Database Management Exam > Database Management Videos > Introduction to Fortran Programming (Basic Level) > Fortran Programming Tutorials (Revised) : 015 : Characters; Strings; String Arrays
Fortran Programming Tutorials (Revised) : 015 : Characters; Strings; String Arrays Video Lecture | Introduction to Fortran Programming (Basic Level) - Database Management
FAQs on Fortran Programming Tutorials (Revised) : 015 : Characters; Strings; String Arrays Video Lecture - Introduction to Fortran Programming (Basic Level) - Database Management
| 1. What is the difference between characters and strings in Fortran programming? |  |
Ans. In Fortran programming, a character is a single element that represents a single character, whereas a string is a sequence of characters. In other words, a character is a basic building block, while a string is a collection of characters.
| 2. How can I declare and manipulate strings in Fortran? | |
Ans. To declare a string in Fortran, you need to specify the maximum length of the string using the CHARACTER keyword. For example, you can declare a string of length 10 as follows: CHARACTER(LEN=10) :: myString. To manipulate strings, you can use various string manipulation functions and operations provided by the Fortran programming language.
| 3. Can I use string arrays in Fortran for database management? | |
Ans. Yes, you can use string arrays in Fortran for database management. String arrays allow you to store and manipulate multiple strings efficiently. You can use string arrays to store database records, perform operations on them, and retrieve data as needed.
| 4. What are some commonly used string manipulation functions in Fortran? | |
Ans. Fortran provides several built-in string manipulation functions, such as LEN(string) to determine the length of a string, TRIM(string) to remove trailing whitespace from a string, and CONCATENATE(string1, string2) to concatenate two strings. These functions can be used to perform various operations on strings, such as trimming, concatenating, and extracting substrings.
| 5. How can I search for specific strings or characters in a string array in Fortran? | |
Ans. To search for specific strings or characters in a string array in Fortran, you can use the INDEX function. The INDEX function returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring within a string. You can iterate over the elements of the string array and use the INDEX function to search for specific strings or characters in each element.
Text Transcript from Video
hello guys my name is Aaron and welcome
to my channel this series is a series of
tutorials on Fortran programming now in
the last tutorial we guys about the
geometric series the prague geometric
progression using du Loup and the
importance of kind parameter okay now in
this tutorial we will be looking into a
small topic which might well may not be
as of as import may not be as really
important as up now but it might be very
useful in the very useful when you were
doing a lot of file handling and
character handling and all ok this
concept is called as characters and
strings okay now in this block I already
written a small program over here but
doesn't matter I'll explain I'll walk
you guys through what what what has been
done here but it's very simple okay in
this this program is defined first
printing and explaining how characters
and strings worked like okay now what I
have is that I have program name string
start with a file name program string
star f95 and the program name is strings
okay it starts here and ends here
okay this this we program I already
actually borrowed from the previous
tutorial I made on Fortran and that so
that series became a little too big in
each and every video so I thought of
condensing it short and without made
without losing any integrity of data or
something anyway go that's going on okay
the program starts here the assertion
implicit none and then we define a
character variable called as a now what
a character does is that it's a variable
that can store just a single character
then this single Katter can be a symbol
like you know your exclamation ampersand
asterisks hash dollar person died
personal symbol caret even a space okay
IRA can store a single digit of a number
from 0 to 9 or any is alphabet yeah
either it's an uppercase alphabet or a
lowercase L but regardless you can store
only a single a single character so
that's that's why it gets the name a
character okay and then we have
something called as a string a string
can be called as an
an array of characters to be shot what
the string is it is a collection of
characters place continuously in memory
and they are together act as a single
variable okay now to define a string
it's very easy while your string casting
is very easy what you have to do is that
write the character keyword and then and
you have to include an attribute called
as Len and just like how we include kind
attribute in the previous program the
cat the attribute here is Len which is
short which in short terms for length
okay and he had to set it equal to some
value in character this the length value
by default is set to 1 here you are
given you have to set this value to some
other based on your requirement now in
this character this value character
variable B is actually a string variable
which has length 5 which in it means
that this character can hold 5 this
variable can hold 5 characters long
strings for instance like this like
white with indigo in single quotes this
is a six pile of a 5 character long
string okay like this now
this is not the only way to define
declare or declare a variable let
declare a string it has multiple ways
another way is that what you can do I'll
just come in as out okay say this the
other way is that what you can do is
that you can define you can write
character and within brackets write the
length like this fight this is also the
same as the Borah presentation this is
also the same what do you do is then you
just multiply character by a term called
as with the 5 meaning it's a 5 character
long string I simplest that and
similarly the last factor this is more
easy because suppose if we were to
define a character character like this
as in the first case or the second case
or the third case by default all the
variables that will be defined along
this line will
we'll be character arrays will be
strings a character arrays of length 5
as for this example but if you want
specific each and every I mean if you
want beaten every very valued to be to
have a different size then this is how
it should be defined this will give a
different value okay now because of this
advantage okay if we look at this
statement see becomes a character array
of six value six by six units six it's
six characters long d is a character
very character array or a string of ten
latin characters is a string of three
characters long okay we'll come to this
array of string declarations in a minute
in a minute in a minute now we define a
here let's define B here okay we will
define B here and let let us define C D
and E as it is here let's give some
values over here okay
now since a is a character which can
store only single value I just give a
value X B is a character having finally
five means string having five characters
so I give a character called name called
as white C 6 6 units 6 characters long
so I give numbers a 60 digit number but
it doesn't matter I can give characters
also that as d this 10 digit 10
characters long so I'm mixing and
matching the mixing and matching complex
statement in complicated statement with
an alphanumeric statement with numbers
alphabets and symbols okay Annie is
actually three characters long intended
to show that this character also stores
a space I given a simple I given this
character underscore space underscore
now let's print or print all this to
print all this I already in the print
commands over here okay hope you guys
can follow what I do I just
uncomment all this using this option
over here I a comment to them again
sorry let me just come and uncomment
them yeah I click format and comment
lines
okay now if I just compile this build
this and execute this there you have it
yes printed as XY Y basement that's
right see sprinters number the numbers
these the character we gave here and he
represents the space also to ensure that
space has happened I put a present I may
I put it in between underscores and it's
per getting printed I over here and I've
defined two character dimensions here
and that's two characters two string
arrays and there I define them here and
they getting printed here but we'll come
to that in a minute okay
and now this is regarding characters and
character array this is regarding
characters and strings or character
arrays now let's go into let's cow I
will comment this out okay bye if you
guys noticed commenting is a kind of a
simple way to avoid certain character
tons and certain lines not to be
included in the declaration of a program
and all okay this but it's also used for
not only used for giving information but
you can also use to ignore certain
statements well do while doing
executions or not this might turn out to
be really handy and if you guys want
since there are no multiple multi-line
comments in Fortran the best way is that
you can use the advantage of the
compilers okay for that purpose what are
you can do is select or select your
multiple lines and click come and lick
right click and then in format this is
often called as comment lines this will
work pretty fine and if you just go
right click this again and I comment
this yeah now I want to include this now
let's go for characterization now what a
character array does it's it's also
called as an array of strings
sorry I mispronounced its string array
of strings okay what this does is that
this degree uses variables that can
store multiple values at a time multiple
strings at a time here we notice array
of character array of strings say sorry
array of characters is a string which
can store multiple characters at a time
whereas array of strings is that there
are next level next level RS is a second
dimensional two dimensional character
character array wherein you can store
multiple names or multiple strings with
each string being a multiple series of
characters okay now the basic definition
for making and making a string is like
this what you have to do is that you
have to give the character to character
keyword and then you have to set the
length of it just like what he did here
and then I declare and you declare the
size of it how long how many values how
many strings are there using this
keyword dimension now here I set the
length to be six and dimension to be two
so this variable STR one okay will have
two strings each of six characters in
length okay now this being said let's
ignore all this okay
to name them what do you have to do is
that you have to name them like this
string of string one with the kind of I
write write them like this and the first
value of it is carob because it's a six
letter word the six letter K array and
because I let the I've set the length to
be six so I write the correct carom over
here and also the second value is code
with the space with the space and then
then followed by ng this actually I
wrote it as coding but to indicate that
there are space in the program it cannot
it can accept space along with it I'm
giving this space intentionally okay and
if you guys want to read the strings
okay you can use this command read and
you can specify individual values or you
can use a do loop to get the values one
by one or depending on your requirement
and before the print them this is how we
have to print yeah right you can you can
just represent them directly like this
all you have to do is that mention the
value properly and that's all you have
that's all you have guys have here now
let's see
let's get let's get them printed before
you know going to the other steps like
okay okay sorry I declared this again so
let me just you know comment this align
out come with this light not compile
this will this and run this yeah first
string ask Adam second string this cord
on the cord space energy cars with Angie
and as you have it okay now this is how
strings work and you can you and maybe
in the future programs we look at how
strings and swing arrays can be done
used Maisie asleep I mean we used
accordingly and then this is not the
only guy representation there are
multiple there are multiple ways to
define character arrays okay
the that's the other this this this
dimension also works you guys know this
these are extreme exactly similar to how
we define guide array of array of
characters or strings the array of
strings is they differ I mean the
declarations are exactly the similar
exactly the same except that you know
you don't have a dimension here but we
have a diamond she had to indicate that
this is a array of strings and this this
statement is also this is pressing the
same and if you guys want an equivalent
of this statement value can define
multiple strings each of different
lengths here you could define here they
can define multiple string character
multiple string arrays each of having
different the sizes but but the only
problem is that means each of different
lengths but all have the same dimension
if there's I don't think there's a
permission to change the dimensions as
of now I haven't checked it yet if there
is a provision I let you know I read you
in the future tutorials okay now this
way we define we define this and if I
just compile this run the build this and
execute this it works the same you get
the same result because these are
identically though the synthetic little
different there I they do the same
process all together and there is one
more - there is one more thing I wanted
to teach it'll you guys
this is regarding printing this is
regarding the user the usage of the
usage of single quotes and double course
and how to use the marker use them
accordingly where I'll I'll tell this in
the next tutorial because this video is
getting a little too longer and that's
all I have for you guys in this tutorial
thank you guys for watching see you guys
in the next tutorial bye
to my channel this series is a series of
tutorials on Fortran programming now in
the last tutorial we guys about the
geometric series the prague geometric
progression using du Loup and the
importance of kind parameter okay now in
this tutorial we will be looking into a
small topic which might well may not be
as of as import may not be as really
important as up now but it might be very
useful in the very useful when you were
doing a lot of file handling and
character handling and all ok this
concept is called as characters and
strings okay now in this block I already
written a small program over here but
doesn't matter I'll explain I'll walk
you guys through what what what has been
done here but it's very simple okay in
this this program is defined first
printing and explaining how characters
and strings worked like okay now what I
have is that I have program name string
start with a file name program string
star f95 and the program name is strings
okay it starts here and ends here
okay this this we program I already
actually borrowed from the previous
tutorial I made on Fortran and that so
that series became a little too big in
each and every video so I thought of
condensing it short and without made
without losing any integrity of data or
something anyway go that's going on okay
the program starts here the assertion
implicit none and then we define a
character variable called as a now what
a character does is that it's a variable
that can store just a single character
then this single Katter can be a symbol
like you know your exclamation ampersand
asterisks hash dollar person died
personal symbol caret even a space okay
IRA can store a single digit of a number
from 0 to 9 or any is alphabet yeah
either it's an uppercase alphabet or a
lowercase L but regardless you can store
only a single a single character so
that's that's why it gets the name a
character okay and then we have
something called as a string a string
can be called as an
an array of characters to be shot what
the string is it is a collection of
characters place continuously in memory
and they are together act as a single
variable okay now to define a string
it's very easy while your string casting
is very easy what you have to do is that
write the character keyword and then and
you have to include an attribute called
as Len and just like how we include kind
attribute in the previous program the
cat the attribute here is Len which is
short which in short terms for length
okay and he had to set it equal to some
value in character this the length value
by default is set to 1 here you are
given you have to set this value to some
other based on your requirement now in
this character this value character
variable B is actually a string variable
which has length 5 which in it means
that this character can hold 5 this
variable can hold 5 characters long
strings for instance like this like
white with indigo in single quotes this
is a six pile of a 5 character long
string okay like this now
this is not the only way to define
declare or declare a variable let
declare a string it has multiple ways
another way is that what you can do I'll
just come in as out okay say this the
other way is that what you can do is
that you can define you can write
character and within brackets write the
length like this fight this is also the
same as the Borah presentation this is
also the same what do you do is then you
just multiply character by a term called
as with the 5 meaning it's a 5 character
long string I simplest that and
similarly the last factor this is more
easy because suppose if we were to
define a character character like this
as in the first case or the second case
or the third case by default all the
variables that will be defined along
this line will
we'll be character arrays will be
strings a character arrays of length 5
as for this example but if you want
specific each and every I mean if you
want beaten every very valued to be to
have a different size then this is how
it should be defined this will give a
different value okay now because of this
advantage okay if we look at this
statement see becomes a character array
of six value six by six units six it's
six characters long d is a character
very character array or a string of ten
latin characters is a string of three
characters long okay we'll come to this
array of string declarations in a minute
in a minute in a minute now we define a
here let's define B here okay we will
define B here and let let us define C D
and E as it is here let's give some
values over here okay
now since a is a character which can
store only single value I just give a
value X B is a character having finally
five means string having five characters
so I give a character called name called
as white C 6 6 units 6 characters long
so I give numbers a 60 digit number but
it doesn't matter I can give characters
also that as d this 10 digit 10
characters long so I'm mixing and
matching the mixing and matching complex
statement in complicated statement with
an alphanumeric statement with numbers
alphabets and symbols okay Annie is
actually three characters long intended
to show that this character also stores
a space I given a simple I given this
character underscore space underscore
now let's print or print all this to
print all this I already in the print
commands over here okay hope you guys
can follow what I do I just
uncomment all this using this option
over here I a comment to them again
sorry let me just come and uncomment
them yeah I click format and comment
lines
okay now if I just compile this build
this and execute this there you have it
yes printed as XY Y basement that's
right see sprinters number the numbers
these the character we gave here and he
represents the space also to ensure that
space has happened I put a present I may
I put it in between underscores and it's
per getting printed I over here and I've
defined two character dimensions here
and that's two characters two string
arrays and there I define them here and
they getting printed here but we'll come
to that in a minute okay
and now this is regarding characters and
character array this is regarding
characters and strings or character
arrays now let's go into let's cow I
will comment this out okay bye if you
guys noticed commenting is a kind of a
simple way to avoid certain character
tons and certain lines not to be
included in the declaration of a program
and all okay this but it's also used for
not only used for giving information but
you can also use to ignore certain
statements well do while doing
executions or not this might turn out to
be really handy and if you guys want
since there are no multiple multi-line
comments in Fortran the best way is that
you can use the advantage of the
compilers okay for that purpose what are
you can do is select or select your
multiple lines and click come and lick
right click and then in format this is
often called as comment lines this will
work pretty fine and if you just go
right click this again and I comment
this yeah now I want to include this now
let's go for characterization now what a
character array does it's it's also
called as an array of strings
sorry I mispronounced its string array
of strings okay what this does is that
this degree uses variables that can
store multiple values at a time multiple
strings at a time here we notice array
of character array of strings say sorry
array of characters is a string which
can store multiple characters at a time
whereas array of strings is that there
are next level next level RS is a second
dimensional two dimensional character
character array wherein you can store
multiple names or multiple strings with
each string being a multiple series of
characters okay now the basic definition
for making and making a string is like
this what you have to do is that you
have to give the character to character
keyword and then you have to set the
length of it just like what he did here
and then I declare and you declare the
size of it how long how many values how
many strings are there using this
keyword dimension now here I set the
length to be six and dimension to be two
so this variable STR one okay will have
two strings each of six characters in
length okay now this being said let's
ignore all this okay
to name them what do you have to do is
that you have to name them like this
string of string one with the kind of I
write write them like this and the first
value of it is carob because it's a six
letter word the six letter K array and
because I let the I've set the length to
be six so I write the correct carom over
here and also the second value is code
with the space with the space and then
then followed by ng this actually I
wrote it as coding but to indicate that
there are space in the program it cannot
it can accept space along with it I'm
giving this space intentionally okay and
if you guys want to read the strings
okay you can use this command read and
you can specify individual values or you
can use a do loop to get the values one
by one or depending on your requirement
and before the print them this is how we
have to print yeah right you can you can
just represent them directly like this
all you have to do is that mention the
value properly and that's all you have
that's all you have guys have here now
let's see
let's get let's get them printed before
you know going to the other steps like
okay okay sorry I declared this again so
let me just you know comment this align
out come with this light not compile
this will this and run this yeah first
string ask Adam second string this cord
on the cord space energy cars with Angie
and as you have it okay now this is how
strings work and you can you and maybe
in the future programs we look at how
strings and swing arrays can be done
used Maisie asleep I mean we used
accordingly and then this is not the
only guy representation there are
multiple there are multiple ways to
define character arrays okay
the that's the other this this this
dimension also works you guys know this
these are extreme exactly similar to how
we define guide array of array of
characters or strings the array of
strings is they differ I mean the
declarations are exactly the similar
exactly the same except that you know
you don't have a dimension here but we
have a diamond she had to indicate that
this is a array of strings and this this
statement is also this is pressing the
same and if you guys want an equivalent
of this statement value can define
multiple strings each of different
lengths here you could define here they
can define multiple string character
multiple string arrays each of having
different the sizes but but the only
problem is that means each of different
lengths but all have the same dimension
if there's I don't think there's a
permission to change the dimensions as
of now I haven't checked it yet if there
is a provision I let you know I read you
in the future tutorials okay now this
way we define we define this and if I
just compile this run the build this and
execute this it works the same you get
the same result because these are
identically though the synthetic little
different there I they do the same
process all together and there is one
more - there is one more thing I wanted
to teach it'll you guys
this is regarding printing this is
regarding the user the usage of the
usage of single quotes and double course
and how to use the marker use them
accordingly where I'll I'll tell this in
the next tutorial because this video is
getting a little too longer and that's
all I have for you guys in this tutorial
thank you guys for watching see you guys
in the next tutorial bye
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Nov 24, 2024 Last updated |
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