Test: Agriculture in India I-Food Crops - Class 10 MCQ

The puddle method involves flooding the fields with water before transplanting rice seedlings, making it suitable for irrigated areas. This technique helps in controlling weeds and enhances seedling establishment, leading to higher yields compared to the dry method.

Commercial farming is primarily aimed at producing cash crops for sale in local and international markets. This method is often mechanized and highly productive, enabling farmers to capitalize on global demand for specific crops.

The abolition of the Zamindari Act was a significant reform aimed at improving agricultural production by removing the feudal system that often exploited farmers. This reform helped to empower farmers and increase their access to land and resources, contributing to better agricultural outcomes.

Commercial farming is focused on the cultivation of crops intended for sale in local and international markets. This type of farming is often mechanized and prevalent in regions with strong market access, helping farmers to achieve higher incomes.

The Green Revolution led to a significant shift from subsistence farming to commercial and market-oriented farming by introducing high-yielding seed varieties and advanced agricultural techniques. This transformation increased food production and improved rural living standards.

Intensive farming is defined by its labor-intensive nature and the application of modern agricultural techniques, including the use of high-yielding seed varieties and fertilizers to maximize production. This method is typically used in areas with high population density where land is limited.

Globalization can lead to higher prices for agricultural inputs, putting financial pressure on farmers who may struggle to compete with international markets. This can affect their ability to invest in improvements and maintain profitability.

Pulses are leguminous crops that significantly enhance soil nitrogen content, thereby contributing to increased soil fertility. This natural fertilization process is beneficial for subsequent crops and supports sustainable agricultural practices.

Rice thrives in clayey and loamy soils, especially alluvial soil that can retain water. This soil type is essential for providing the right conditions for rice to grow, particularly during its initial phases when standing water is necessary.

Dry farming is practiced in regions with limited access to irrigation. It involves cultivating drought-resistant crops and employing techniques to conserve soil moisture, making it suitable for areas with low rainfall.

Subsistence farming in India is characterized by small land holdings where farmers use traditional agricultural methods to grow food mainly for their own consumption, rather than for sale. This type of farming is common among poorer farmers who cannot afford modern inputs, leading to lower production levels. This approach ensures that families have enough food, but it limits their income potential.

Large land holdings are not a problem faced by Indian agriculture; rather, many farmers face challenges due to small and fragmented land holdings. This fragmentation makes it difficult to implement modern agricultural practices effectively and can lead to lower productivity.

Minimum support prices serve as a safety net for farmers, ensuring they receive a fair price for their agricultural produce. This policy helps stabilize farmers' incomes and encourages them to invest in their farms, ultimately supporting agricultural productivity.

Extensive farming is characterized by large agricultural fields that are managed with minimal labor. Farmers often specialize in the production of one or two major commercial crops, taking advantage of economies of scale to maximize productivity.

Shifting agriculture, often referred to as "slash and burn" agriculture, involves clearing a patch of forested land for cultivation and then moving to a new area after a few years when soil fertility declines. This method, while traditional, has environmental drawbacks including deforestation and soil erosion.

Wheat requires a cool climate for optimal growth, with ideal temperatures ranging from 10-15°C for sowing and 20-25°C during harvesting. Adequate rainfall, around 80 cm, is also vital for achieving good yields.

The major disadvantage of shifting agriculture is that it contributes to deforestation and accelerates soil erosion, leading to long-term environmental issues such as floods and sedimentation. While it can provide temporary boosts in crop production, the ecological impacts can be severe, affecting local ecosystems.

Mixed farming involves the simultaneous cultivation of crops and the rearing of animals. This method provides farmers with a steady income and promotes sustainability by diversifying agricultural output.

Wheat is classified as a rabi crop, which is typically sown in the winter and harvested in the summer. This seasonal pattern is crucial for maximizing yield in regions with specific climatic conditions favorable for wheat growth.

Plantation farming involves the cultivation of single crops on large scales, such as tea or sugarcane. This method necessitates developed transportation infrastructure to efficiently move harvested crops to processing factories, highlighting the importance of logistics in agricultural production.