MPPSC AE CE Mock Test - 3 - Civil Engineering (CE) MCQ

The correct answer ​Bansagar Hydroelectric Power plant.
Explanation

• Bansagar Hydroelectric Power Plant is located in the Bansagar of Madhya Pradesh district in India.
• The power plant is commissioned in 1991 with an approved capacity of 425 MW.
• The source of water for the generation of power is the Sone River.The hydroelectric basin is Ganga Basin.
• The Bansagar power plant is located in the Western Hydroelectric Region of India. The hydroelectric Development type is Run of the River with Pondage.
• The power station is owned by Madhya Pradesh Government and the operations are controlled by Madhya Pradesh Power Generation Company Limited.

Additional Information

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The correct answer is option 3.
Explanation

• Irrigation in Madhya Pradesh:
  • ​The least irrigated Districts in Madhya Pradesh: Datia > Sheopur > Hoshangabad
  • The most irrigated Districts in Madhya Pradesh: Dindori > Anuppur > Mandla
  • The Highest irrigated regions of Madhya Pradesh: Chambal river valley region, Bundelkhand
  • The least irrigated regions of Madhya Pradesh: Baghelkhand, Dindori- Mandla Region

A key feature of the Sawalkote Hydroelectric Project is its expected capacity of 1,856 Megawatts. This project is aimed at asserting control over water resources in Jammu and Kashmir and is significant for India's energy infrastructure development.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projects global economic growth to be 3.0% in 2025, an increase from the earlier forecast of 2.8%. This anticipated growth reflects resilience despite ongoing challenges such as geopolitical tensions and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, showcasing the adaptability of global economies.

The correct answer is Chambal.
Explanation

• Chambal
  • The length of the Chambal River is 960 km. The river has its source near the Singar Chouri crest on the northern sides of the Vindhyan cliffs, 15 km west to southwest of Mhow in Indore District, Madhya Pradesh.

• Jamni:
  • The River flows through northern India. It enters Lalitpur District near Madanpur village and is a major tributary of the Betwa River. Near Orchha, it meets the Betwa river.
  • In Madhya Pradesh, this river covers apparently a smaller area of 29 km with a catchment space of 1235 sq km.
  • The remaining 85 km of the river forms a barrier between Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh boasts of getting the major chunk of 87 km of the river.

Other Related Points

• The Betwa river is a tributary of the Yamuna.
• It rises in the Vindhya Range.
• The Chambal is the Yamuna River's main tributary, rising in the Vindhya Range about south of Mhow in western Madhya Pradesh.
• It runs north from its headwaters into the state of Rajasthan in the southeast.
• The Gambhir River originates from Janapav near Mhow in Madya Pradesh.

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Mistake Points

• The origin of the Chambal River lies at a height of around 843 m.
• It runs initially according to a northward itinerary in Madhya Pradesh for a distance of around 346 km and subsequently in a typically northeastward course for a span of 225 km across Rajasthan.
• The river runs for a further 217 km amid Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan and an extra 145 km amid Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.
• The Chambal River moves into Uttar Pradesh and runs for around 32 km prior to meeting the Yamuna River in Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh at an altitude of 122 m, for creating a portion of the greater Gangetic drainage system.

The 25% U.S. tariff, along with additional penalties, is estimated to reduce India’s GDP growth by 0.2%, lowering forecasts from 6.6% to 6.4%. This impacts key export sectors like garments, precious stones, and auto parts, highlighting the economic consequences of international trade policies.

The correct answer is Gwalior.
Explanation

• Panwari language:
  • Panwari language is the sub-dialect of the Bundeli language.
  • It is spoken in the northern region of Gwalior and Datia.
• Bundeli Language:
  • The dialect of the Aryan language group (Western Hindi)
  • Named by Dr. George Abraham Grierson
  • Narrated form of Saurseni Apabhramsha language.
  • Spoken in pure form in Niwari, Tikamgarh, Panna, Chhatarpur, Damoh, Sagar districts of Madhya Pradesh.
  • Sub-dialects:
    1. Panwari - Gwalior and Datia.
    2. Lodhanti - Hamirpur, and Banda (UP).
    3. Khatola - Panna, Chhatarpur, and Damoh.

  Other Related Points

  • Mixed Bundeli Dialects:
    • Banaphari- North-Eastern Bundelkhand and Western Baghelkhand.
    • Kundri - Hamirpur.
    • Nibhatta - Jalon.
    • Bhadavri - Gwalior, Agra, Mainpuri, Itawa.
    • Lodhiyo - Balaghat.

The correct answer is Bina, Sagar.

Explanation

• Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) has successfully commissioned a 1.7-megawatt solar photovoltaic plant at Bina in Madhya Pradesh for the Indian Railways. Hence, Option 3 is correct.
• The plant will directly feed power to the traction systems of Indian Railways.
• The move to create a solar plant was taken after Indian Railways decided to be self-reliant for its energy needs and solarise railway stations by utilizing its vacant lands for Renewable Energy (RE) projects.
• The Ministry of Railways has decided to install solar power plants on its vacant unused lands on a mega-scale.
• Indian Railway's present demand would be fulfilled by the solar projects being deployed, making it the first transport organization to be energy self-sufficient. This would help in making Indian Railways green as well as ‘Atma Nirbhar’.

Other Related Points

• Indian Railways:
  • It is among the world’s largest rail networks. Indian Railways route length network is spread over 1,23,236 km, with 13,452 passenger trains and 9,141 freight trains plying 23 million travellers and 3 million tonnes (MT) of freight daily from 7,349 stations.
  • India’s railway network is the 4th largest railway network in the world and 2nd largest in Asia, under single management.
  • Indian Railway is the main artery of the country, it is also called as lifeline of India which provides both freight and passenger mode of transportation.
  • It contributes to the national growth and economic integration of the country.

The correct answer is Vidisha.
Explanation

• The Udayagiri Caves are twenty rock-cut caves near Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh from the early years of the 5th century CE.
• They contain some of the oldest surviving Hindu temples and iconography in India.
• Udayagiri caves contain iconography of Vaishnavism, Shaktism, and Shaivism.
• There are 20 caves of Hinduism and Jainism.
• The Jain cave is notable for one of the oldest known Jaina inscriptions from 425 CE, while the Hindu caves feature inscriptions from 401 CE.
• They are the only site that can be verifiably associated with a Gupta period monarch from its inscriptions belonging to the reigns of Chandragupta II and Kumaragupta I.
• The Udayagiri hills and their caves are protected monuments managed by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Other Related Points

• Bhartrihari caves are situated in the Ujjain district of Madhya Pradesh.
• Pandav caves and Adamghar caves are situated in the Narmadapuram district.
• Bagh caves are situated in the Dhar district.

The recent U.S. tariffs are expected to lead to a potential decline in India's GDP growth by 0.6 percentage points and an increase in the current account deficit. These tariffs target both exports and crude oil imports, indicating significant challenges for India's trade balance and economic stability.

The correct answer is Hoshangabad.

Explanation

• Makhanlal Chaturvedi -
  • He was born at a place called Babai in the Hoshangabad district of Madhya Pradesh.
  • His father's name was Nandlal Chaturvedi who was a teacher in the primary school of the village.
  • He was a famous poet, writer, and journalist of India whose works became very popular.
  • As editor of prestigious papers like Prabha and Karmaveer, he campaigned vigorously against British rule.
  • Along with patriotism, nature and love have also been depicted in his poems.

Other Related Points

• Chhindwara -
  • It is a major city located in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
  • It is situated on the banks of the Bodri stream of the Kulbehara.
• Gwalior -
  • It is a historical city located in the Gwalior district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
  • Geographically Gwalior M.P: It is located in the north of the state.
  • The city is the capital of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, the Kachwahas of the Tomars and Baghelos.
• Raisen -
  • It is a district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
  • It is situated in the foothills of Vindhya mountain range of Madhya Pradesh state.​

Despite the positive indicators such as GDP growth, challenges like income inequality and stagnant wage growth undermine the narrative of a stable economy. These issues reveal deeper structural imbalances that threaten the overall economic balance and quality of life for many citizens.

The correct answer is Madhukar Shah of Narhot.

Explanation

• In 1842 there was an upsurge in the Sagar-Narmada territory against British tyranny, which becomes the Bundela rebellion in Madhya Pradesh history.
• Jawahar Singh Bundela of Chandrapur and Madhukar Shah of Narhat were the leaders of the revolt.
• They were joined by the Gond Raja Dilhan Shah of Madanpur, Raja Hirde Shah of Hirapur, and several other chiefs, including those of Narsinghpur.
• The British forces tried their utmost to curb the Bundela upsurge.
• It took them more than a year to capture Hirde Shah and Madhukar Shah.
• Madhukar Shah of Narhot was 22 years old when he was hanged in Sagar Jail.
• Madhukar Shah became a popular hero and was glorified in the folklore of Central India.

The correct answer is Providing facilities to women victims of violence.

Explanation

• One-Stop Center (Sakhi):
  • ​It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme for setting up One Stop Centre,
  • It is a sub-scheme of the Umbrella Scheme for the National Mission for Empowerment of women which includes the Indira Gandhi Mattritav Sahyaog Yojana, popularly known as Sakhi.
  • The scheme is being implemented since 1st April 2015.
  • The Centres are being established across the country to provide integrated support and assistance under one roof to women affected by violence, both in private and public spaces in a phased manner.
  • Violence includes women facing physical, sexual, emotional, psychological and economic abuse, irrespective of age, class, caste, education status, marital status, race and culture.
  • Women facing any kind of violence due to attempted sexual harassment, sexual assault, domestic violence, trafficking, honour-related crimes, acid attacks or witch-hunting will be facilitated with support and redressal.

Concept:
Slenderness ratio:

• It is defined as the ratio of effective length and radius of gyration.
• When the column is supported throughout its length, then the effective length of a column will be zero, so the slenderness ratio will also become zero.

​The slenderness ratio for different-different conditions is given below table:

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Effective length:

• It is defined as the distance between two adjacent points of zero bending moment or contra-flexure.

Explanation:

• While preparing an estimate, it is not possible to work out in detail in case of petty items. Items are other than civil engineering items are called lumpsum items.
• The following are some of the lumpsum items in the estimate.

• Even if sub estimates prepared or at the end of execution of work, the actual cost should not exceed the lumpsum amount provided in the main estimate.

Explanation:
Wells can be classified as:
1) Strainer type tube well:

• It is the most commonly used type of tube well in our country.
• It is so common that whenever we talk of a tube well, it is automatically understood to refer to a strainer-type tube well.
• This tube well consists of blind pipes and strainer pipes or screen pipes.
• This tube well is generally unsuitable for very fine sandy strata, because in that case, screen openings are likely to get choked easily.

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​2) Cavity type tube well:

• A cavity-type tube well consists of a pipe sunk into the ground and resting on the bottom of a strong clay layer. It does not utilize stainers and hence it draws its supply from the bottom and not from the sides.
• In the initial stages of pumping fine sand comes out with water and consequently, a cavity is formed at the bottom.
• The water from the aquifer enters the pipe through the cavity and as the pumping continues, the spherical area of the cavity increases outwards with result that the velocity flow being reduced and consequently sand stop entering the well pipe.
• Hence, in the beginning, sandy water is obtained, which clears out with time.

3) Gravel pack/ Slotted type tube well:

• A Gravel pack type tube well (slotted type tube well) consists of a pipe that is slotted for part of its length at one end and for the rest of the length it is plain pipe
• In order to prevent the fine sand particles from entering the well pipe, it is surrounded by a mixture of gravel and coarse sand (bajri). The mixture of gravel and coarse sand placed around the well pipe is called shrouding, and it is poured from the top into the annular space between the well pipe and the casing pipe before withdrawing the casing pipe.

Concept:
The force in the member AB will be determined by method of joints, i.e. by analyzing each joints.
For this we will be fixing some rule, they are

• for every joint we will consider the unknown forces are going away from the joint
• and the forces are considered positive.
• So after determination, if one forces comes positive then, it will mean that it is tensile and if it comes negative then it would mean that it is compressive.

Calculations:
Taking moment about A, we get
R_C × 6 = 5 × 6 sin 60
⇒ R_C = 5 sin 60
⇒ R_C = ​ ​​​​​^​​

​​​​

Analyzing joint C:
R_C + R_CB sin 60 = 0
⇒ R_CB sin 60 = - R_C
⇒ R_CB x ​​​

⇒ R_CB = - 5 kN [-ve denotes that the force will be toward the joint, hence it will be compressive in nature]

Concept:
Surface Irrigation System:
We have two sources of water to be used as irrigation water one is ground water and other is flowing water. Based on the source of water used as irrigation water, water irrigation system is mainly divided in to two categories:

1. Lift irrigation – when ground water lifted up to be used as irrigation water
2. Flow irrigation – when flowing water is used as irrigation water.

These are further classified as below:

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Flow irrigation:
These are also called gravity irrigation. It is the type of irrigation in which water is available at a higher level as to enable supply to the land by gravity flow.
It is further divided into two categories
a) Inundation irrigation: It is done canal taking off from a river in flood without any diversion head work. It depend on the periodical rise in water level of the river and supply is drawn through open cuts in the river bank or creeks which are called heads. Inundation canals usually flow during the summer months and bring in large quantity of silt beneficial to crops. e.g. river canal irrigation.
b) Perennial Irrigation: In this system assured supply of water throughout the crop period to irrigation requirement of the crops is made available to the command area through storage of water done at dam or diversion supply made by means of head works at the off take point of the canal. Perennial irrigation may be either direct (e.g reservoir or tank), storage (indirect) or combined.
Note:
Methods Irrigation systems:
Irrigation water may be applied to the crops by three basic methods:

1. Surface Irrigation method
2. Sprinkler irrigation method
3. Sub-surface irrigation method

As per IS: 800 – 2007
For column, restrained against both rotation and translation at one end and restrained only against translation but free to rotate at other ends
Design value of effective length factor = 0.8
The design value of the effective length factor for various combination is given below:

Concept:

Effective flange area for plate girder is given by:

Here,

A_f - Flange area (mm²)

A_w - Web area (mm²)

Calculation:

Given,

A_w = 160 mm²

A_f = 200 mm²

Hence,

Effective tension flange area from table:

A_eff = 200 + = 220 mm²

Concept:
Flow-through Pipes in Series and Parallel:
(A) Pipe in Series:

• Pipes connected in continuation as in this case are said to be connected in series. In this arrangement, the rate of discharge is the same in all the pipes.
• Ignoring secondary losses the total loss of head is equal to the sum of the friction losses in the individual pipes.

​

Let d₁, d₂, d₃ be the diameters, and l₁, l₂, l₃ be the lengths of the various pipes in a series connection. Let Q be the discharge. Let h_f1, h_f2, h_f3 be the loss of head of the various pipes in a series connection.
So, Discharge is the same in all pipes
Q = Q₁ = Q₂ = Q₃
And the total loss of head(h_f) is equal to the sum of the friction losses in the individual pipes.

(B) Pipe in parallel:

• Pipes are said to be in parallel when they are so connected that the flow from a pipe branch or divides into two or more separate pipes and then reunites into a single pipe.
• In this arrangement, the loss of head is the same in all the pipes and the total rate of discharge is equal to the sum of the individual rate of discharge of all the pipes.​

​Let d₁ & d₂ be the diameters, and l₁ & l₂ be the lengths of the various pipes in a parallel connection. Let Q₁ & Q₂ be the discharge of the various pipes in a parallel connection. Let h_f be the loss of head.
So, the loss of head is the same in all the pipes
h_f = h_f1 = h_f2
And the total rate of discharge(Q) is equal to the sum of the individual rate of discharge of all the pipes.

Q = Q₁ + Q₂

Concept:

Braking Distance:

It is the distance travelled by vehicle after the application of brakes.

Skid length or braking distance is given by, ,

where u is the velocity of the vehicle in m/s, f is the actual coefficient of friction mobilized and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

Calculation:

Given,

Velocity of vehicle (u) = 127 kmph = 127/3.6 = 35.278 m/s

Braking distance (L) = 127 m

∴

⇒

f = 0.4994 ≈ 0.5

Explanation:
Crushing test:

• This test is carried out to assess the strength of coarse aggregate when a compressive load is gradually applied.
• Aggregate crushing value = (W₂/W₁) × 100

where,

W₁ = Total weight of the dry sample
W₂ = weight of material passing through 2.36 mm IS sieve

• The aggregate crushing value for the surface course should be within 30% and for the base course, it should not exceed 45%.
• In a question asked about aggregate crushing value for cement concrete pavement but is not mention about surface or base course, so we assume it is asked about the base course as per given option.

Important Points
Other tests for road aggregate:

Other tests for road aggregate:
​

Explanation:

Transpiration:

• It is the process by which water leaves the body of a living plant and reaches the atmosphere as water vapour.
• Transpiration is measured by a phytometer.

Evaporation:

• It is the process in which a liquid changes to the gaseous state at the free surface below the boiling point through the transfer of heat energy.
• Evaporimeter measures evaporation.

Evapotranspiration:

• It is the process by which water is transferred from the land to the atmosphere by evaporation from the soil and other surfaces and by transpiration from plants.
• It can be measured by an instrument called a Lysimeter.

Precipitation:

• It is condensed water vapours that fall to the earth.
• Most precipitation occurs as rain, but also snow, hail, fog drip, graupel, and sleet.

Run-off :

• It is defined as the part of the water cycle that flows over land as surface water instead of being absorbed into the ground water or evaporated.
• Run-off is that part of precipitation that appears in uncontrolled surface streams, rivers drain, or sewers.

Concept:

Coefficient of consolidation,

Where,

k = Coefficient of permeability

mv = Coefficient of volume compressibility

γw = Unit weight of water

Hence, the Coefficient of consolidation of soil is affected by compressibility and permeability.

Explanation:
By using the method of the section, cut the section which is perpendicular to AB and FE.

Taking moment about E =0
F_AB × 4 - W × 3 - W × 9 = 0
Hence F_AB = 3W .

Concept:

Degree of Static Indeterminacy (D_s):

D_s = D_se + D_si

D_se = Degree of external static indeterminacy

D_si = Degree of internal static indeterminacy

D_se = No of support reactions(r) - No of equilibrium equations (s)

∴ D_s = m + r - 2j

Where, m is the total members, j is total joints, r is support reactions

Stability of a truss structure can be decided as follow:

If m = 2j-3 then truss is stable.

If m < 2j-3 then truss is unstable

If m > 2j-3 then stability can be predicted only visual judgement.

Concepts:

The energy loss due to hydraulic jump is given as:

Where

y₁ is the pre-jump depth

y₂ is the post jump depth

Calculation:

Given: y₁ = 0.2 m; y₂ = 1.2 m

∴ Energy Loss = E = 1.04 m

Additional Information:

The relation between pre and post jump depth is given as

Where

F₂ is the Froude number after the jump.

Explanation:
Snyder adopted the standard duration D hours of effective rainfall given by:
D = ​

where tp is basin lag in hours and D is the standard duration of rainfall
Synthetic unit hydrograph:
(i) This is a unit hydrograph is obtain on the basis of a certain empirical equation developed by synder in the year 1938.
(ii) This equations are applicable for cathment in US but can be use for other places with some slide modification.
Width of synthetic unit hydrograph in hour at 50% of peak discharge is given by;

​

Where, q = Peak discharge in m³/s/km²
Width of synthetic unit hydrograph in hour at 75% of peak discharge is given by;

​

Calculation:
Other Related Points
The first of the Snyder’s equation relate the basin lag tp, Which is defined as the time interval from the mid-point of rainfall excess to the peak of the unit hydrograph to the basin characteristics as

t_p = C_t (L x L_ca)^0.3

Where,

• L = basin length measured along the water course from the basin divide to the gauging station in km,
• Lca = distance along the main water course from the gauging station to a point opposite to the watershed centroid in km,
• Ct = Regional constant representing watershed slope and storage effects (1.3 to 1.65)