Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 15th October 2024 - Humanities/Arts MCQ

The Supreme Court affirmed that the right to form trade unions is a fundamental right under Article 19(1)(c) of the Indian Constitution. This ruling emphasizes the importance of collective representation for workers, allowing them to organize and negotiate for better employment conditions. The court also stated that any restrictions on this right must be justified and not arbitrary, reinforcing the role of trade unions in advocating for workers' rights.

The primary concern raised by the workers of Samsung India is their demand for improved working conditions, which includes the recognition of their newly formed trade union and an increase in wages. The protests highlight the workers' grievances regarding long working hours and the lack of wage increases despite the company's profitability. This situation underscores the critical role of trade unions in advocating for workers' rights and better labor conditions.

The Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) was established with the primary goal of promoting representative democracy and fostering world peace. It serves as a platform for dialogue and cooperation among parliaments worldwide, enabling them to advocate for peace, democracy, and sustainable development. An interesting fact about the IPU is that it is the first multilateral political organization globally, emphasizing the importance of parliamentary diplomacy in addressing international issues.

UNICEF is funded entirely through voluntary contributions from millions of individuals worldwide, as well as support from government bodies, civil organizations, and the private sector. This diverse funding model allows UNICEF to operate in more than 190 countries, making a significant impact on children's rights and welfare globally. Notably, UNICEF's reliance on voluntary contributions emphasizes the importance of public engagement and support for child welfare initiatives.

The Nobel Prize laureates categorize institutions into inclusive and extractive institutions. Inclusive institutions promote democratic governance, a stable legal framework, and protection of property rights, encouraging investments and innovation. In contrast, extractive institutions centralize power and often lack legal protections, leading to economic stagnation. Understanding these categories helps explain the disparities in wealth and economic success across different nations.

The Haber-Bosch process is crucial for converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which is a key ingredient in fertilizers. This process revolutionized agricultural practices by enabling large-scale production of fertilizers, thus significantly increasing crop yields. An interesting fact is that this process is considered one of the most important technological advancements of the 20th century, as it has directly contributed to feeding billions of people worldwide.

The THAAD (Terminal High Altitude Area Defense) missile system is designed specifically to intercept and neutralize short-, medium-, and intermediate-range ballistic missiles during their terminal phase of flight. Utilizing a "hit to kill" strategy, it employs kinetic energy to destroy threats, including incoming nuclear warheads. This capability is crucial for defense against missile attacks, making THAAD an integral part of modern military strategy in areas with significant missile threats. An interesting fact is that THAAD can engage targets at distances of 150 to 200 kilometers, showcasing its long-range interception capabilities.

The Jordan Valley is characterized as a significant rift valley that is part of the East African Rift System. This valley stretches approximately 105 kilometers and runs along the Jordan River, marking a crucial geographical boundary between Jordan and Israel. Its unique geological formation, including the Dead Sea, which is the lowest point on Earth, contributes to its distinct environmental features. The valley's importance is further highlighted by its cultural and religious significance, making it a focal point in the Middle East. An interesting fact about the Jordan Valley is that it has been a crucial area for agriculture due to its fertile land, despite being sparsely populated.

The MAHA-EV Mission primarily aims to foster the development of essential electric vehicle technologies to reduce reliance on imports and encourage domestic innovation. This initiative is crucial for establishing India as a leader in the global electric vehicle market, enhancing its competitiveness, and contributing to sustainable and eco-friendly transportation solutions. An interesting fact is that this mission focuses on critical areas such as tropical EV batteries and electric vehicle charging infrastructure, which are essential for the growth of the EV sector in India.

Darwin's finches are a classic example of adaptive radiation because they have evolved distinct beak shapes that allow them to exploit different food sources in their environment. This variation in beak morphology enables each species to occupy unique ecological niches, resulting in a rich diversity of species adapted to specific conditions. An interesting aspect of their evolution is that the finches share a common ancestor, which migrated to the Galapagos Islands, demonstrating how environmental pressures can drive speciation and biodiversity.