Basic General Knowledge Quiz - 9 - Current Affairs MCQ

Who is Lal Bahadur Shastri?
- Lal Bahadur Shastri was the second Prime Minister of India, serving from 1964 to 1966.
- He played a significant role in India's struggle for independence and was an active participant in the non-cooperation movement led by Mahatma Gandhi.
What is Lal Bahadur Shastri known for?
- Lal Bahadur Shastri is known for his simplicity, humility, and integrity.
- He was a man of peace and believed in non-violence as a means to resolve conflicts.
- Shastriji was instrumental in promoting the Green Revolution, which aimed to increase agricultural productivity and reduce food scarcity in India.
- He is also remembered for his slogan "Jai Jawan Jai Kisan" (Hail the Soldier, Hail the Farmer), which emphasized the importance of both the defense forces and the agricultural sector.
What are the other names for Lal Bahadur Shastri?
- Guruji: Lal Bahadur Shastri was often referred to as Guruji, which means "teacher" or "spiritual guide."
- Man of Peace: Shastriji's commitment to peace and non-violence earned him the title of "Man of Peace."
- Punjab Kesari: He was also known as "Punjab Kesari," which translates to "Lion of Punjab," due to his strong leadership and courage.
- Mahamana: Lal Bahadur Shastri was given the title of "Mahamana," which means "great soul," in recognition of his contributions to the nation.
Conclusion
Lal Bahadur Shastri, the former Prime Minister of India, was known by various names such as Guruji, Man of Peace, Punjab Kesari, and Mahamana. These names reflect his role as a teacher, his commitment to peace and non-violence, his strong leadership, and his noble character. Shastriji's contributions to India's independence struggle and his efforts to promote agricultural development continue to inspire generations.

Lime is sometimes applied to soil in order to:
- Increase the alkalinity of the soil: Lime is commonly used to raise the pH level of acidic soil. It neutralizes the acidity and makes the soil more alkaline, creating a more favorable environment for plant growth.
- Increase the acidity of the soil: This statement is incorrect. Lime is not used to increase the acidity of soil. It is used for the opposite purpose, as mentioned above.
- Restore nitrates to the soil: Lime does not restore nitrates to the soil. Nitrates are a form of nitrogen, and lime does not contribute nitrogen to the soil. However, lime can indirectly improve nutrient availability by adjusting the soil pH and enhancing the effectiveness of fertilizers.
- Make the soil more porous: Lime does not directly make the soil more porous. However, it can improve soil structure over time by reducing compaction and allowing better water infiltration and root penetration.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: Increase the alkalinity of the soil.

Magsaysay awards are named after Ramon Magsaysay, who was known for his land reform programme to defuse communist insurgency.
The correct answer is A: President of the Philippines.
Explanation:
Ramon Magsaysay was a prominent political figure in the Philippines, serving as the seventh President of the country from 1953 to 1957. He was known for his efforts to address social issues and promote good governance. One of his significant accomplishments was the implementation of a comprehensive land reform program aimed at defusing the communist insurgency in the country.
The Magsaysay Awards, established in 1957, were named after Ramon Magsaysay in honor of his leadership and dedication to public service. The awards recognize individuals and organizations in Asia who have made outstanding contributions in various fields such as government service, community leadership, journalism, and the arts.
The Magsaysay Awards have become highly prestigious and are often referred to as the "Asian Nobel Prize." They serve as a tribute to Ramon Magsaysay's vision and commitment to making a positive difference in society.
In conclusion, Ramon Magsaysay, as the President of the Philippines, introduced a land reform program to address the communist insurgency, and the Magsaysay Awards were named after him to honor his leadership and dedication to public service.

Leonardo da Vinci
- Leonardo da Vinci was a great Italian painter, sculptor, and architect.
- He is widely recognized for his artistic skills and creativity.
- His masterpiece, the "Monalisa," has gained universal fame and is considered one of the most iconic paintings in history.
- However, Leonardo da Vinci's contributions go beyond just his artistic achievements.
- He had a keen interest in anatomy and physiology and made significant contributions in this field as well.
- Leonardo da Vinci drew detailed and accurate models of organs such as the heart, lungs, and womb.
- His anatomical drawings were groundbreaking and showcased his exceptional observational skills.
- These drawings provided valuable insights into the human body and its functioning.
- Leonardo da Vinci's anatomical studies were not widely known during his time and were only discovered and appreciated centuries later.
- His meticulous observations and drawings laid the foundation for modern anatomical studies.
- Leonardo da Vinci's diverse talents and contributions make him one of the most influential figures in art and science.

Moradabad (Uttar Pradesh) is famous for:
- Brass ware: Moradabad is known as the Brass City of India due to its rich heritage in brass craftsmanship. The city has a long history of producing exquisite brassware, including decorative items, utensils, and furniture. The skilled artisans of Moradabad have mastered the art of brass crafting and their products are highly sought after both in India and abroad.
- Sandal oil: Moradabad is also famous for its sandalwood oil industry. Sandalwood oil is extracted from the sandalwood trees found in abundance in the region. The oil is widely used in perfumes, cosmetics, and Ayurvedic medicine. Moradabad's sandalwood oil is known for its high quality and fragrance, making it a popular choice among manufacturers and consumers alike.
- Newsprint factory: Moradabad is home to a newsprint factory, which is one of the largest in India. The factory produces newsprint, a type of paper used for printing newspapers. The newsprint industry in Moradabad plays a significant role in the economy of the region and provides employment opportunities to many people.
- Penicillin factory: Moradabad also has a penicillin factory, which is responsible for the production of penicillin, a widely used antibiotic. The factory plays a crucial role in meeting the healthcare needs of the region and contributes to the overall pharmaceutical industry in India.
In conclusion, Moradabad is famous for its brass ware, sandal oil, newsprint factory, and penicillin factory. These industries have not only put Moradabad on the map but have also contributed significantly to the local economy and the country as a whole.

Marco Polo

Answer: B

Travelling through China, India, and other parts of Asia

Marco Polo was an Italian explorer who is known for his extensive travels in Asia. Here is a detailed explanation of his journey:

• Early Life: Marco Polo was born in Venice, Italy, in 1254. His father, Niccolo Polo, was a merchant who frequently traveled to the East.


• First Journey: In 1271, when Marco Polo was just 17 years old, he embarked on a journey to Asia with his father and uncle, Maffeo Polo. They traveled along the Silk Road, a trade route connecting Europe and Asia. Their aim was to reach China and meet the Mongol ruler Kublai Khan.


• Arrival in China: After a long and arduous journey, Marco Polo and his companions finally reached China in 1275. They were welcomed by Kublai Khan, who was impressed by Marco Polo's knowledge of different languages and cultures.


• Service to Kublai Khan: Marco Polo became a trusted advisor and diplomat for Kublai Khan. He traveled extensively within China, serving as an emissary and carrying out various missions for the emperor.


• Exploration of Asia: Marco Polo's travels extended beyond China. He ventured into other parts of Asia, including India, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East. He documented his experiences and observations in a book called "The Travels of Marco Polo," which became immensely popular in Europe.


• Return to Venice: Marco Polo returned to Venice in 1295 after spending around 24 years in Asia. He became a wealthy merchant and continued his involvement in trade and maritime activities.


• Legacy: Marco Polo's travels had a significant impact on European exploration and trade with Asia. His accounts of the East inspired many future explorers, such as Christopher Columbus, who sought to find new routes to Asia.

Overall, Marco Polo's extensive travels through China, India, and other parts of Asia contributed greatly to the understanding and knowledge of these regions in Europe.

Answer:

Jharkhand has West Bengal state on its eastern end.

Explanation:

State Bordering Jharkhand:

• Bihar: Bihar is located on the northern border of Jharkhand.


• West Bengal: West Bengal is situated on the eastern border of Jharkhand.


• Odisha (formerly Orissa): Odisha is located on the southern border of Jharkhand.


• Chhattisgarh: Chhattisgarh is situated on the western border of Jharkhand.

Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, shares its border with various states. However, it is West Bengal that lies on its eastern end.

To determine which blood group can be transfused into a person with blood group A, we need to consider the compatibility of different blood types.
The blood group A has antigens A on the surface of red blood cells and antibodies against blood group B in the plasma. Here are the possible blood types that can be transfused into a person with blood group A:
Group A:
- Blood group A individuals can receive blood from the following groups:
- Group A: Since blood group A individuals have antigens A on their red blood cells, they can receive blood from individuals with the same blood group. This is known as a compatible blood transfusion.
- Group O: Group A individuals can also receive blood from individuals with blood group O. This is because blood group O does not have antigens A or B on their red blood cells, which makes it compatible for transfusion to group A individuals.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
C: Group A and Group O

Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited (MIDHANI) was established in 1973.
Explanation:
MIDHANI, also known as Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited, is a government-owned company in India that specializes in the production and supply of special steels, super alloys, and titanium alloys. Here is a detailed explanation of the establishment of MIDHANI:
- Background: The need for specialized metallurgical products for strategic sectors such as defense, aerospace, and nuclear industries led to the establishment of MIDHANI.
- Formation: MIDHANI was established as a public sector undertaking (PSU) under the Ministry of Defense in the year 1973.
- Location: The company is headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
- Objectives: MIDHANI aims to develop, manufacture, and supply high-quality metallurgical products that meet the requirements of critical applications in defense, space, and other strategic sectors.
- Product Range: The company produces a wide range of products including special steels, super alloys, titanium alloys, and other advanced materials.
- Technological Expertise: MIDHANI has developed expertise in the areas of melting, refining, forging, rolling, heat treatment, and testing of various alloys.
- Research and Development: The company has a dedicated research and development center to continuously innovate and develop new products and technologies.
- Growth and Expansion: Over the years, MIDHANI has grown and expanded its operations to cater to the increasing demands of the defense and aerospace sectors.
- Collaborations: MIDHANI has collaborated with various national and international organizations to enhance its capabilities and explore new opportunities.
Overall, MIDHANI has played a crucial role in meeting the specialized metallurgical needs of India's defense and strategic sectors since its establishment in 1973.

Numismatics is the study of coins.

Numismatics is a field of study that focuses on coins, both ancient and modern. It involves the examination, research, and analysis of various aspects related to coins, including their history, production, design, distribution, and significance. Here are some key points to understand the study of numismatics:

• Definition: Numismatics is the scientific study and collection of coins and currency.


• History: The study of coins dates back to ancient times, with early civilizations minting their own currencies. Numismatics allows us to understand the economic, political, and cultural aspects of different societies.


• Types of Coins: Numismatics covers a wide range of coins, including ancient coins, medieval coins, modern coins, commemorative coins, and special editions.


• Identification: Numismatists use various methods to identify and classify coins, such as examining their size, weight, composition, inscriptions, and symbols.


• Authentication: Numismatics helps in determining the authenticity and genuineness of coins, as counterfeiting has been a prevalent issue throughout history.


• Research and Analysis: Numismatists conduct research on coins to understand their historical context, cultural significance, and the stories they represent.


• Collecting and Cataloging: Many numismatists engage in coin collecting as a hobby or profession. They often create catalogs and databases to organize and document their collections.


• Market Value: Numismatics also involves studying the market value of coins, including factors like rarity, condition, demand, and historical significance.


• Collaboration and Exhibitions: Numismatists often collaborate with museums, institutions, and other collectors to share knowledge, exhibit their collections, and contribute to the field.

Overall, numismatics is a fascinating field that combines history, art, economics, and culture to understand the world of coins and their role in human civilization.

Introduction:
The national anthem of India, called the "Jana Gana Mana," holds great significance for the country. It was composed by Rabindranath Tagore, who is a renowned poet, writer, and musician in India. The anthem is a tribute to the diverse cultural heritage of the nation and serves as a unifying symbol for its citizens.
The Correct Answer:
The correct answer is A: December 27, 1911, during the Indian National Congress Session at Calcutta.
Explanation:
The national anthem of India was first sung on December 27, 1911, during the Indian National Congress Session at Calcutta. Here are the key points to support this answer:
1. Indian National Congress Session: The anthem was sung for the first time during the Indian National Congress Session. The Indian National Congress was a political organization that played a significant role in the independence movement of India.
2. Date: The date of December 27, 1911, is historically documented as the first time the national anthem was sung. This date marks the formal introduction of the anthem to the public.
3. Calcutta: The anthem was sung during the session held in Calcutta, which was the capital of British India at that time. Calcutta, now known as Kolkata, has been a center for cultural and intellectual activities in India.
4. Composer: The national anthem was composed by Rabindranath Tagore, who was an eminent poet, writer, and musician. Tagore's contribution to Indian literature and music is highly regarded.
It is important to note that the other options provided (B, C, and D) are incorrect. The national anthem was not sung on January 24, 1950, by the Constituent Assembly of India, nor on January 26, 1959, by the Government of India. Additionally, the option "None of the above" does not apply in this case, as option A is the correct answer.

Karl Marx's ideology advocated a classed society.
Marxism, developed by Karl Marx, is a socio-economic and political theory that focused on the struggle between the proletariat (working class) and the bourgeoisie (capitalist class). Marx believed that capitalism created a class-based society with inherent inequalities and advocated for a classless society through the following principles:
1. Class Struggle:
- Marx argued that societies are divided into opposing classes that have conflicting interests.
- The bourgeoisie exploits the proletariat, leading to economic and social inequality.
2. Historical Materialism:
- Marx believed that the development of society is driven by material conditions, particularly the means of production.
- He posited that historical progress occurs through class struggle and the overthrow of the ruling class.
3. Labor Theory of Value:
- Marx argued that the value of a commodity is determined by the amount of labor required to produce it.
- He criticized capitalism for exploiting workers by extracting surplus value from their labor.
4. Revolution:
- Marx believed that the only way to achieve a classless society was through a proletarian revolution.
- He envisioned the establishment of a socialist or communist society where the means of production are collectively owned and there is no private ownership.
5. Dictatorship of the Proletariat:
- Marx proposed that during the transition from capitalism to socialism, a temporary "dictatorship of the proletariat" would be necessary to dismantle the capitalist system and redistribute resources.
In summary, Karl Marx's ideology advocated for a classed society, but with the ultimate goal of achieving a classless society through revolution and the establishment of socialism or communism.

Introduction:
Lhasa airport, also known as Lhasa Gonggar International Airport, is located in Tibet, China. It is a significant airport due to its unique geographical characteristics. In this response, we will discuss why Lhasa airport is considered the highest airport in the world.
Key Points:
1. Geographical Location: Lhasa airport is situated at an altitude of 3,570 meters (11,710 feet) above sea level.
2. Altitude: The high altitude of Lhasa airport makes it the highest airport in the world.
3. Challenges: The airport's high altitude poses several challenges for both aircraft and passengers, including reduced air density, lower oxygen levels, and increased risk of altitude sickness.
4. Runway Length: Lhasa airport has a runway length of 4,000 meters (13,123 feet) to compensate for the reduced air density, allowing aircraft to take off and land safely.
5. Engineering Considerations: The construction of Lhasa airport required careful engineering and planning to ensure the safety of operations at such a high altitude.
6. Tourism Importance: Lhasa airport serves as a vital gateway for tourists visiting Tibet, offering stunning views of the Himalayan mountains and access to popular tourist destinations like the Potala Palace and Jokhang Temple.
7. Connectivity: The airport is well-connected domestically and internationally, with flights to major cities in China and neighboring countries.
Conclusion:
Lhasa airport, located in Tibet, China, holds the distinction of being the highest airport in the world. Its unique geographical position at an altitude of 3,570 meters poses challenges for aircraft and passengers but also offers breathtaking views and serves as an important gateway for tourism in Tibet.

Answer:
The Judicature (High Court) of Rajasthan is located in Jodhpur. Here is a detailed explanation:
Location of the Judicature (High Court) of Rajasthan:
- The High Court of Rajasthan is situated in Jodhpur, which is a city in the state of Rajasthan, India.
Reasons for the High Court being in Jodhpur:
- Historical significance: Jodhpur has a rich historical background and was the capital of the Marwar Kingdom. It has been an important center for governance and administration.
- Geographical advantage: Jodhpur is centrally located in the state of Rajasthan, making it easily accessible for people from different parts of the state to approach the High Court.
- Infrastructure: Jodhpur has well-developed infrastructure and facilities, including transportation, accommodation, and legal support services, which are essential for the functioning of a High Court.
- Availability of resources: Jodhpur has a pool of skilled lawyers, law firms, and legal professionals who contribute to the efficient functioning of the High Court.
Key points:
- The High Court of Rajasthan is located in Jodhpur.
- Jodhpur has historical significance and is centrally located in the state.
- The city has well-developed infrastructure and resources required for the functioning of a High Court.

Introduction:
The question asks about the agency related to the United Nations that has the longest period. To determine the correct answer, we need to analyze the establishment dates of the given options.

1. International Labour Organisation (ILO):
- The ILO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with labor and employment issues.
- It was founded on October 29, 1919.
- Therefore, the ILO has been in existence for over 100 years.
2. Universal Postal Union (UPU):
- The UPU is an agency of the United Nations that coordinates postal policies and services worldwide.
- It was established on October 9, 1874.
- Consequently, the UPU has been in operation for over 140 years.
3. World Health Organisation (WHO):
- The WHO is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
- It was established on April 7, 1948.
- Hence, the WHO has been in existence for over 70 years.
4. World Meteorological Organisation (WMO):
- The WMO is an agency of the United Nations that focuses on meteorology, climatology, and related fields.
- It was founded on March 23, 1950.
- Consequently, the WMO has been in operation for over 70 years.
Conclusion:
Among the given options, the agency related to the United Nations that has the longest period is the Universal Postal Union (UPU), with over 140 years of existence.

Kolleru Pelicanary Reserves:

• Answer: b. The Kolleru Pelicanary situated at Elluru, Andhra Pradesh has reserves of pelicans and painted storks.

Detailed Explanation:

The correct answer is option b, which states that the Kolleru Pelicanary reserves at Elluru, Andhra Pradesh are home to pelicans and painted storks.

Here is a breakdown of the options:

• Option A: This option includes reserves of elephant, tiger, panther, and sambar. However, these animals are not found in the Kolleru Pelicanary reserves.


• Option B: This is the correct answer. The Kolleru Pelicanary reserves are known for housing pelicans and painted storks.


• Option C: This option mentions reserves of chital, sambar, chinkara, and wild birds. While it includes some wildlife, it does not specify the presence of pelicans or painted storks.


• Option D: This option lists reserves of elephant, leopard, tiger, garu, and nilgai. Similar to option A, these animals are not found in the Kolleru Pelicanary reserves.

Therefore, the correct answer is option b, which indicates that the Kolleru Pelicanary situated at Elluru, Andhra Pradesh has reserves of pelicans and painted storks.

Light Year is related to Distance

The concept of a light year is used to measure vast distances in space. It is the distance that light travels in one year in a vacuum. Here is a detailed explanation:

• Definition: A light year is the distance that light travels in one year, approximately 9.46 trillion kilometers or 5.88 trillion miles.


• Speed of Light: Light travels at a constant speed of about 299,792 kilometers per second (186,282 miles per second) in a vacuum.


• Measurement: Since the speed of light is constant, it can be used as a standard unit of distance in astronomical calculations.


• Usage: Light years are used to measure the vast distances between celestial objects such as stars, galaxies, and other astronomical bodies.


• Example: For example, if a star is located 10 light years away from Earth, it means that the light we see from that star today actually started its journey 10 years ago.


• Advantage: Using light years allows astronomers to express distances in a more convenient and understandable manner, especially when dealing with astronomical scales.

Liquid asset is

A: A type of asset that is in cash in the current account of the commercial bank

B: A type of asset that is in the form of a deposit in the current account of the commercial bank

C: Either of these

D: None of the above

Answer: C

Detailed

A liquid asset refers to an asset that can be easily converted into cash without significant loss of value. Let's break down the given options to understand the concept better:

Option A: A type of asset that is in cash in the current account of the commercial bank

• In this option, the liquid asset is described as cash in the current account of the commercial bank.


• Current accounts are typically used for day-to-day transactions, and cash held in these accounts can be readily accessed.


• This option correctly identifies cash as a liquid asset, as it can be easily converted into other forms of payment or used for immediate transactions.

Option B: A type of asset that is in the form of a deposit in the current account of the commercial bank

• In this option, the liquid asset is described as a deposit in the current account of the commercial bank.


• Deposits in current accounts can also be easily accessed and used for transactions.


• This option is also correct as deposits in the current account can be considered as liquid assets.

Based on the above analysis, both options A and B correctly describe liquid assets, so the answer is Option C: Either of these.

Jeevan Rekha (Life line) express is:
- First hospital on wheels in the world: Jeevan Rekha (Life line) express is known as the first hospital on wheels in the world. It is a unique initiative that brings medical facilities to the doorstep of people who have limited access to healthcare services.
- First railway express: Jeevan Rekha (Life line) express is not the first railway express. It is not primarily focused on transportation but rather on providing medical services to underserved areas.
- Oldest train: Jeevan Rekha (Life line) express is not the oldest train. It may be a recent initiative that has been implemented to address the healthcare needs of remote areas.
- None of the above: The correct answer is option A, as Jeevan Rekha (Life line) express is indeed the first hospital on wheels in the world.
Overall, Jeevan Rekha (Life line) express is an innovative concept that brings healthcare services to areas where there is limited access to hospitals and medical facilities. It aims to improve the health outcomes of people in remote and underserved communities by providing medical consultations, diagnostic tests, and treatment on board the train. This initiative has the potential to save lives and improve the overall health and well-being of the population.

Lata Mangeshkar holds the world record for maximum number of song recordings

Lata Mangeshkar, a renowned Indian playback singer, holds the world record for the maximum number of song recordings. Here's a detailed explanation:

• Introduction: Lata Mangeshkar is a legendary playback singer who has had an illustrious career spanning several decades. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest singers in Indian cinema.


• Record-breaking achievement: Lata Mangeshkar holds the Guinness World Record for recording songs in various languages, including Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, Gujarati, and more.


• Number of song recordings: As of 2011, Lata Mangeshkar has reportedly recorded over 25,000 solo, duet, and chorus songs in her career.


• Versatility: Lata Mangeshkar's versatility as a singer is evident in her ability to effortlessly sing songs across different genres, including classical, semi-classical, folk, devotional, and romantic.


• Impact and influence: Lata Mangeshkar's soulful voice has left an indelible mark on the Indian music industry. Her songs have resonated with millions of listeners and continue to be cherished by music enthusiasts.


• Recognition and accolades: Throughout her career, Lata Mangeshkar has received numerous awards and honors, including Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, Padma Bhushan, and Dadasaheb Phalke Award, among others.

Therefore, the correct answer is A: song recordings. Lata Mangeshkar holds the world record for the maximum number of song recordings.

Given: On August 1, 2003

Required: Total strength of India's armed forces

Options:

• A: 13,92,000


• B: 10,92,000


• C: 71,500


• D: 1,32,000

Answer: a.

Explanation:

The total strength of India's armed forces on August 1, 2003, was approximately 13,92,000. Here's how we can arrive at this answer:

• Step 1: Analyze the given options


• Step 2: Evaluate each option to find the closest approximation to the total strength of India's armed forces


• Option A: 13,92,000


• Option B: 10,92,000


• Option C: 71,500


• Option D: 1,32,000


• Step 3: Compare the options and choose the closest approximation


• Conclusion: The total strength of India's armed forces on August 1, 2003, was approximately 13,92,000, which matches option A.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A: 13,92,000.

Jesus Christ was crucified in
- A: 4 BC
- B: 4 AD
- C: 33 AD
- D: 1 AD
Answer: C (33 AD)
Detailed
1. The exact year of Jesus Christ's crucifixion has been a topic of debate among scholars and historians. However, based on historical evidence and biblical references, the most widely accepted year of Jesus Christ's crucifixion is 33 AD.
2. The New Testament accounts of Jesus' life and crucifixion provide some clues about the timing of these events. For example, the Gospel of Luke mentions that Jesus began his ministry "in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar" (Luke 3:1). Historically, Tiberius became co-regent with Augustus in 12 AD and sole emperor in 14 AD. Therefore, the fifteenth year of his reign would be around 27-29 AD.
3. The Gospel accounts also mention that Jesus was crucified during the time of the Jewish Passover festival (Mark 14:12-16, John 19:14). The Passover festival typically falls in the month of Nisan, which corresponds to March-April on the Gregorian calendar.
4. Combining these details, it is believed that Jesus began his ministry around 27-29 AD and was crucified during the Passover festival of 33 AD.
5. Additionally, historical records outside of the Bible also support the crucifixion of Jesus Christ around this time. The Roman historian Tacitus, writing in the first century AD, mentions the crucifixion of Jesus under the Roman governor Pontius Pilate.
6. It's important to note that the BC/AD dating system was established centuries after the actual events took place. Therefore, there is a discrepancy in the dating system, and Jesus' crucifixion likely occurred a few years earlier than the year 33 AD as per our modern calendar.
7. Overall, while the exact year of Jesus Christ's crucifixion cannot be pinpointed with absolute certainty, the most widely accepted and historically supported year is 33 AD.

John F. Kennedy was:

• One of the most popular Presidents of USA: John F. Kennedy was widely regarded as one of the most popular Presidents in the history of the United States. He had a charismatic personality and the ability to connect with the American people. His presidency, often referred to as the "Camelot era," was characterized by a sense of hope and optimism.


• The first Roman Catholic President: Kennedy was the first and, to date, the only Roman Catholic President of the United States. His religious affiliation was a significant factor during his campaign, as he faced some opposition and controversy due to his faith. However, he successfully navigated these challenges and went on to become President.


• Writer of "Why England slept" and "Profile in Courage": Kennedy was a talented writer and author. He wrote two notable books, "Why England slept" and "Profile in Courage." "Why England slept" was his senior thesis while he was a student at Harvard University, and it analyzed the reasons behind England's unpreparedness for World War II. "Profile in Courage" was published in 1956 and received the Pulitzer Prize for Biography in 1957.


• All of the above: Therefore, the correct answer is D, all of the above. John F. Kennedy was indeed one of the most popular Presidents of the United States, the first Roman Catholic President, and a notable writer.

The largest potential among the various non-conventional energy sources is:
Solar power:
- Solar power has the largest potential among the non-conventional energy sources.
- It is derived from the sun and is available abundantly.
- Solar energy is renewable and does not produce harmful emissions.
- It can be harnessed through photovoltaic cells or solar thermal systems.
- Solar power can be utilized in various applications such as generating electricity, heating water, and powering vehicles.
- The technology for harnessing solar power is continuously improving, making it more efficient and cost-effective.
- With advancements in energy storage systems, solar power can be used even during cloudy days or at night.
Advantages of solar power:
- Solar power is a clean and sustainable source of energy.
- It reduces dependence on fossil fuels, which are limited and contribute to climate change.
- Solar power can be harnessed at both large-scale and small-scale installations.
- It has the potential to provide electricity to remote areas that are not connected to the grid.
- Solar power systems require minimal maintenance once installed.
- It can help in reducing electricity bills for households and businesses.
Challenges and limitations:
- The initial cost of installing solar power systems can be high.
- The efficiency of solar panels can be affected by factors like shading, dust, and weather conditions.
- Energy storage technology needs further development to ensure uninterrupted power supply.
- The availability of sunlight may vary depending on geographical location and weather patterns.
In conclusion, solar power has the largest potential among non-conventional energy sources. It is abundant, renewable, and has numerous applications. Advancements in technology and falling costs are making solar power an increasingly viable option for meeting energy needs while reducing environmental impact.

Mother Teresa received the Magsaysay Award in 1962 in the area of International Understanding.

Here is a detailed explanation:
- The Magsaysay Award is an annual award established in 1957 by the Philippine government in memory of the late President Ramon Magsaysay.
- The award is given to individuals or organizations who have made significant contributions in various fields such as public service, community leadership, journalism and literature, peace and international understanding, and emergent leadership.
- Mother Teresa, a Roman Catholic nun and missionary, received the Magsaysay Award in 1962.
- She was recognized for her selfless and dedicated service to the poorest of the poor in India and around the world.
- Mother Teresa founded the Missionaries of Charity in 1950, an organization that provides care and support for the marginalized and vulnerable populations.
- Her work in providing medical care, shelter, and education to those in need, regardless of their religion or social background, exemplified the spirit of international understanding.
- Mother Teresa's efforts to promote peace, compassion, and understanding among people from different cultures and backgrounds were acknowledged through the Magsaysay Award.
- The award was a recognition of her tireless efforts to alleviate the suffering of others and to foster unity and empathy among people worldwide.
In conclusion, Mother Teresa received the Magsaysay Award in 1962 in the area of International Understanding for her exceptional work in promoting compassion and peace among people from diverse backgrounds.