Back-End Programming Exam > Back-End Programming Videos > Perl Building Blocks: An Introduction to Perl > Perl Tutorial - 43: Formatting Time
Perl Tutorial - 43: Formatting Time Video Lecture | Perl Building Blocks: An Introduction to Perl - Back-End Programming
FAQs on Perl Tutorial - 43: Formatting Time Video Lecture - Perl Building Blocks: An Introduction to Perl - Back-End Programming
| 1. How can I format time in Perl? |  |
Ans. You can format time in Perl using the strftime() function, which allows you to specify the format of the output string based on various placeholders. For example, to format the current time as "HH:MM:SS", you can use the following code:
```perl
use POSIX qw(strftime);
my $formatted_time = strftime("%H:%M:%S", localtime);
```
| 2. What are some commonly used placeholders for formatting time in Perl? | |
Ans. Some commonly used placeholders for formatting time in Perl include:
- %Y: Year with century (e.g., 2022)
- %m: Month as a two-digit number (e.g., 01 for January)
- %d: Day of the month as a two-digit number (e.g., 02)
- %H: Hour (24-hour clock) as a two-digit number (e.g., 13 for 1 PM)
- %M: Minute as a two-digit number (e.g., 05)
- %S: Second as a two-digit number (e.g., 09)
These are just a few examples, and there are many more placeholders available for different date and time components.
| 3. How can I format a specific date and time in Perl? | |
Ans. To format a specific date and time in Perl, you can use the `mktime()` function from the `Time::Local` module to convert the date and time components into the corresponding Unix timestamp. Once you have the timestamp, you can use the `strftime()` function to format it as per your requirements. Here's an example:
```perl
use POSIX qw(strftime);
use Time::Local;
my $year = 2022;
my $month = 1;
my $day = 15;
my $hour = 10;
my $minute = 30;
my $second = 0;
my $timestamp = timelocal($second, $minute, $hour, $day, $month-1, $year-1900);
my $formatted_datetime = strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", localtime($timestamp));
```
This example formats the specific date and time (January 15, 2022, 10:30 AM) as "2022-01-15 10:30:00".
| 4. Can I customize the format for the day of the week in Perl? | |
Ans. Yes, you can customize the format for the day of the week in Perl by using the `%A` or `%a` placeholders in the `strftime()` function. `%A` represents the full name of the day of the week (e.g., Sunday, Monday) and `%a` represents the abbreviated name (e.g., Sun, Mon). Here's an example:
```perl
use POSIX qw(strftime);
my $formatted_date = strftime("Today is %A", localtime);
```
This example formats the current date with the full name of the day of the week, such as "Today is Sunday".
| 5. How can I convert a formatted time string back to a timestamp in Perl? | |
Ans. You can convert a formatted time string back to a timestamp in Perl by using the `strptime()` function from the `Time::Piece` module. This function allows you to parse a string representation of a time and convert it into a `Time::Piece` object, which can then be used to retrieve the timestamp. Here's an example:
```perl
use Time::Piece;
my $formatted_time = "2022-01-01 12:30:00";
my $time_piece = Time::Piece->strptime($formatted_time, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S");
my $timestamp = $time_piece->epoch;
```
In this example, the `$formatted_time` variable contains a string representation of a time in the format "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS". The `strptime()` function parses this string using the specified format ("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") and returns a `Time::Piece` object. The `epoch` method is then used to retrieve the timestamp.
Text Transcript from Video
hello guys welcome to my channel this is
the 43rd tutorial in this course and in
this tutorial we are gonna continue our
discussion on date and time values and
we're gonna use the local time function
once again and this time after
retrieving the values for second minutes
and ours for the current time we are
going to you know write some code to
display the time in two formats we're
gonna display it in military format as
well as the digital format so I have a
script here it's called time underscore
format and this script on line number
three I have made a call to the local
time function and I have stored the
output from that function in a list
variable called my underscore date/time
and then on line number four I have
created a variable seconds to store the
value in seconds and if you remember we
discussed this in the last tutorial that
the value for seconds are stored at the
first position or the 0th index in the
output received from local time and then
minutes is at number one and thus I have
saved the value for minutes in the
variable minutes and for ours in the
variable R so you know the military
format basically requires you to just
print these values probably in the order
our minutes and seconds but for the
digital format you have to first see
whether the R's are greater than 12 less
than 12 or equal to 12 so that's what
we'll do using if statements of your
first checking if the R's are less than
12 if that is the case then you know
well the value would be the value in R
so this large would be ours but the
string that is going to denote whether
it is morning or whether it is post noon
is going to take the value a.m. so if
it's like 6 o'clock in the morning then
this would be a.m. because 6 is less
than 12 and the second case as I said
would be if ours is equal to 12
that would be the case right at noon so
the day little Lars in that case would
still be ours but the string would
change to p.m. right and finally the
third case is if ours is greater than 12
in that case little ours would be ours
minus 12 so if it's like you know 1600
that means it's 4 p.m. so that's why
you'd have to subtract 12 from 6 16 to
get 4 and the string would be p.m. and
then finally I've got a print statement
on line number 23 to display the time in
military format so as I said for
military 400 just gonna push hours
minutes and seconds and probably you
know just have two colons in between and
then on line number 24 I have a print
statement will display current time in
digital format and this is going to
display the data large then minutes in
seconds and it's also going to display
the string which has the value a.m. or
p.m. so and make sure the script is
saved and I'll press f5 to run it and
there we go we see that the current time
in military format is 1:27 and the
current time in digital format is 127 51
seconds a.m. right so it's about 1:30 in
the morning anyway I hope you guys had
fun watching this tutorial you may
subscribe to my channel if you haven't
already I'm going to see you the next
video till then take care
the 43rd tutorial in this course and in
this tutorial we are gonna continue our
discussion on date and time values and
we're gonna use the local time function
once again and this time after
retrieving the values for second minutes
and ours for the current time we are
going to you know write some code to
display the time in two formats we're
gonna display it in military format as
well as the digital format so I have a
script here it's called time underscore
format and this script on line number
three I have made a call to the local
time function and I have stored the
output from that function in a list
variable called my underscore date/time
and then on line number four I have
created a variable seconds to store the
value in seconds and if you remember we
discussed this in the last tutorial that
the value for seconds are stored at the
first position or the 0th index in the
output received from local time and then
minutes is at number one and thus I have
saved the value for minutes in the
variable minutes and for ours in the
variable R so you know the military
format basically requires you to just
print these values probably in the order
our minutes and seconds but for the
digital format you have to first see
whether the R's are greater than 12 less
than 12 or equal to 12 so that's what
we'll do using if statements of your
first checking if the R's are less than
12 if that is the case then you know
well the value would be the value in R
so this large would be ours but the
string that is going to denote whether
it is morning or whether it is post noon
is going to take the value a.m. so if
it's like 6 o'clock in the morning then
this would be a.m. because 6 is less
than 12 and the second case as I said
would be if ours is equal to 12
that would be the case right at noon so
the day little Lars in that case would
still be ours but the string would
change to p.m. right and finally the
third case is if ours is greater than 12
in that case little ours would be ours
minus 12 so if it's like you know 1600
that means it's 4 p.m. so that's why
you'd have to subtract 12 from 6 16 to
get 4 and the string would be p.m. and
then finally I've got a print statement
on line number 23 to display the time in
military format so as I said for
military 400 just gonna push hours
minutes and seconds and probably you
know just have two colons in between and
then on line number 24 I have a print
statement will display current time in
digital format and this is going to
display the data large then minutes in
seconds and it's also going to display
the string which has the value a.m. or
p.m. so and make sure the script is
saved and I'll press f5 to run it and
there we go we see that the current time
in military format is 1:27 and the
current time in digital format is 127 51
seconds a.m. right so it's about 1:30 in
the morning anyway I hope you guys had
fun watching this tutorial you may
subscribe to my channel if you haven't
already I'm going to see you the next
video till then take care
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Nov 22, 2024 Last updated |
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