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Test: Mechanism of Evolution - NEET MCQ


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5 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Mechanism of Evolution

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Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 1

Hugo de Vries did an experiment on which plant to prove mutation theory?

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 1

  • Hugo de Vries proved mutation theory by doing experiments on Oenothera lamarckian, also known as evening primrose.
  • It was from this plant; he came up with the observations.
  • It is a complex heterozygous plant with a chromosomal aberration.

Topic in NCERT: MECHANISM OF EVOLUTION

Line in NCERT: "In the first decade of twentieth century, Hugo deVries based on his work on evening primrose brought forth the idea of mutations - large difference arising suddenly in that differ from other breeds."

Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 2

_______ is termed as single-step large mutation.

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 2

  • Single-step that causes large mutation is called saltation.
  • It is called as such because the mutation occurs suddenly and abruptly that leads to evolution in large scale.
  • Hugo de Vries used this term against Darwin’s theory of evolution.

Topic in NCERT: MECHANISM OF EVOLUTION

Line in NCERT: "Hugo deVries believed mutation caused speciation and hence called it saltation (single step large mutation)."

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Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 3

How do the fundamental views on evolutionary mechanisms differ between Darwin's theory of natural selection and deVries' mutation theory in terms of the nature of variations?

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 3
Darwin's theory of natural selection is based on the accumulation of small, incremental, and directional variations that gradually lead to species adaptation and evolution. In contrast, Hugo deVries' mutation theory argues that evolution is driven by large, sudden, and random mutations that result in new species—a process that does not necessarily follow a specific direction as Darwin's variations do. This fundamental difference highlights the contrasting views on the mechanisms driving evolution and speciation between the two theorists.
Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 4

What concept did Hugo de Vries introduce based on his work with evening primrose?

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 4

Hugo de Vries's research on evening primrose led him to propose that mutations are a key factor in evolution, contrasting with Darwin's emphasis on gradual changes.

Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 5

How did Darwin's view of evolution differ from that of de Vries?

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Evolution - Question 5

This highlights the fundamental difference in their theories, where Darwin's gradualism contrasts with de Vries's saltationism.

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