ESE (CE) Paper I Mock Test - 1 - Civil Engineering (CE) MCQ

Photochemical smog is the resultant of the reaction among NO₂, O₃, and PAN in the presence of sunlight. Smog is a secondary pollutant, which has made up of Smoke and Fog. Traditionally, the smog has resulted from large amounts of coal burning in an area caused by a mixture of smoke and sulfur dioxide. The major chemical pollutants in Photochemical smog are NO, NO₂, volatile organic compounds, Ozone, and PAN Peroxyacetyl Nitrate. NO₂ decreases visibility due to yellowish colour.

Appraisal cost should be minimum to get optimum level of quality of production.

Cost of Quality is the cost of those activities which an organization has incurred in order to maintain the quality over and above the minimum cost required to complete the production. It is broadly classified into two divisions:

• Cost of Conformance: The cost incurred while providing the products or services of required standards is called the cost of conformance. It includes the cost of prevention and the cost of the appraisal.
• Cost of Non-Conformance: It is also called the cost of failure and it takes place due to the products not operating as per the required specifications and standards. It includes the cost of internal failure and the cost of external failure.

Appraisal costs: Costs that are incurred to identify defective products before they are shipped to customers. These are also called 'Inspection Costs'. Ex- Final product testing and inspection cost, QC cost.

Hence the correct option is (C).

'Tendencies which include, solving problems through peaceful and constructive mean and follow the path of the golden mean between the extremes of 'excess and deficiency.' is a wrong statement.

Service learning refers to learning the service policies, procedures, norms, and conditions, other than 'the technical trade practices'. The service learning includes the characteristics of the work, basic requirements, security of the job, and awareness of the procedures, while taking decisions and actions. Virtues are tendencies which include, solving problems through peaceful and constructive means and follow the path of the golden mean between the extremes of "excess and deficiency.

Challa Sreenivasulu Setty has been chosen by the Financial Services Institution Bureau (FSIB) to succeed Dinesh Khara as the next chairman of the State Bank of India (SBI). Setty, currently serving as the senior Managing Director at SBI, brings over 35 years of experience within the bank, having held various significant roles including Deputy Managing Director and Chief General Manager. His selection reflects his extensive banking expertise and leadership capabilities in navigating complex financial landscapes.

The effect of carbon monoxide is It affects oxygen carrying capacity of blood. Carbon monoxide, which is one of the environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) constituents, in addition to its reprotoxic effects, binds directly to hemoglobin, forming carboxyhemoglobin and thus decreasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, which in turn can result in adverse health effects on the cardiovascular system.

The Price Stabilization Fund (PSF) was set up in 2014-15 under the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare (DAC&FW) to help regulate the price volatility of important agri-horticultural commodities like onion, potatoes and pulses were also added subsequently.

The scheme provides for maintaining a strategic buffer of aforementioned commodities for subsequent calibrated release to moderate price volatility and discourage hoarding and unscrupulous speculation. Therefore, statement 1 is correct.

For building such stock, the scheme promotes direct purchase from farmers/farmers’ association at farm gate/Mandi. Apart from domestic procurement from farmers/wholesale mandis, import may also be undertaken with support from the Fund. Therefore, statement 2 is correct.

The Price Stabilization Fund will be managed centrally by a Price Stabilization Fund Management Committee (PSFMC) which will approve all proposals from State Governments and Central Agencies.

The PSF will be maintained as a Central Corpus Fund by the Small Farmers Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC), a society promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture for linking agriculture to private businesses and investments and technology. SFAC will act as Fund Manager. Therefore, statement 3 is not correct.

LCM of two numbers is 20 times of their HCF and the sum of LCM and HCF is 2520 and one number is 480.
Let HCF of those two numbers be x.
Then LCM of those two numbers = 20x 
From the given condition,
x + 20x = 2520
⇒ 21x = 2520
⇒ 120
∴ HCF of those two number is 120
And LCM of those two numbers is 20 x 120
Now, one number is 480.
Let, another number is y.
Then,
480 x y = 120 x 120 x 20
⇒ y = 600
∴ Another number is 600.

Given:
Rate of interest = 2.5% per month

Amount paid after 6 months = Rs 13110

Amount, A = P + SI 

Simple interest,

Where P = Principal, R = rate of interest, T = time

Suppose the sum borrowed be Rs x

A = x + 0.15x = 1.15x
1.15x = 13110
⇒ x = 11400
⇒ Amount of interest = 0.15 x 11400
= Rs 1710
So, the amount of interest after 6 months paid by the person to clear his dues is Rs 1710.

Given,

The property of any two complex numbers is,

Now,

Also, 

So, 

Material science is the branch of engineering which deals with the study of structure, properties and applications of materials. A wide variety of materials are used in applications where resistance to mechanical loading is necessary. These are collectively called engineering materials and can be broadly classified as metals and alloys, polymers, ceramics and glasses, and composites. Properties of materials are greatly influenced by the structure of materials. Material properties are dependent on their micro-structure and response to force fields and surface interaction.

Besides species diversity and ecosystem diversity, genetic diversity is included in the term "bio-diversity".

Types of Biodiversity:

Genetic diversity: It is the variation of genes within the species. This result distinct population of one, even same species. It gives genetic variation within a population or varieties within one species.

Species diversity: This refers to the variety of species within a particular region. The number of species in a region is a measure for such diversity. The richness of species in a given region provides a yard stick for species diversity.

Ecological diversity: This is the number of species in a community of organisms. Maintaining both types of diversity is fundamental to the functioning of ecosystems and hence to human welfare.

Green financing is to increase the level of financial flows (from banking, micro-credit, insurance and investment) from the public, private and not-for-profit sectors to sustainable development priorities.

A key part of this is to better manage environmental and social risks, take up opportunities that bring both a decent rate of return and environmental benefit and deliver greater accountability.

Green financing could be promoted through changes in countries’ regulatory frameworks, harmonizing public financial incentives, increases in green financing from different sectors, alignment of public sector financing decision-making with the environmental dimension of the Sustainable Development Goals, increases in investment in clean and green technologies, financing for sustainable natural resource-based green economies and climate-smart blue economy, increase use of green bonds, and so on.

Six Sigma is a quality management methodology used to help businesses improve current processes, products or services by discovering and eliminating defects. The goal is to streamline quality control in manufacturing or business processes so there is little to no variance throughout.  It was introduced by Bill Smith in 1986, while working at Motorola. It uses techniques like DMAIC(Define, measure, analyze, improve, and control) to improve the quality of output of a process by identifying the causes of defects and minimising the variations. Six Sigma level allows only 3.4 defects per one million opportunities.

Hence the correct option is (D).

Tata Group has been identified as India’s most valuable brand with a reported value of US$ 28.6 billion, marking a significant increase from the previous year. This underscores Tata Group's strong market presence and strategic brand management, positioning it ahead of other prominent entities like Infosys and HDFC Group in terms of brand value.

The equivalent discount of two successive discounts of 20% and 10%

or

∴ Discount on the list price of radio offered by the first shopkeeper

of Rs 280.

Also, the equivalent discount of two successive discounts of 15% and 15%

∴ Discount on the list price of radio offered by the second shopkeeper.

of

= Rs 277.50  
∴ Difference in discounts offered by the two shopkeepers = Rs (280 - 277.50) = Rs 2.50.

The control chart, that is used for the number of defects per unit is known as c-chart.

The c-chart is also known as the control chart for defects (counting the number of defects). It is generally used to monitor the number of defects in constant size units. There may be a single type of defect or several different types, but the c-chart tracks the total number of defects in each unit.

Control charts are a statistical process control chart. It is one of several graphical tools typically used in quality control analysis to understand how a process changes over time.

Hence the correct option is (A).

The word “Lockdown” has been selected as the Collins Dictionary word of the year 2020. The word has been chosen for a sudden increase in usage of the word during the spread of Covid-19.

Lexicographers have stated that they have picked the word since it had become synonymous with the experience of populations across the world as governments look to curb the coronavirus pandemic.

Given,

Regression lines:
x+2 y-5=0 
2x+3 y-8=0 
var(x)=σ_x=12

Now,

x + 2y - 5 = 0 ....(i) 

Let, be the regression line of y on x [from equation (i)]

Now,

2x + 3y - 8 

be the regressiopn line of x on y

⇒ b_xy = -1/2 and b_yx  = -3/2

b_xy =  Regression line of y on x

b_yx =  Regression line of x on y

We know that regression coefficient

We know that,

Given,

The two lines of regression are 4x − 10y = 66 and 10x − 9y = 214

Now,

4x - 10y = 66

⇒ 10y = 4x - 66

⇒ b_yx = 4/10

⇒ b_yx = 2/5

And,

10x - 9y = 214

⇒10x = 9y + 214 

⇒ b_xy = 9/10

Now,

Coefficient of correlation

b_xy > 0 and b_yx > 0

So,

r = 3/5

Here, the standard deviation of x series is 12

σ_x = 12

We know that,

So,

Given:

A can complete a piece of task in = 10 hours

B and C together can complete in = 12 hours

A and C together can complete it in = 6 hours.

Formula:

Total work = Efficiency x Time Taken

Calculation:

Total work = 60 unit (LCM of 10, 12, 6)

Efficiency of A  = 60/10 = 6 units/day

Efficiency of C  = (60/6) - 6 = 4 units/day

Efficiency of B = (60/12) - 4 = 1 units/day

∴  B alone can complete the whole work in = 60/1 = 60 hours.

A REIT works very much like a mutual fund. It pools funds from investors and invests them in rent-generating properties. REITs are investment vehicles that own, operate and manage a portfolio of income-generating properties for regular returns. These are usually commercial properties (offices, shopping centres, hotels etc.) that generate rental income. So, statement 1 is correct.

REITs are regulated by the securities market regulator in India- Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). In September 2014, SEBI notified the SEBI (Real Estate Investment trusts) Regulations, 2014 for providing a framework for registration and regulation of REITs in India. So, statement 2 is correct.

Markets regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has been easing rules to make REITs more attractive to investors. SEBI allowed the markets regulator to permitted mutual funds to invest in REITs. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) further allowed banks to invest in such investment trusts following a request from the markets regulator. Another such trust for investment is InvITs (infrastructure investment trusts). InvITs are trusts that manage income-generating infrastructure assets, typically offering investors regular yield and a liquid method of investing in infrastructure projects. So, statement 3 is incorrect.

The Taguchi method of quality control is an approach to engineering that emphasizes the roles of research and development (R&D), and product design and development in reducing the occurrence of defects and failures in manufactured goods. This method, developed by Japanese engineer and statistician Genichi Taguchi, considers design to be more important than the manufacturing process in quality control and aims to eliminate variances in production before they can occur.

Quality management tool that provides a visual connective process to help teams focus on the needs of the customers throughout the total development cycle of a product or process. It provides the means for translating customer needs into appropriate technical requirements for each stage of a product/process-development life-cycle. It helps to develop more customer-oriented, higher-quality products.

The process of managing the quality of services delivered to a customer according to his expectations is called Service Quality Management. It basically assesses how well a service has been given, so as to improve its quality in the future, identify problems and correct them to increase customer satisfaction.

Hence the correct option is (D).

Given,

X,Y be two poisson distributed independent random variables,

Now,

We know that,

The correlation coefficient is given by,

⇒ Cov (X,Y) = E(CY) - E(X)E(Y)

Where, Cov (X,Y) covariance of X and Y; σ =  standard deviation; E= expectation,

So,

E(X) = λ, Var(X) = λ,σ_x = √λ
E(Y) λ, Var(Y) = λ, σ_y = √λ
E(XY) = E(X)E(Y), since independent variables.

Now,

Z = X  + Y 

⇒ E(Z) = E(X) + E(Y) = 2λ
∵ Var(Z) = Var(X) + Var(Y) = 2λ
⇒σ_z= √2λ
Now,
Cov(X, Z) = E(XZ) – E(X)E(Z)
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = E(X² + XY) - E(X)E(Z)
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = E(X²) + E(XY) - E(X)E(Z)
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = Var(X) + [E(X)]² + E(XY) - E(X)E(Z)
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = λ + λ² +λ² -λ x 2λ
⇒ Cov(X, Z) = λ

We know that,
Amount (A) = Principal (P) + Simple Interest (SI)

Simple Interest

Where,

P = Principal
N = Time Duration
R = Rate of Interest
SI = Simple Interest
Given, In certain years a sum of money is doubled itself
Let the time required and principal be t years and Rs. P respectively.

Amount  = 2P
As, Amount  (A) = S.I + P 
We know that

Given,
r = 6.25% 
⇒ P = (p * r * t)/100
⇒ t = 100/r
⇒ t = 100/6.25
=16 years
∴ The required time in years will be 16 years.

The correct ascending order of packing density for the given crystal structures of metals is Simple cubic - Body centered cubic - Face centered cubic.

The packing density is the ratio of atomic volume within a unit cell to the total volume of the unit cell. The atomic packing fraction of simple cubic, face centered cubic and body centered cubic are  52.4%, 74% and  68% respectively.

The concept of Sustainable Development was emphasised by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED).

It defined sustainable development as 'Development that meets the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs.

Sustainable Development aims at decreasing the absolute poverty of the poor by providing lasting and secure livelihoods that minimise resource depletion, environmental degradation, cultural disruption and social instability.

India's first Constitution Park was inaugurated in Pune, marking a significant collaboration between the Indian Army and the Punit Balan Group. Lt. Gen. Ajai Kumar Singh emphasized the importance of citizens understanding and fulfilling their duties outlined in the Constitution to drive India towards development by 2047.

Safety was defined as the risk that is known and judged as acceptable. But, risk is a potential that Something unwanted and harmful may occur. The terms of safety and risk are inter-related. According to William W Lowrance, the famous consultant of those times, Safety was defined as “A thing is safe if its risks are judged to be acceptable.”

In first option, given that the newspapers and televised news programs have more comprehensive coverage of violent crime than newspaper did in the old days. As we know, the technology has been improved, reporters are more accessible to crimes. Anything that shows that violence levels have been the same or that news reports and level of crime doesn't relate. So this is a competing alternative cause.

In the second option is irrelevant there is nothing mentioned about national data in the statement.

In the third option is also irrelevant as there is nothing mentioned about the police records in the statement.

In the fourth option, there is only focus on the crime related to murder, but there are a lot more violent crime other than murder that are also problematic, so it is also irrelevant.