Capitals - Year 5 MCQ

Nollywood refers to the film-making industry in Nigeria. Here's a breakdown of why it's called Nollywood and its significance:
Origin of the term "Nollywood":
• The term "Nollywood" is a portmanteau of "Nigeria" and "Hollywood."
• It was coined by a journalist, Matt Steinglass, in a 2002 article for The New York Times.
Significance of Nollywood:
• Nollywood is the second-largest film industry in the world in terms of the number of films produced annually, surpassed only by Bollywood (India).
• It has a significant impact on the Nigerian economy and provides employment opportunities for thousands of Nigerians.
• Nollywood films are known for their low-budget productions and often address social issues and local stories that resonate with the Nigerian audience.
• The industry has gained international recognition, with Nollywood films being showcased at various film festivals around the world.

• The Shinkansen, also known as the "bullet train," is a network of high-speed railway lines in Japan.
• Among the given capital cities, Tokyo is the only one located in Japan.
• Therefore, Tokyo is the capital city that can be reached on the Shinkansen or "bullet train."
• Manila (Philippines), Seoul (South Korea), and Beijing (China) are not served by the Japanese Shinkansen network.

A. Mexico City

• Mexico City, the capital of Mexico, has the largest population among the given options.
• Here is a breakdown of the approximate population in each capital city (as of 2021):
• Mexico City: 21.7 million
• London: 9.3 million
• Paris: 2.2 million
• Moscow: 12.7 million
• As seen from the numbers, Mexico City has a significantly higher population compared to the other capital cities.

• Amsterdam is the capital of the Netherlands and is located at a longitude of 4.9° E.
• London is the capital of the United Kingdom and is located at a longitude of 0.13° W.
• Lisbon is the capital of Portugal and is located at a longitude of 9.14° W.
• Madrid is the capital of Spain and is located at a longitude of 3.7° W.

Comparing the longitudes of these European capitals, Lisbon lies furthest west with a longitude of 9.14° W.

The capital of Ukraine, Kyiv, is located on the Dnieper River. Here are some key points about this:
Geography:

• The Dnieper River is one of the major rivers in Europe.
• It flows through the central part of Eastern Europe, passing through Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine.
• The river is approximately 2,200 km (1,367 miles) long and is the fourth longest river in Europe.

Historical Importance:

• The Dnieper River played a significant role in the history of Kyiv and Ukraine.
• It was a central trade route for the ancient state of Kyivan Rus, connecting the Baltic and Black Seas.
• The river's strategic location contributed to the growth and development of Kyiv, which eventually became the capital of Ukraine.

Modern Significance:

• Today, the Dnieper River remains an important transportation and economic artery for Ukraine.
• It is used for navigation, hydroelectric power generation, and as a source of drinking water for the city of Kyiv and its surrounding regions.
• The river also provides recreational opportunities for residents and tourists, including boating, fishing, and riverside parks.

- Capital City: Budapest
- Location: Hungary
- Two Original Cities: Buda and Pest
- Separated by: Danube River
- Merging: The two cities were officially combined in 1873 to form Budapest
- Significance: The Danube River running between Buda and Pest contributes to the city's unique landscape and cultural heritage.

• The Acropolis is a flat-topped rock located in Athens, the capital city of Greece.
• The word "acropolis" comes from the Greek words "akron" (highest point) and "polis" (city).
• The Acropolis of Athens is an ancient citadel that contains the remains of several historically significant buildings, including the famous Parthenon temple.
• This site is considered a symbol of ancient Greek civilization and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• The Acropolis is a significant tourist attraction and an emblem of the city of Athens.

- The capitals mentioned are all located in Africa, but at varying latitudes.
- Nairobi is the capital of Kenya and lies at a latitude of 1°17′S.
- Khartoum is the capital of Sudan and lies at a latitude of 15°33′N.
- Cairo is the capital of Egypt and lies at a latitude of 30°02′N.
- Algiers is the capital of Algeria and lies at a latitude of 36°46′N.
- Among these capitals, Algiers lies furthest north with a latitude of 36°46′N.

• Island: Madagascar
• Capital: Antananarivo
• Popular Cartoon Film: Madagascar (2005)

Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of East Africa. Its capital city is Antananarivo. The island gained further popularity due to the animated film "Madagascar" released in 2005, which tells the story of a group of animals from the Central Park Zoo who end up on the island.

Doha is the capital of the Gulf Arab state of Qatar. Here is an overview of the information:

• Location: Doha is situated on the eastern coast of the Qatari Peninsula, along the Persian Gulf.
• Capital of: Qatar
• Population: As of 2021, Doha has a population of over 2.4 million people.
• Economy: Doha is the economic center of Qatar, with its economy primarily based on oil and natural gas resources.
• Significance: Doha is known for its modern architecture, luxury shopping malls, and cultural attractions, such as the Museum of Islamic Art and the National Museum of Qatar.

Answer: B - Pyongyang

• North Korea, officially known as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a secretive and isolated country in East Asia.
• The capital of North Korea is Pyongyang.
• Pyongyang is not only the capital but also the largest city in North Korea.
• It serves as the political, economic, and cultural center of the country.
• Seoul is the capital of South Korea, while Najin and Hamhung are other major cities in North Korea but not the capital.

Madrid has never hosted the Olympic Games.

• Rome hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1960.
• Stockholm hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1912 and the equestrian events of the 1956 Summer Olympics.
• Paris has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1900, 1924, and is set to host the games again in 2024.
• Madrid has never hosted the Olympic Games, although it has bid several times, including for the 2012, 2016, and 2020 Summer Olympics.

Answer:
- B: Kingston, Jamaica
- To better understand the reasoning behind this answer, let's look at the approximate latitudes of each capital city:
1. Havana, Cuba: 23.1° N
2. Kingston, Jamaica: 17.9° N
3. Mexico City, Mexico: 19.4° N
4. Nassau, Bahamas: 25.0° N
- As we can see from the latitudes, Kingston, Jamaica (17.9° N) is the furthest south compared to the other cities on the list.
- The closer a city is to the equator (0° latitude), the further south it is in the Northern Hemisphere.
- Hence, Kingston, Jamaica is the correct answer as it is the furthest south among the given options.

Canberra - The Capital of Australia 

• Located between two major Australian cities: Melbourne and Sydney.
• Canberra was chosen as the capital in 1913, as a compromise between the two rival cities.
• It is a planned city, designed by American architects Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin.
• The city is known for its gardens, parks, and modern architecture, making it a unique and important part of Australia's history and identity.

• The capital city of Uruguay is Montevideo.
• Montevideo's name is derived from the Spanish phrase "Monte vide eu," which means "I see the mountains."
• This name refers to the hilly landscape surrounding the city and the prominent Cerro de Montevideo, a hill that offers panoramic views of the area.
• The other options provided are the capitals of other South American countries:
• Bogota: Capital of Colombia
• Caracas: Capital of Venezuela
• Buenos Aires: Capital of Argentina
• However, none of these other capitals have names that mean "I see the mountains."

In conclusion, Montevideo is the South American capital whose name means "I see the mountains."

Paramaribo is the capital city of Suriname, which is a country located in South America. Here are some key points to remember:
Location: Suriname is situated on the northeastern coast of South America, bordered by Guyana to the west, French Guiana to the east, and Brazil to the south.
Paramaribo: As the capital city, Paramaribo is the largest and most populous city in Suriname. It is the center of the country's culture, politics, and economy.
Suriname's distinctiveness: Suriname is unique in South America for being the only country where Dutch is the official language. It is also known for its multicultural population, with influences from indigenous, African, Indian, Chinese, and European communities.

Port Stanley - Capital of Falkland Islands
- Location: Port Stanley is situated on the eastern coast of East Falkland, the largest island in the Falkland Islands group.
- Capital: It serves as the capital of the Falkland Islands, a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic Ocean.
- Population: Port Stanley is a small town with a population of around 2,500 people.
- Significance: The town is an important administrative, economic, and transportation center for the Falkland Islands.
- Attractions: Port Stanley is known for its British colonial architecture, battlefield sites from the 1982 Falklands War, and diverse wildlife, including penguins and seals.

Canada's Capital City: Ottawa

• Ottawa is the capital city of Canada, located in the province of Ontario.
• It lies north of New York state and is situated along the Ottawa River.
• Ottawa is the 4th largest city in Canada and serves as the political and administrative center of the country.
• Some of the major attractions in Ottawa include Parliament Hill, the National Gallery of Canada, and the Canadian Museum of History.

Country with La Paz as the capital:
- D: Bolivia
Reasons:

• La Paz is the administrative capital of Bolivia, while Sucre is the constitutional capital.
• It is located at an altitude of approximately 3,650 meters (11,975 feet) above sea level, making it the highest capital city in the world.
• La Paz is known for its unique topography, with dramatic hills and valleys throughout the city.
• The city is the political and cultural center of the country, hosting many government institutions and landmarks.

Paris is the capital of France, a beautiful country in Western Europe known for its rich history, stunning architecture, delicious cuisine, and romantic atmosphere. It boasts iconic landmarks like the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre Museum, and the Notre Dame Cathedral, making it a popular tourist destination for people from all over the world.

Nestled among the majestic peaks of the Andes Mountains, the capital of Peru is Lima. This vibrant city boasts a fascinating blend of indigenous and colonial influences, with its historic centre being a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 

Jerusalem claims the title of Israel's capital city. It has been continuously inhabited for over 5,000 years and holds immense historical and religious significance for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Dubai is renowned for its impressive skyline, boasting some of the world's tallest and most architecturally daring skyscrapers, such as the iconic Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world.