UPSC CAPF Paper 1 Mock Test - 5 (General & Mental Ability) - CDS MCQ

A cabinet is an official government body consisting of high ranked officials of the state. The members of the cabinet are generally called Cabinet Ministers or Secretaries. It is the main body which is responsible for the day-to-day management of the government.

The Parliamentary Privileges Act 1987 in Australia was enacted to codify and clarify parliamentary privileges, providing a legal framework for the exercise of these privileges by members of Parliament.

Restrictions on Right to Freedom not mentioned in the Constitution:

1. To instigate violence: The Constitution of India places restrictions on the right to freedom of speech and expression when it comes to inciting violence or creating a public disturbance.


2. To invite people to rebel against the government: The Constitution also restricts the right to freedom of speech and expression when it comes to inviting people to rebel against the government or promoting activities that may threaten the sovereignty and integrity of the nation.


3. To defame others: Defamation is also limited under the right to freedom of speech and expression. Individuals cannot use this right to defame or harm the reputation of others.


4. To praise others: The Constitution does not explicitly mention any restriction on praising others. The right to freedom of speech and expression generally allows individuals to express their opinions and thoughts, including praising others.

Therefore, the correct answer is D: To praise others. The Constitution does not impose any restrictions on praising others as part of the right to freedom of speech and expression.

Features accepted by all the Indian leaders much before they sat down to make the Constitution:
- Universal adult franchise:
- All the Indian leaders unanimously accepted the idea of universal adult franchise, which means every adult citizen of the country, irrespective of their caste, religion, gender, or social status, has the right to vote in elections.
- This feature was seen as an essential aspect of democracy and was aimed at ensuring equal political rights for all citizens.
- Right to freedom:
- The concept of fundamental rights, including the right to freedom, was widely accepted by Indian leaders even before the Constitution was drafted.
- The right to freedom encompasses various freedoms such as freedom of speech and expression, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion, and freedom of movement, among others.
- Indian leaders believed in the importance of safeguarding these fundamental rights to protect individual liberties and promote a democratic society.
- Protection of the rights of minorities:
- Indian leaders recognized the significance of protecting the rights of minorities in a diverse country like India, where people from different religions, languages, and cultures coexist.
- They understood the need to ensure equal rights and opportunities for all individuals, irrespective of their minority status.
- This commitment to protect the rights of minorities was reflected in the Constitution through provisions such as the right to cultural and educational rights for minorities.
Conclusion:
All the Indian leaders unanimously accepted the features of universal adult franchise, right to freedom, and protection of the rights of minorities much before they sat down to make the Constitution. These features were seen as essential principles to establish a democratic and inclusive society in India.

The correct answer is Sultanpur National Park.

About Sultanpur National park:

• It is located at Sultanpur village on Gurgaon - Jhajjar highway, 15 km from the Gurgaon district in Haryana, and 50 km from New Delhi.
• Sultanpur National park covers approximately 142.52 Hectares of area. This National Park was formerly a Bird sanctuary.
• In this National park, many of the Birds varieties are there like Paddy field Pipit, Eurasian Knick knee, Gray Francolin, Black Francolin, Indian Roller, Purple Sunbird, Little Cormorant, Pigeons, etc.
• It is named after Chauhan Rajput Raja Sultan Singh Chauhan, a great-grandson of 'Harsh Dev Singh Chauhan (descendent of Great Prithvi Raj Chauhan).
• The Sultanpur National Park officially became a National park on 13 July 1989 and has an area of 1.43 km, (Under that Chief Minister of Haryana Bansi Lal).

About Gurgaon (Gurugram District):

Map view of Gururam district (Haryana state):

Notes:

• Some of the Haryana state wildlife sanctuaries are (Nahar wildlife sanctuary, Chhilchhila wildlife sanctuary), Natural parks are (Sultanpur National Park, and Kalesar National Park)
• The largest Bird Sanctuary of India is Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary located in Gujarat.
• The smallest Bird Sanctuary of India is the Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary located in the Kancheepuram district of Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Pollution is any undesirable change in physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of air, land, water, or soil.
• Agents that bring about such an undesirable change are called pollutants.
• Pollution can be broadly classified into 4 types - Air pollution, Water pollution, Noise pollution & Soil pollution.

Important Points

• Water pollution occurs when there is an addition of undesirable substances into water bodies.
• The sources of water pollution can be divided into 2 major groups:
  • Point source - It refers to the single identifiable sources like discharge pipes from a factory or sewage plant.
  • Non-point source - It refers to sources that do not originate from a single point. Example - agricultural run-offs.
• Factories and sewage treatment plants have proper drainage pipes leading to a water body for disposing their wastes and thus they are point sources of water pollution.
• Urban and Suburban lands cause water pollution by the field run offs and thus do not originate from a single point. Hence, they are non-point sources of water pollution.

Concept:

Energy:

• The energy possessed by an object is thus measured in terms of its capacity of doing work.
• The unit of energy is measured by joule (J).

Explanation:

Wood and animal dung:

• Animal manure and wood are two popular energy sources in Indian villages.
• It can be used to produce biogas.
• Biogas is a term used to describe a variety of gases that are created when organic matter breaks down in the absence of oxygen.
• Agricultural waste, manure, municipal trash, plant material, sewage, green waste, and food waste are some of the raw materials that can be used to make biogas.
• In some rural locations, biogas plants can be installed adjacent to homes as simple structures to provide a source of gas for cooking and lighting.

Thus, the common energy source in an Indian village is wood and animal dung.

Additional InformationElectricity:

• Electricity is one of the most commonly used forms of energy.
• The term electricity comes from the Greek word electron which means amber.
• It is converted from mechanical to electrical energy with the help of a prime mover i.e., from the turbine to the generator.

Coal:

• Coal is one of the fuels used to cook food.
• Earlier, it was used in railway engines to produce steam to run the engine.
• It is also used in thermal power plants to produce electricity.

Sun:

• Solar energy, one of the renewable sources of energy, is defined as the transformation of solar energy.

The correct answer is 1603 sq km.

Key Points

• As per the state of forest report 2021, the tree cover in the state of Haryana is 1603 square km. 
  • The survey was conducted between October 2019 and February 2020 for the assessment year 2021.
  • The forest cover in the state is 1,603.48 km, which is 3.63% of the state's geographical area. The forest area of the state was recorded at 1,602.44 in 2019, 1,588 sq km in 2017 and 1,580 sq km in the 2015 report.

FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) attracted by globalization in India belongs to the multinationals.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) refers to the investment made by foreign companies or individuals in the domestic market of another country. In the case of India, FDI attracted by globalization primarily belongs to multinational corporations. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Definition of Foreign Direct Investment:
- FDI is a form of investment where a company or individual from one country invests in businesses or assets in another country.
- It involves a long-term commitment and control over the foreign enterprise.
2. Globalization and FDI in India:
- Globalization refers to the integration of economies and societies through cross-border flows of goods, services, capital, and technology.
- India has been actively involved in globalization, opening up its markets and encouraging foreign investments.
3. Attracting FDI:
- India, being one of the fastest-growing economies and having a large consumer market, attracts FDI from various sources.
- The government of India has implemented policies and reforms to attract foreign investors, such as easing regulations, improving infrastructure, and providing incentives.
4. Multinationals and FDI:
- Multinational corporations (MNCs) are companies that operate in multiple countries, with their headquarters in one country and subsidiaries in others.
- MNCs are major contributors to FDI inflows in India, as they seek to expand their market presence, access resources, and capitalize on the growth opportunities offered by the Indian market.
- Examples of multinational corporations investing in India include Walmart, Samsung, Amazon, and Toyota.
5. Other Sources of FDI:
- While multinationals are the primary source of FDI in India, there are other sources as well, such as foreign governments and sovereign wealth funds.
- Foreign governments may invest in India to strengthen diplomatic relations or support specific sectors.
- However, their contribution to FDI inflows is relatively smaller compared to multinationals.
6. Conclusion:
- In conclusion, FDI attracted by globalization in India primarily belongs to multinationals.
- Multinational corporations invest in India to expand their market reach and take advantage of the country's growing economy.
- The Indian government's efforts to attract FDI have resulted in increased foreign investments, driving economic growth and development in the country.

The zombie virus is related to global warming and the thawing of Arctic permafrost. The rising temperatures caused by global warming have led to the thawing of previously frozen ice, which could unleash “zombie viruses”. The zombie virus is an amoeba virus that scientists have revived from the melted ice. The new strain has one of 13 viral genomes, with Pandoravirus yedoma, 48,500 years old, being the longest frozen virus to become infectious. Scientists are developing an Arctic surveillance system to detect and contain outbreaks.

The International Day of Zero Waste is celebrated every year on March 30th, as established by a resolution passed by the United Nations General Assembly on December 14, 2022. This day is significant for raising awareness about reducing waste and promoting zero-waste initiatives to achieve sustainable development goals.

India maintained its ranking at 126th in the World Happiness Report 2024, the same as the previous year. This ranking is based on various factors such as GDP, life expectancy, social support, freedom, generosity, and perceptions of corruption.

World NGO Day, celebrated annually on February 27, acknowledges the vital role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) globally. Over 89 countries and 6 continents participate. The day promotes active engagement in NGOs, advocates for collaboration between NGOs and public-private sectors, and raises awareness among the needy about the impactful work of NGOs. The 2024 theme, “Building a Sustainable Future: The Role of NGOs in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals,” emphasizes their crucial contribution to global sustainability.

An Se-young of South Korea won the gold medal in the women's singles event at the 2023 World Badminton Championships, defeating Carolina Marín of Spain in the final, 21-12, 21-10. An Se-young, aged 21, became the first woman from South Korea to win the world singles title. She had a dominant tournament, winning all of her matches in straight games, including victories over Olympic champion Chen Yufei and two-time world champion Akane Yamaguchi.

Cerebral is centre of thinking, will power, reasoning and memory, experience and learning knowledge and articulate speech.

Nearsighted individuals have image formed in front of the retina. They must correct the problem by wearing a lens which provides for some diverging of light prior to reaching the lens of the eye. This will move the image further from the lens of the eye and back towards the retina.

The gradient of a distance-time graph represents the speed of an object. The velocity of an object is its speed in a particular direction. The slope on a velocity-time graph represents the acceleration of an object. The distance travelled is equal to the area under a velocity-time graph.

The cells in the intestine with microvilli are specialized for absorption and are columnar epithelial cells.

The rate of diffusion in liquids is faster than solids because in liquids molecules have a greater amount of space between them as compared to solids, or we can say they are less tightly packed. also, liquids can flow but solids cannot.

Factors of 1 to 10 numbers
1=1
2=1×2
3=1×3
4=1×2×2
5=1×5
6=1×2×3
7=1×7
8=1×2×2×2
9=1×3×3
10=1×2×5
∴ LCM of number 1 to 10 = LCM (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)
= 1×2×2×2×3×3×5×7 = 2520

The sum of speeds would be 0.08 m/s (relative speed in opposite direction). Also if we go by
option (b), the speeds will be 0.03 and 0.05 m/s respectively.
At this speed the overlapping would occur every 60 seconds.

Explanation:

• Division of Indian society into seven castes: The source that informed us about the division of Indian society into seven castes is the Indica.

Indica:

• The Indica is a work by the Greek historian Megasthenes, who was an ambassador of Seleucus Nicator in the court of Chandragupta Maurya.


• In his work, Megasthenes describes the social structure of India, including the division of society into seven castes.


• He mentions that the Indian society was divided into seven principal castes, each with its own occupation and duties.


• This division of society into seven castes is an important insight into the social structure of ancient India.

The correct answer is option (A). During Aurangzeb's reign, Muntakhab-ul-Lubab was written by Khafi Khan, a historical writer. The book covers the history of Mughal period till the reign of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb.

NITI Aayog was indeed set up to replace the Planning Commission with a focus on cooperative federalism.

 

• As per the Queen's proclamation, the era of annexations and expansion had ended, and the British promised to respect the dignity and rights of the native princes. 

• Henceforth, the Indian states were to recognise the Paramountcy of the British Crown and were to be treated as parts of a single charge. 

• The people of India were promised freedom of religion without interference from British officials. The proclamation also promised equal and impartial protection under the law to all Indians, besides equal opportunities in government services irrespective of race or creed. 

The correct answer is option C, Civil rebellion in Awadh.
The Massacre of Benaras, also known as the Benaras Mutiny, is a civil rebellion that took place in Awadh, present-day Uttar Pradesh. The Massacre of Benaras may also refer to the minor and unsuccessful insurrection of Wazir Ali Khan, deposed Nawab of Awadh, at Benares in northern India in 1799. In this incident, five British East India Company officials and civilians were murdered. 

 

The pH of the solution following a neutralization reaction is primarily determined by the strength of the acid and base utilized in the reaction. If a strong acid reacts with a weak base, the resulting solution will be acidic, whereas a strong base reacting with a weak acid will lead to a basic solution. This relationship between acid and base strengths influences the pH of the solution post-reaction.

Visceral muscle is also called the smooth muscle. 
Smooth muscle, neither striated in structure nor under voluntary control, is found within the walls of organs and structures such as the esophagus, stomach, intestine, bronchi, uterus, urethra, bladder, blood vessels and the arrector pili in the skin ( in which it controls erection of body hairs).
 

Energy flows within a food chain or web from autotrophs to heterotrophs and decomposers. Autotrophs capture solar energy and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis, which is then passed on to herbivores, carnivores, and decomposers as they consume one another. This unidirectional flow of energy sustains the ecosystem and supports all living activities within it.

When the plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution , it takes up water by osmosis and starts to swell, but the cell wall prevents it from bursting.