Test: Indian Defence Programme - SSC CGL MCQ

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) was established in 1958. This marked a significant milestone in India's defense capabilities, as the organization strives to enhance the country's scientific and technological foundations to bolster national security.

The primary vision of DRDO, as highlighted in the text, is to make India prosperous by building a world-class science and technology foundation. By aiming to provide the country's defense services with cutting-edge systems and solutions, DRDO contributes significantly to India's defense capabilities and technological advancements.

The primary focus of DRDO's mission is to enhance combat efficiency and ensure the welfare of the troops. This involves designing, developing, and producing advanced sensors, weapons, systems, platforms, and related equipment for the defense forces. By delivering technological solutions that improve combat capabilities and prioritize troop well-being, DRDO plays a crucial role in strengthening national defense.

Shri S Christopher currently holds the esteemed positions of Chief of DRDO, Secretary of the Department of Defence R&D, and Director General of R&D. This role is pivotal in spearheading technological advancements and research initiatives within India's defense sector. Christopher's leadership plays a crucial role in shaping the country's defense capabilities and innovations.

The Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (CAIR) is located in Bengaluru. This center plays a key role in advancing research and development in the fields of artificial intelligence and robotics, contributing to cutting-edge technological innovations in defense and beyond. The strategic location of CAIR in Bengaluru, a hub of technological expertise, facilitates collaboration and synergy with other research institutions and industries in the region.

Surface to Surface Missiles (SSMs) are a category of missiles specifically designed to strike targets on the ground. These missiles can be launched from various platforms such as handheld devices, vehicles, trailers, fixed installations, or ships. Their primary operational role is to deliver their payloads accurately to ground-based targets, distinguishing them from other types of missiles like anti-ship or anti-aircraft missiles.

Anti-ship Missiles and Anti-tank Guided Missiles differ in their design and operational roles. Anti-ship Missiles, as described in the passage, travel close to the ground or sea surface and often execute a maneuver such as popping up or jinking just before striking their target, typically a ship. In contrast, Anti-tank Guided Missiles are specifically designed to target armored vehicles and typically fly close to the ground, with a typical range of about 5 km.

The main aim of India's Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) initiated in 1983 under Dr. Abdul Kalam was to consolidate the country's technological capabilities in propulsion, navigation, and materials manufacturing. This initiative sought to enhance India's indigenous missile development capabilities and self-reliance in defense technologies.

The Interim Test Range at Balasore, Odisha, played a crucial role in supporting testing activities for missiles developed as part of India's missile development program. This facility provided a controlled environment for testing and validating the performance and capabilities of various missile systems, contributing to the advancement of India's missile technology and defense capabilities.

Agni-V is classified as an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) in the Agni missile series. ICBMs are designed for long-range strategic missions, typically exceeding 5,500 km. Agni-V, with a range of 5,000-5,500 km, falls into this category, indicating its capability for extended-range operations, making it a significant asset for India's strategic defense.

The Trishul Missile System is specifically designed for engaging low-altitude targets within a range of 12 km. This short-range surface-to-air missile system is optimized for countering threats at close ranges, making it an ideal choice for scenarios where low-altitude targets need to be neutralized swiftly and effectively.

The Barak missile system, purchased from Israel, is specifically designed to protect ships from aerial threats. It is a vital component in naval defense systems, providing a robust defense against incoming airborne threats and ensuring the safety of naval vessels.

The Sagarika / K-15 missile is a nuclear-capable Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM) with an impressive range of 700 km. This missile plays a significant role in India's naval defense capabilities, offering a strategic deterrent from submarines and enhancing the country's defense posture.

DRDO operates under the Department of Defence Research and Development, which is a part of the Ministry of Defence. This organizational structure ensures that DRDO remains closely aligned with the defense priorities of the country and facilitates efficient coordination in the development of defense technologies and solutions.

Bharat Dynamics Ltd. was established in the year 1970. This significant milestone marked the beginning of a new era in India's defense manufacturing capabilities. The establishment of Bharat Dynamics Ltd. has played a crucial role in the development and production of advanced defense systems and strategic weapons for the country.