव - 'आविर्भाव' शब्द के उचित विलोम शब्द नहीं है l

Additional Information

• जो शब्द एक दूसरे के विपरीतार्थक हो, या उल्टा अर्थ बताते हैं, विलोम शब्द कहलाते हैं l
  • उदाहरण :- अच्छा – बुरा अंकुश – निरंकुश अकाल – सुकाल

Waste: Waste is unusable material. Waste comes in many forms

1. Solid waste: garbage, refuse, sludge
2. Liquid waste: wastewater, oil, fats, etc.
3. Organic waste: food waste, food-soiled paper, green waste
4. Hazardous waste: toxic elements, radioactive elements, etc.
5. E-waste: mobile, laptop, electronic devices, charger, etc.
6. Recyclable waste: food waste, garden waste, paper waste, textile waste, etc.

Key-Points

Hazardous waste: Hazardous waste is waste that has substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment.

Characteristics: Hazardous wastes are the materials that are known or tested to exhibit one or more of the following hazardous traits:

• Ignitability
• Corrosivity
• Reactivity
• Toxicity

From the above examples, it is clear that chemical as a toxic element is hazardous in nature.

When light enters the eye, most of the refraction takes place at the outer surface of the cornea. The crystalline lens only makes some finer adjustment.

Red colour has longer wavelength so least scattered by smoke or fog.

Sublimation is when a solid changes directly to gas without changing into liquid.
NaCl when heated does not change its state when heated , while all the other options sublime. Hence sodium chloride is the right answer.

 Splitting of white light into its constituent seven colours, while passing through a prism, is on account of dispersion of fight.

Hydrogen gas is released.

Water pollution occurs when harmful substances, chemicals or microorganisms contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment.​

Key-Points

Organic pollution may refer to the concentration of organic compounds in water including dissolved and suspended biogenic substances from aquatic and terrestrial species. 

• Run-off urban areas: 
  • Urban runoff is surface runoff of rainwater created by urbanization.
  • This runoff is a major source of flooding and water pollution in urban communities worldwide.
  • Impervious surfaces (roads, parking lots and sidewalks) are constructed during land development which results in high amount of surface runoff.
  • It is mostly inorganic in nature with gasoline, motor oil, heavy metals, trash and other pollutants from roadways and parking lots.
• Run-off from agricultural forms: 
  • Agricultural Runoff is water from farm fields due to irrigation, rain, or melted snow that flows over the earth that can absorb into the ground, enter bodies of waters or evaporate.
  • This runoff can contain organic pollutants like pesticides, sediment (soil particles), nutrients (phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium from fertilizers) and metals, which can contaminate sources of water.
• Sewage effluents:
  • Sewage, or domestic/municipal wastewater, is a type of wastewater that is produced by a community of people.
  • It is characterized by physical, chemical and toxic constituents, and its bacteriologic status.
  • It consists mostly of greywater (from sinks, bathtubs, showers, dishwashers, and clothes washers), blackwater (the water used to flush toilets, combined with the human waste that it flushes away), soaps and detergents, and toilet paper (less so in regions where bidets are widely used instead of paper). 
  • Sewage effluents have the highest amount of organic pollutants along with bacterial contamination.
• Industrial effluents:
  • Industrial effluent is the wastewater produced by industrial activity.
  • It includes wastewater produced from manufacturing process or cleaning process.
  • The composition of wastewater generated mostly depends on the nature of industry.
  • It is mostly inorganic in nature.

The urinary bladder signals the urge to urinate through nervous control.

The correct answer is Biomagnification.

• Biomagnification is the concentration of a toxin at successively higher levels in a food chain. 

Key Points

• Biomagnification is the trophic enrichment of contaminants within food webs and progressive increase in chemical concentrations with increasing animal trophic status.
• Biomagnification occurs when organisms like zooplankton feed upon the contaminated phytoplankton and in turn absorb Persistent Organic Pollutants (DDT) into their own tissues at a higher concentration.
• The more contaminated phytoplankton zooplankton eats, the more will be the contamination at upper trophic levels.

• Centrifugation: Centrifugation is the process of separating substances of different densities using a centrifuge. In the case of separating cream from milk, centrifugation is a commonly used method.


• Process: When milk is subjected to centrifugation, the heavier components like the cream are forced to the outer edges of the centrifuge tube due to centrifugal force. This allows the cream to be separated from the milk.


• Speed and time: The speed and time of centrifugation can be adjusted to achieve better separation of cream from milk. Higher speeds and longer durations can help in obtaining a more complete separation.


• Collection: Once the centrifugation process is complete, the separated cream can be collected from the top of the tube, while the skimmed milk remains at the bottom.


• Importance: Centrifugation is a quick and efficient method for separating cream from milk without the need for complex equipment or chemicals.

Because concave  lens always produce an
Image which is always erect, diminished and virtual.
 

The correct answer is B as Ohm's law:
voltage=current x resistance=12x10=120 V

The correct option is D.
An object possesses gravitational potential energy if it is positioned at a height above (or below) the zero height. An object possesses elastic potential energy if it is at a position on an elastic medium other than the equilibrium position.