English & General Awareness - 2 - SSC CGL MCQ

The correct answer is '​doesn't like to do things.

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the use of 'to doing' is incorrect.
• We have to choose between an infinitive (like to do) or a gerund (like doing).
• We will use gerund(like +ing) form when we enjoy something.
• We will use the infinitive (like + to do) when it is our habit or something that (although not enjoyable) we will consider convenient, helpful, and appropriate.
• In the above sentence 'does not like to do' will be the correction to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is Option 1. i.e. Perturbation

Key Points

• The correctly spelt word is Perturbation. (व्याकुलता)
  • Example: The news of the disaster caused great perturbation among the community members.
• Perturbation means anxiety; mental uneasiness. (चिंता)

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 1.

Additional Information

• Pertuberation, Pertubation, and Pertuebation are all incorrect spellings of the word Perturbation.

The correct answer is High-quality products are produced by the company.

Key Points

• The type of the sentence is declarative, and the tense of the given sentence is present simple.
• The subject of the given sentence is "The company" and the object is "high-quality products."
• Active Format:
  • Subject + V1 (base form of the verb) + Object.
  • For example, "The chef cooks meals."
• Passive Format:
  • Subject (Objective case) + are/is + V3 (past participle form of the verb) + by + Object (Subjective case).
  • For example, "Meals are cooked by the chef."

Therefore, the correct answer is- “High-quality products are produced by the company.”

Additional Information

• Option 2 ("High-quality products are being produced by the company.") suggests an ongoing action, which is the present continuous tense, not the simple present tense as in the original sentence.
• Option 3 ("High-quality products were produced by the company.") changes the tense to past simple, altering the timing of the action from the original.
• Option 4 ("High-quality products produced by the company.") lacks a helping verb, failing to clarify that the statement is in passive voice, making it incomplete or ambiguous.

The correct answer is 'Scuttle'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'Bustle' is 'Scuttle'.
• Let's look at the meaning and examples of the words given in the Options:

• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

आइए दिए गए शब्दों के अर्थ देखें:

The correct answer is “About 30 per cent of India's freshwater resources and 40 per cent of its total hydroelectric potential."

Key Points

• Option '2' is correct, this answer is mentioned in the second line of the second paragraph.
• Refer to: “….The river accounts for about 30 per cent of India's freshwater resources and 40 per cent of its total hydroelectric potential.........…." In this context, option ‘2’ is the correct answer.
• Options ‘1,’ ‘3’ and ‘4’ is incorrect as they have not been mentioned anywhere in the passage.

Hence, the correct answer is “About 30 per cent of India's freshwater resources and 40 per cent of its total hydroelectric potential.”

The correct answer is “The construction of a 10-gigawatt dam is being considered.​”

Key Points

• Option '3' is correct, this answer is mentioned in the fourth line of the passage.
• Refer to: “….Delhi has also announced that it is considering building a 10-gigawatt dam to reduce the impact on water flow from China's megaproject.......…." In this context, option ‘3’ is the correct answer.
• There is no evidence in the passage to accept options 1',’ ‘2’ and ‘4’ as the correct answers.

Hence, the correct answer is “constructing a 10-gigawatt dam is being considered.”

The correct answer is: For instance

Key Points

• Let's look at the usage of the given words.
  • 'For instance' is used especially as an example of something that happens generally.
  • 'Therefore' is used as a result; because of that; for that reason.
  • 'In addition' is used as an extra piece of information.
  • 'Likewise' is used in the same way or manner; similarly.
• The implied meaning of the sentence is: "For example, the majority of people in nations with high vaccination rates have never directly encountered the sickness that vaccines can prevent."
• So, as per the usage of the given words "For instance" is the most appropriate option.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Complete passage: Claims have been made that vaccines are responsible for certain (1) adverse health conditions, particularly autism, speech disorders, and inflammatory bowel disease. Some of those claims focused on thimerosal, a mercury-containing compound used as a preservative in vaccines. Some people believed that autism (2) was a form of mercury poisoning, caused specifically by thimerosal in childhood vaccines. Those claims have been discredited. Still, misinformation and fear generated by false claims about associations (3) between autism and vaccines had a significant impact on individuals’ perceptions about vaccine safety. (4) for instance, most individuals in countries where vaccination is widespread have never personally experienced the vaccine-preventable disease. Thus, the focus of concern for some people shifted from the negative effects of the vaccine-preventable disease to the possible negative effects of the vaccines (5)__________.

The correct answer is: themselves.

Key Points

• Let's look at the usage of the given reflexive pronouns.
• A reflexive pronoun is a pronoun used as an object that refers to the same person or thing as the subject.
  • 'Themselves' is used as the object of a verb or preposition to refer to a group of people or things previously mentioned as the subject of the clause.
  • 'Yourself' is used to refer to the person being addressed as the object of a verb or preposition when they are also the subject of the clause.
  • 'Ourselves' is used as the object of a verb or preposition when this is the same as the subject of the clause and the subject is the speaker and one or more other people considered together.
  • 'Itself' is used as the object of a verb or preposition to refer to a thing or animal previously mentioned as the subject of the clause.
• Since 'themselves' is an empathetic pronoun, it has the same connotations as "vaccines". "themselves" refer to the "vaccines" in this context.
• So, as per the usage of the given pronouns "themselves" is the most appropriate option.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Complete passage: Claims have been made that vaccines are responsible for certain (1) adverse health conditions, particularly autism, speech disorders, and inflammatory bowel disease. Some of those claims focused on thimerosal, a mercury-containing compound used as a preservative in vaccines. Some people believed that autism (2) was a form of mercury poisoning, caused specifically by thimerosal in childhood vaccines. Those claims have been discredited. Still, misinformation and fear generated by false claims about associations (3) between autism and vaccines had a significant impact on individuals’ perceptions about vaccine safety. (4) for instance, most individuals in countries where vaccination is widespread have never personally experienced the vaccine-preventable disease. Thus, the focus of concern for some people shifted from the negative effects of the vaccine-preventable disease to the possible negative effects of the vaccines (5) themselves.

In the given sentence, error is in option C.
With ‘suffer’ we use preposition ‘from,’ especially when the suffering is with respect to a disease.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.

Since we are talking about a reaction to an injury or an allergy, the most appropriate word for the blank is response.
Hence, option D is the correct answer.

In the given context, antihistamine is presented as a medicine in reaction to bee sting. Usually, we take a medicine. Thus, most appropriate word for the blank is take.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

The given words can be defined as:
Problem: a matter or situation regarded as unwelcome or harmful and needing to be dealt with and overcome
Dilemma: a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially ones that are equally undesirable
Impasse a situation in which no progress is possible, especially because of disagreement
Stickler: a person who insists on a certain quality or type of behaviour
In the given context, histamine, when not broken down properly can lead to a problem.
Hence, option A is the correct answer.

“headaches, diarrhoea, wheezing and fatigue” can only be describe as symptoms.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 1, 2, and 3.

Key Points

Gupta Dynasty:

• The founder of the Gupta dynasty was Sri Gupta.
• He was succeeded by Ghatotkacha. These two were called Maharajas.
• The next ruler was Chandragupta I and he was the first to be called Maharajadhiraja.
• Chandragupta, I was succeeded by Samudragupta in about 330 A.D., who reigned for about fifty years.
• Chandra Gupta I married Lichchavi princess Kumaradevi and started a matrimonial alliance that helps him to control the portion of Bihar and Nepal.
• Samudragupta was the son of Chandra Gupta I and Lichchavi princess Kumaradevi, hence known as Lichavi Dauhitra. Hence statement 3 is correct.
• Samudragupta was a great military genius and is said to have commanded a military campaign across the Deccan, and also subdued the forest tribes of the Vindhya region.
• Hence, he was known as Nepolean of India. Hence statement 1 is correct.
• Much information related to Samudragupta is known from a long inscription, inscribed on the Ashokan pillar at Allahabad (now Prayagraj).
• It was composed as a Kavya by Harisena, who was a poet and a minister at the court of Samudragupta.
• This inscription is of a special kind known as a Prashasti, meaning 'in praise of.
• According to Allahabad Prasasti's exaggerated picture, SamudraGupta was a mano of many-sided genius, who put to shame the preceptor of the lord Gods and Tumburu and Narad and others by his sharp and polished intellect and Chorla -skill and musical accomplishment.
• His title of Kaviraj (King of poets) is justified by various poetical compositions. Hence statement 2 is correct.

The correct answer is Article 21.

Key Points

• Article 21- Protection of Life And Personal Liberty
• It states that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to the procedure established by law.
• Through various judgments, the Apex Court provided a list of some rights that are included in Article 21. They are as follows-
  • Right to live with human dignity
  • Right to a decent environment and protection from pollution
  • Right to livelihood
  • Right to privacy
  • Right to shelter
  • Right to health
  • Right to sleep
  • Right to electricity
  • Right to hearing
  • Right to legal aid
  • Right to information
  • Right to travel abroad.

Additional Information

• Article 21 is available for both citizens and non-citizens.
• The right to life and personal liberty can only be deprived by the procedure prescribed by law is reasonable and fair.
• It added the Right to life in Article 21.
• In Puttuswamy vs Union of India judgment, the Supreme court declared the Right to privacy as a fundamental right protected under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution.

The correct option is '3 p.m'
Key Points

• The reasoning for this can be explained by the understanding of how longitude influences time. Greenwich Meridian Time (GMT) is located at 0° longitude. When we move towards the east of GMT, it takes 4 minutes to cross each degree of longitude[1].
• So since we're trying to calculate the time at 45° East longitude, we would multiply the number of degrees by the time it takes to cross each degree:
• 45 degrees * 4 minutes/degree = 180 minutes
• 180 minutes is equivalent to 3 hours. If we add these 3 hours to the 12 noon which is the time at GMT:
• 12 noon GMT + 3 hours = 3 p.m.
• This means that when it is 12 noon GMT, it is indeed 3 p.m. at a location that is 45° East longitude. Therefore, the correct choice would be 2) 3 p.m.

The correct answer is Odisha.

Key Points

• Pattachitra is indeed one of the oldest and most popular art forms of Odisha, a state located in the eastern part of India.
• "Patta" means "cloth" in the local language, and "chitra" means "painting."
• Pattachitra paintings are intricately detailed and vibrant, characterized by their use of bright colors and intricate designs.
• Pattachitra art has a rich history that dates back centuries and has been passed down through generations of artists.
• These paintings are typically done on cloth, specifically treated cotton or silk fabric.
• The artists begin by preparing the canvas with a coating of a mixture of chalk and gum, known as "niryas kalpa," which gives the cloth a smooth texture suitable for painting.
• The subjects of Pattachitra paintings are often inspired by Hindu mythology and religious themes.
• The artists depict scenes from epics like the Mahabharata and the Ramayana, as well as various deities, including Lord Krishna, Lord Jagannath, and Goddess Durga.

• The paintings are known for their intricate detailing, vibrant colors derived from natural pigments, and use of traditional techniques.

Therefore, the correct answer is Odisha.

The correct answer is Justiciable.

Key Points

• The Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens were not part of the original Constitution. These were introduced later by the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976, based on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee. The duties are listed in Part IVA (Article 51A) of the Indian Constitution.
• Fundamental Duties, as per the Indian Constitution, have been established to promote a sense of respect and responsibility amongst citizens. Importantly, these duties are non-justiciable—they cannot be enforced through legal proceedings. This is in stark contrast with Fundamental Rights, which are enforceable in nature.
• The Fundamental Duties covered under Article 51A are ten in number and they were later expanded to eleven by the 86th Amendment in 2002.
• The Fundamental Rights, outlined in Part III of the constitution from Article 12 to 35, are integral to the Indian Constitution. Drafted by Dr. Ambedkar and the other framers of the Constitution, these rights were derived from the US Bill of Rights, the Irish Constitution, and various other sources. These rights are justiciable, meaning they can be enforced through the courts. If a person feels their Fundamental Rights have been violated, they can directly approach the Supreme Court or High Courts for enforcement or protection of such rights, according to Article 32 and Article 226 of the Constitution respectively.
• Fundamental Duties were not included in this part to maintain a clear demarcation between the rights that are enforceable by law (such as the fundamental rights) and moral obligations or responsibilities (such as the fundamental duties) that are not legally enforceable.

Additional Information
Fundamental Duties (Part IVA: Article 51A):

The correct answer is 127.

Key Points

• The 2023 edition of the Global Gender Gap Report ranks India 127th out of 146 nations worldwide.
• The World Economic Forum (WEF) publishes the Global Gender Gap Report.

• Every year, the Global Gender Gap Report compares the progress and status of gender parity in four key domains:
  • Economic Participation and Opportunity
  • Education Attainment
  • Health and Survival
  • Political Empowerment
• The first global gender gap index was released in 2006.
• Key findings of the report:
  • The gender gap bridged globally is now at 68.4%, up 0.3% from the previous edition.
  • The gender gap has been narrowed in India by 64.3% overall.
  • However, the nation has only attained 36.7% parity in terms of economic opportunity and participation.
• Iceland ranked #1 for a straight 14 years, according to the Global Gender Gap Report 2023.
  • It is the only nation to have closed the gender gap by over 90%.

Additional Information

• World Economic Forum (WEF):
  • The World Economic Forum (WEF) is a non-profit foundation based in Switzerland that was founded in 1971 with the goal of offering a forum for the settlement of global disputes.
  • HQ: Geneva, Switzerland
  • Reports:
    • Global Competitiveness Report (GCR)
    • Global Gender Gap Report
    • Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report
    • Global Information Technology Report
    • Environmental Performance Index (EPI)
• India is ranked 135th out of 146 countries that were evaluated for the Global Gender Gap Report 2022.

The correct answer is 3 and 4 only.

Key Points

Distribution of Laterite Soil:

• Predominantly located in the Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats.
• Also found in parts of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Orissa, Jharkhand, Kerala, and Assam. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.

Nature and Composition:

• Laterite soil is a blend of soil and rock.
• Contains approximately 90% iron, aluminum, titanium, and manganese oxides.
• They are formed from the decomposition of rocks and contain iron oxide, which gives them a red or pink color. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• Deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, lime, and magnesia, leading to lower fertility. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect and Statement 4 is correct.
• Notably, its high iron oxide content imparts a reddish hue.

Formation Factors:

• Formed primarily through:
  • Weathering processes.
  • Leaching of parent rocks.
  • Cycles of wet and dry seasons.

Conditions conducive to laterite soil formation include:

• Elevated temperatures and Heavy rainfall coupled with alternating wet and dry periods.

Suitable Agricultural Uses:

• Suited for cultivating plantation crops such as tea, coffee, rubber, and cinchona.
• Adequate irrigation and fertilizer application are essential for successful cultivation.

The correct answer is the Scattering of light.

Key Points

• The blue color of the sky is due to the scattering of light by the atmospheric particles.
• Light of shorter wavelength scatters more than the light of longer wavelengths and the violet color has a shorter wavelength, but our eyes are more sensitive to blue light. Hence, the color of a clear sky is blue.
• 

Additional Information

• Light is scattered by molecules of dust, and water vapor in the air.
• A clear cloudless sky is blue because molecules in the air scatter blue light from the sun more than they scatter red light.
• When we look towards the sun at sunset, we see red and orange colors because the blue light has been scattered out and away from the line of sight.
• Dispersion: The white light gets split into constituent "VIBGYOR".
• Interference: The change in waveform because of the superimposition of two or more light waves.

The correct answer is pole

Key Points

• A curved surface whose reflecting surface is a cut part of a hollow glass sphere is called a spherical mirror.
  • Two types of spherical mirrors are Concave mirrors and Convex mirrors.
• A spherical mirror whose outer surface is reflecting and the inner surface is polished, is called a convex mirror.
• A spherical mirror whose reflecting surface is inwards and whose outer surface is polished is called a concave mirror.
• Pole is the central point of the reflecting surface of the mirror. Hence option 1 is correct.
• 

Additional Information

• The aperture is the diameter of the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror.
• The radius of curvature is the radius of a sphere of which the mirror is a part.
• Focal length is the distance between the principal focus and the pole of the mirror.
• The concave mirror is called a converging mirror and the convex mirror is called a diverging mirror.

The correct answer is 82.30’ E Longitude.

Key Points

• India's central meridian passes through Mirzapur.
• Mirzapur is located at 25.15°N 82.58°E.
• Longitude 82°30' E is India's normal/standard meridian.
• Indian standard time is calculated on the basis of India's normal meridian from a clock tower in Mirzapur.
• Mirzapur is a city in Uttar Pradesh.
  • Mirzapur is famous for its carpets and brassware industries.
  • It is also famous for the holy shrine of Vindhyachal.
  • The word meaning of Mirzapur is the place of King.

Additional Information

• The standard meridian of India passes through the following five Indian states namely:
  • Uttar Pradesh
  • Madhya Prades
  • Chattisgarh
  • Orissa
  • Andhra Pradesh
• Greenwich is a city in London, England.
• Ahmedabad is a city in Gujarat.

"We Make You Feel Richer" is the tagline of IndusInd Bank.
Hence, Option C is correct.

Sound can propagate through compressible media such as air, water and solids as longitudinal waves and also as a transverse wave in solids.
Hence option B is correct.

Meghdoot is a lyric poem written by Kalidasa, considered to be one of the greatest Sanskrit poets.
Hence, option A is correct.

Indirect tax is something that a manufacturer pays to the Government of his country. The burden of tax payment is on end consumer as they are the ones purchasing the products. 

Examples of an Indirect Tax:

Excise Duty, Customs Duty, Entertainment Tax, Service Tax, Sales Tax, Gross Receipts Tax  and Value-Added Tax (VAT) are examples of Indirect taxes.
Hence, the correct answer is opiton A.

Canis lupus is the scientific name of Wolf.
Canis is a genus of the Canidae containing multiple extant species, such as wolves, coyotes, jackals, dingoes, and dogs.
The scientific name of dog is Cannis Familiaris.
Hence option B is correct.

Sunny Days: Sunil Gavaskar's Own Story. Sunny Days is the fascinating record of the growth of India's greatest batsman; one whose astonishing feats on the cricket field have had innumerable records rewritten, and yet more difficult targets set.
Hence, option B is correct.

The instrument for measuring low temperature is called Cryometer.
These are special type thermometer which is used to measure very low temperature.

Hence, Option B is correct.