UPSC CAPF Paper 1 Mock Test - 4 (General & Mental Ability) - CDS MCQ

Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens. In a democracy, every citizen has the right to vote and the right to be elected. For democratic elections to take place, it is necessary that citizens should have the right to express their opinion, form political parties and take part in other political activities. Besides, in democratic countries, special provisions are made for the protection of rights. Our Constitution also has a list of Fundamental Rights which are protected by the judiciary.

Booth capturing is a type of electoral fraud in which party loyalists "capture" a polling booth and vote in place of legitimate voters to ensure that their candidate wins.

Robert Mugabe ruled Zimbabwe since its independence in 1980 until he was forced out of office in 2017.

The correct answer is Jind.

• Bir Bara Ban Wildlife Sanctuary is in the Jind district of Haryana.
• It was changed to a Sanctuary in October 2007.
• About Jind - 
  • It is one of the 7 districts which were constituted with the establishment of Haryana.
  • It shares its border with 7 districts of Haryana namely Fatehabad, Hisar, Rohtak, Sonipat, Panipat, Karnal and Kaithal.
  • It also shares a border with Sangrur district of Punjab.
  • It was founded by Sikh King Raja Gajpat Singh in 1766.
  • According to the 2011 census, the 
    • Total population is 1,334,152.
    • Sex ratio is 871.
    • The literacy rate is 71.4%.
    • The population density is 494.

The correct answer is All of the above.

• Sound is the main means of communication in many animals, including humans. A low sound is pleasant and harmless. A loud, unpleasant, or unwanted sound is called noise.
• Sources of Noise Pollution:
  • ​​Industrialization: Most of the industries use big machines which are capable of producing noise.
  • Poor Urban Planning: In most developing countries, poor urban planning also plays a vital role.
  • Social Events: Noise is at its peak in most social events.
  • Transportation: A large number of vehicles on roads, airplanes, trains produce heavy noise.
  • Construction Activities: Construction activities like mining, construction of bridges, dams, buildings, stations, roads, flyovers take place in almost every part of the world.
  • Fireworks: Firework is a common thing during various fairs, festivals, and cultural ceremonies

Additional Information

Effects of noise pollution: 

• Auditory effects:
  • ​Deafness or impaired hearing: Prolonged exposures to noise lead to gradual deterioration of the internal ear and subsequently hearing loss or deafness.
  • Auditory fatigue: It is defined as a temporary loss of hearing after exposure to sound.
• Nonauditory effects:
  • Irritation and annoyance: Noise, sometimes, leads to emotional disturbances and makes people lose their temper.
  • Work efficiency: It has been observed that noise reduces the efficiency of work.
  • Physiological effects: It includes dilation of the pupils, paling of skin, tensing of voluntary muscles, diminishing of gastric secretions, increase in diastolic blood pressure.

The correct answer is Sahibi.

Key Points

• River Sahibi originates from Sewar hills.

Additional Information

• Sota-Sabi or Sahibi River
  • There are two branches, the Sahibi branch rises from Sewar hills and the Sota branch rises from the hills of Bairath.
  • The two branches meet at Jalalpur.
  • The river flows in the northern direction through Kotputli tehsil, Bansur, Behror Kishangarh, Mundawar (Rajasthan) Rewari (Haryana) and empties into Najafgarh drain.
  • Sabi basin is bounded in the northwest by Shekhawati River Basin and Ruparail and Banganga
  • River basins in the southeast. The northern boundary is shared administratively with Haryana State.
  • The Basin extends over parts of the Alwar, Jaipur and Sikar districts.
  • The total catchment area of the Sahibi basin is 4607.9 km2.
  • It flows in Rajasthan for a distance of about 157 km before entering Haryana State

The correct answer is Saline and Alkaline Soils.

Key Points

Saline and Alkaline Soils

• They are also known as Usara soils.
• Various local names for saline soils are Reh, Kallar, Chopan, Rakar, Thur, Karl, etc. Hence, Option 3 is correct.
• These soils have developed in areas with dry climatic conditions accompanied by a lack of proper drainage.
• In this situation, salts of sodium, calcium, and magnesium are deposited on the upper layer of the soil by capillary action.
• Some of the salts are transported in solution by the rivers.
• These soils are also formed when saline water spreads on the land at the time of high tide in coastal areas.
• Their texture ranges from sandy to loamy.
• Saline and Alkaline Soils occupy 68,000 sq km of area.
• Parts of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab (side effects of improper or excess irrigation), Rajasthan and Maharashtra have this kind of soil.
• The accumulation of these salts makes the soil infertile and renders it unfit for agriculture.

The consumer redressal is the right given to the consumer to meet the consumer court regarding any wrong practises done by the producers such as adulteration which affect human health and hence it is a right given to consumers as a result it is not the function of the public distribution system(PDS).The public distribution system helps in the distribution of food grains from the Godowns to rationshops.

An inferior good is a type of good for which demand declines as the level of income increases.

International Safety Pin Day is observed on April 10 every year to commemorate the contributions of Walter Hunt, an American mechanical engineer, who invented the safety pin along with various other inventions.

The United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP) Production Gap report has been released in anticipation of the COP28 climate conference.
It warns that global fossil fuel production over the next seven years is projected to exceed more than double the levels required to stay within the climate goals outlined in the 2015 Paris climate agreement, including the crucial target of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius.

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released its flagship report, the State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA). Although current agrifood systems provide nourishment and sustain economies, they also impose huge hidden costs on health and the environment – the equivalent of at least $10 trillion annually.
The figure represents nearly 10 per cent of global Gross Domestic Product (GDP), according to the 2023 edition of the report which covers 154 countries.

Former Attorney General Feleti Teo has been chosen as Tuvalu’s new prime minister by parliamentary members after a recent election spotlighted the nation’s ties with Taiwan. Teo, the sole nominee, was unanimously elected by 15 lawmakers without a vote. Following the January 26 election where the pro-Taiwan predecessor, Kausea Natano, lost his seat, Teo’s swearing-in ceremony and cabinet appointment are scheduled for later this week.

The balancing of chemical equations is based on the law of conservation of mass. 
The law of conservation of mass states that mass can be neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. Total mass of reactants is equal to total mass of products.

The three R’s that will help to conserve natural resources for long term use are reduce, recycle and reuse.

Auxin, cytokinin and gibberellins are growth promoting plant hormones while Abscisic acid is the growth inhibitior plant hormone.

Acid oxides is a complex chemical substance oxides, which form a salt with the chemical reactions with bases or basic oxides and do not react with acidic oxides.
Examples of acidic oxides can be:
CO₂ (all known carbon dioxide), P₂O₅ - oxide of phosphorus (formed in air if burns white phosphorus), SO₃ - oxide of sulfur (VI) is a substance used for sulfuric acid.

√4 = 2, √9 = 3, √16 = 4 but √2 = 1.414 it is a non-terminating and non-repeating number and such numbers are called irrational numbers. So, √2 is not a rational number.

In this type of question, we need to get the relative speed between them.

The relative speed of the boys = 5.5 – 5 = 0.5 km/h

The distance between them is 8.5 km.
Time = Distance/Speed
Time = 8.5/0.5 = 17 hrs

Factors of 52 and 91 are

so 52 = 2 × 2 × 13

and 91 = 7 × 13

∴ H.C.F. of 52 and 91 = 13

Hence required speed in minutes = 13 km / min.

• Statement 1 is correct: The Gupta era saw a more developed judicial system, with civil and criminal laws clearly demarcated, indicating advancements in legal frameworks.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Guilds of artisans and merchants were actually governed by their own laws rather than state laws, allowing them autonomy in managing internal affairs and maintaining discipline.
• Statement 3 is correct: The involvement of Brahmanas in the judicial process alongside kings underscores the influence of the varna system on governance and legal proceedings.

The Battle of Koppam was a battle fought between the Medieval Chola kings Rajadhiraja Chola and Rajendra Chola II with the Chalukya king Someshvara I in 1054, or in 1052 according to Sen. Though the Cholas were successful in the battle, the king and supreme commander, Rajadhiraja I lost his life in the battlefield and was succeeded to the throne by his younger brother, Rajendra Chola II.

The United Front government was indeed supported by the Congress party from the outside. The Fodder Scam in Bihar involved Lalu Prasad Yadav, leading to his resignation from his party and the formation of the Rashtriya Janata Dal.

• Gandhi advised Congressmen to hold these offices lightly and not tightly. The offices were to be seen as "crowns of thorns' which had been accepted to see if they quickened the pace towards the nationalist goal.

• Gandhi advised that these offices should be used in a way not expected or intended by the British.

• There was further deterioration in the field of administration in Bahadur Shah's reign.
• The position of state finances worsened as a result of his reckless grants of jagirs and promotions.
• During his reign the remnants of the Royal treasure, amounting in 1707 to some 13 crores of rupees, were exhausted.

Hence, the correct option is 'A'.

Gregor Mendel was a scientist, Augustinian friar and Abbot of St. Thomas ' Abbey in Brno, of Moravia. Mendel was born in a German speaking family in the part of Austrian Empire. 

As 'Flower' is made from 'Bud' similarly 'Fruit' is made from 'Flower'.