Test: Data Communication and Networking - 2 - SSC CGL MCQ

In a Mesh Topology, every node has a dedicated point-to-point link to every other node in the network. This type of topology is highly reliable as it allows for multiple connections, ensuring that if one link fails, there are alternative paths for data transmission. This redundancy is a key feature of mesh networks, making them suitable for critical applications where continuous connectivity is essential.

In a Star Topology, peripheral nodes are connected to a central node that serves as a hub. This central node rebroadcasts transmissions from any peripheral node to all others in the network. This setup simplifies network management and troubleshooting since each device is connected directly to the central hub. However, the reliance on the central hub can be a single point of failure in this topology.

Ring Topology transmits data in the form of tokens over the network. This topology is commonly used in high-performance networks that require large bandwidth and deterministic access to the network. Protocols like Token Ring and Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) are based on the ring topology, where devices pass control of the network in a sequential manner.

Tree Topology is characterized by nodes arranged like an inverted tree, with the root node serving as a central hub or server. This topology allows for the connection of multiple devices to a single hub, distributing the functions of the central node across the network. Tree topologies are often used in large-scale networks where hierarchical structure and efficient data flow management are essential.

Bus Topology is commonly used for small, simple, or temporary network installations. In this topology, all nodes are connected to a single communication line, known as the bus. Data transmitted by any node is available to all other nodes on the bus. While bus topologies are easy to implement and cost-effective for small networks, they can suffer from performance issues as the network grows due to collisions and limited bandwidth sharing.

Network addresses in computer networking serve the purpose of facilitating communication between network devices. They are logical, software-based identifiers that enable devices to send and receive data across a network. By using network addresses, devices can locate and interact with each other efficiently, forming the basis of effective data transmission in a network environment.

Ethernet LAN networks typically utilize a bus topology. In a bus network, all devices are connected to a single communication line, called the bus. This setup allows data to be transmitted from one end of the network to the other, with devices receiving the data intended for them. Ethernet LAN's use of a bus topology simplifies network design and is well-suited for small to medium-sized networks.

In networking, a Token is a small message passed between stations to control network access. It plays a crucial role in token passing network protocols by regulating which device has the right to transmit data at a given time. By passing the Token, devices are granted permission to send data over the network, ensuring orderly and efficient communication.

Bandwidth in data transmission is akin to a speedometer, measuring the speed at which data can be transmitted over a network. It indicates the capacity of the network to transfer data within a given timeframe, typically measured in cycles per second (CPS) or Hertz (Hz). A higher bandwidth allows for faster data transfer rates, enabling more efficient communication between devices on the network.

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is a channel access method commonly used in cellular networks. It enables multiple users to share the same physical channel by assigning a unique code to each transmitter. This technology allows for efficient utilization of the available spectrum, enabling simultaneous communication from multiple users within the same frequency band.