UPSC CAPF Paper 1 Mock Test - 6 (General & Mental Ability) - CDS MCQ

The Preamble proclaims that India is a Sovereign State. 'Sovereign' means that India has its own independent authority and it is not a dominion or dependent state of any other external power.

The World Food Programme (WFP) is a UN agency that provides food assistance to countries facing hunger and malnutrition.

India and other small nations needed to organise the NAM to prevent their independence from being threatened by the two power blocs of the USA and USSR.

The correct answer is 15th July, 1997.

Key Points

• Jhajjar was separated from Rohtak district on 15th July 1997 (officially).
• Jhajjar district was created out of Rohtak district by carving out Jhajjar and Bahadurgarh tahsils on 25th June 1997. 
• During the period of 1991-2001, the following jurisdictional changes were observed.:
  • Bahadurgarh tahsil contained 62 villages and Bahadurgarh Town.
  • Jhajjar tahsil contained 199 villages and two towns, namely, Jhajjar and Beri, and these were part of Rohtak district.
  • Beri tahsil was newly created on 27th July 1995 by transferring 39 villages and Beri Town from Jhajjar tahsil.
  • Bahadurgarh tahsil gained 9 villages from Jhajjar tahsil and lost 2 villages to Rohtak tahsil (Rohtak district).

 

Explanation:
India has a wide range of natural vegetation due to its climate condition. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Climate diversity:
- India experiences various climatic conditions across different regions.
- The country has tropical, subtropical, and temperate climates, which support the growth of diverse types of vegetation.
2. Monsoon climate:
- The monsoon climate in India, characterized by heavy rainfall, is one of the major factors contributing to the rich vegetation.
- The southwest monsoon brings rain from June to September, while the northeast monsoon brings rainfall to the southeastern coast during October and November.
- These prolonged rainy seasons provide ample water for the growth of vegetation.
3. Himalayan range:
- The Himalayan mountain range in the northern part of India has a significant influence on the climate and vegetation.
- The higher altitudes have alpine vegetation, including coniferous forests, while the lower slopes have temperate forests.
- The Himalayas also act as a barrier, preventing the cold winds from the north, thus creating a favorable climate for vegetation.
4. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats:
- The Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats are mountain ranges that run parallel to the western and eastern coasts of India, respectively.
- These ranges receive heavy rainfall due to the southwest monsoon winds, leading to the growth of dense tropical rainforests.
5. Coastal regions:
- India has a long coastline, which includes coastal plains and mangrove forests.
- The coastal regions have unique vegetation adapted to the saline and marshy conditions.
6. Biodiversity hotspots:
- India is known for its biodiversity hotspots, such as the Western Ghats and the Eastern Himalayas.
- These regions support a wide range of plant species, including endemic and rare ones.
In conclusion, the climate condition in India, which includes diverse climates, monsoon rainfall, the presence of mountain ranges, and coastal regions, contributes to the wide range of natural vegetation found in the country.

A cottage industry is a small-scale, decentralized manufacturing business often operated out of a home rather than a purpose-built facility. Cottage industries are defined by the amount of investment required to start, as well as the number of people employed.

The correct answer is (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) -(i), (d) - (iii).

Key Points

Troposphere:  

• It is the lowest layer of the atmosphere - in which we live.
• It contains most of our weather - clouds, rain, snow.
• The lowest part of the Troposphere is called the boundary layer and the topmost part is called the tropopause.​

Stratosphere:

• This layer extends upwards from the tropopause to about 50 km.
• It contains much of the ozone in the atmosphere.
• The temperature in Stratosphere is highest over the summer pole and lowest over the winter pole.

Mesosphere:

• Above the stratosphere is the mesosphere. It extends upward to a height of about 85 km above our planet. Most meteors burn up in the mesosphere.
• The coldest temperature in the Earth's atmosphere, about -90 °C is found near the top of this layer.

Thermosphere: 

• This layer is found above Mesopause from 85 to 800 km.
• This is the warmest layer of the atmosphere.
• Aurora and satellites occur in this layer.

Exosphere​:

• ​This is the outermost layer of the atmosphere.
• It contains mainly oxygen and hydrogen atoms they are so few that they rarely collide.
• They follow ballistic trajectories under the influence of gravity, and some of them escape directly into space.

Ionosphere​:

• The ionosphere is a very active part of the atmosphere, and it grows and shrinks depending on the energy it absorbs from the Sun.
• The name ionosphere comes from the fact that gases in these layers are excited by solar radiation to form ions, which have an electrical charge.
• Due to the presence of ionized gasses, the ionosphere can reflect radio waves directed into the sky back toward the Earth.
• It overlaps the mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.

Thus, the correct match is (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) -(i), (d) - (iii)

The correct answer is Both 1 and 2

Key PointsAir Pollution 

• Air pollution is created when harmful substances, in the form of gases, liquids, or solids, enter the air.
• There are natural processes that create air pollution - such as
  • sulfur and chlorine gases from volcanic activity, smoke and ash from wildfires, dust storms (e.g. from the Sahara), and biological decay - but most pollution enters the air from human-made (anthropogenic) sources. Hence, options 1 and 2 are correct.
• Other natural sources are released during catastrophes such as volcanic eruptions and forest fires.
• Large amounts of harmful gases and smoke are released which can increase background pollution levels for years - even in areas far away from the original source.
• Ozone is one of the most common natural air pollutants.
• Most human-made air pollution comes from burning fossil fuels for transportation, electricity, and industry.
• Common pollutants produced by fossil fuel burning engines are carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulates.
• Stoves, incinerators, and open burning produce carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, as well as particulates.
• ​Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), which are used as refrigerants, are examples of pollutants that only come from human activity.

TU,   First rises till MU is positive, then reaches its maximum when MU=0,then starts falling when MU becomes negitive.

• According to the data released by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, the eight-core sector industries recorded a growth of 5.5% in February 2020.
• The eight Core Industries in decreasing order of their weightage: Refinery Products> Electricity> Steel> Coal> Crude Oil> Natural Gas> Cement> Fertilizers.

Aishwary Pratap Singh Tomar won the gold medal in the 50m rifle 3P event at the 2023 Asian Shooting Championship with a final score of 463.5. He defeated China's Tian Jiaming, who won the silver medal with a score of 462.7. Tomar's impressive performance at the Asian Shooting Championship made him the most successful Indian shooter at the event. He is a rising star in the sport of shooting and is expected to challenge for medals at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi was honoured with Bhutan’s highest civilian award, the 'Order of the Druk Gyalpo', during his state visit to Thimphu. This historic achievement marked him as the first non-Bhutanese recipient of this prestigious award.

The Indian Navy concluded the bi-annual 'Prasthan' exercise off the Mumbai coast, working with defence, state, and civil agencies to enhance preparedness and coordination in addressing contingencies related to oil production platforms.

The Rafah border crossing is the only land crossing between the Gaza Strip and Egypt. It is located in the northeastern corner of the Gaza Strip, near the city of Rafah.

Space One, a Tokyo-based startup, recently experienced a setback as their first privately developed rocket exploded after takeoff. Despite this setback, Space One aims to increase its launch frequency significantly in the coming years, showcasing its ambitions in the aerospace industry.

Union Home Minister Amit Shah unveiled a book titled ‘Memories Never Die,’ tribute to former President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam.
The Minister  unveiled the book during his two-day visit to the Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu. The book was co-authored by Dr. APJM Nasima Maraikayar and scientist Dr. Y. S. Rajan.

An atomic mass unit is defined as a mass equal to one twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon 12. The mass of any isotope of any element is expressed in relation to the carbon 12 standard.

• Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.

Fe + HCl →  FeCl₂  + H₂

• The iron displaces hydrogen from hydrochloric acid to form iron (II) chloride & hydrogen gas. This is a single displacement reaction.
• Thus the answer is option (A) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.

The energy possessed by an oscillating pendulum of a clock is called mechanicalenergy. It is a combination of kinetic energy and potential energy. Kinetic energy is the one that is due to the motion of an object whereas potential energy due to the virtue of an objects position.

Nuclear energy is one of the most environmentally friendly conventional sources of energy as it produces fewer greenhouse gas emissions during the production of electricity in comparison to sources like coal power plants.

When the train from Khandala starts off, the train from Lonavala will already have covered 50 kms.
Hence, 550 km at a relative speed of 60 kmph will take 550/60 hrs.
From this, you can get the answer as:
50 + (550/60) * 25 = 279.166 km.

• Pair 1 is correctly matched. A Bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism is indeed a being who seeks enlightenment not just for themselves but for all sentient beings.
• Pair 2 is correctly matched. Sallekhana is a Jain practice, not a Buddhist one, and it involves fasting to death as a means of purifying the soul.
• Pair 3 is correctly matched. Dukkha is a foundational concept in Buddhism that refers to the intrinsic suffering that exists in life due to desire, attachment, and ignorance.

Provincial Government during Delhi Sultanate:

• Iqtas, the provinces under the Delhi Sultanate were initially under the dominion of the nobles.
• Muqtis or Walis was the name given to the governors of the provinces who were responsible for maintaining law and order and collecting land revenue.
• The provinces were further divided into Shiqs, which were under the control of the Shiqdar.
• The Shiqs were further divided into Pargana, comprising a number of villages and was headed by the Amil.
• The village remained the basic unit of administration and its headman was called Chaudhri or Muqaddam.
• Patwari was the village accountant.

 

Rulers of Vijayanagar
Deva Raya I reigned from 1406–1422 CE
Virupaksha Raya II reigned from 1465-1485
Vira Narasimha Raya reigned from 1505–1509
Krishnadevaraya reigned from 1509–1529
Tirumala Deva Raya reigned from 1565–1572 CE
Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

The proposals were seen as too radical by the British and too conservative by the INC who wanted complete independence. The Mission was rejected by the INC, the Muslim League and other Indian groups.

Even before the proposed march began, thousands thronged to the ashram. Gandhi gave the following directions for future action. 

• Wherever possible civil disobedience of the salt law should be started. 

• Foreign liquor and cloth shops can be picketed. 

• We can refuse to pay taxes if we have the requisite strength. 

• Lawyers can give up the practice. 

• Public can boycott law courts by refraining from litigation. 

• Government servants can resign from their posts.

eukaryote,  any cell or organism that posseses a clearly defined nucleus. The eukaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane that surrounds the nucleus , in which the well defined  chromosomes are located.

In 1952, Hershey & Chase were the ones to conclusively prove that DNA is the genetic material. They worked with bacteriophages – viruses that infect bacteria. A bacteriophage attaches and delivers its genetic material into a bacterial cell, where it generates more virus particles.

The human sex chromosomes are a typical pair of allosomes. These chromosomes determine the sex of an individual when reproducing. Allosomes are also referred to as sex chromosomes or idiosomes

When the light travels through the glass, different spectrums of light travel through at different speeds. Spectrums with short wavelengths get slowed down much more than those with longer wavelengths. When light is slowed as it enters a medium it is refracted. That is, it changes direction. The more it's slowed, the further towards the “normal line” it will go. So slower light will bend more than faster light. The differences in speed that each spectrum of light has as it passes through the medium causes different angles of refraction, which in turn causes dispersion. As the light leaves the prism it disperses even more due to the light speeding up again. Because each spectrum travels at different speeds while in the glass they don't reach the other side at the same time. So, the red spectrum exits first and speeds up first while the blue or violet spectrum exits last and speeds up last.