Database Management Exam > Database Management Videos > Introduction to Fortran Programming (Basic Level) > Fortran Programming Tutorials (Revised) : 036 : 2D arrays; Reshape; Pack; Masking
Fortran Programming Tutorials (Revised) : 036 : 2D arrays; Reshape; Pack; Masking Video Lecture | Introduction to Fortran Programming (Basic Level) - Database Management
FAQs on Fortran Programming Tutorials (Revised) : 036 : 2D arrays; Reshape; Pack; Masking Video Lecture - Introduction to Fortran Programming (Basic Level) - Database Management
| 1. How can I create a 2D array in Fortran? |  |
Ans. To create a 2D array in Fortran, you can declare a variable with two dimensions using the syntax: "real, dimension(rows, columns) :: array_name". For example, to create a 2D array of size 3x4, you can use the following code:
```
real, dimension(3, 4) :: my_array
```
| 2. What is the purpose of the "Reshape" function in Fortran? | |
Ans. The "Reshape" function in Fortran is used to change the shape of an array without changing its data. It allows you to rearrange the elements of an array into a different shape. For example, you can reshape a 1D array into a 2D array or vice versa. The syntax for using the "Reshape" function is: "Reshape(source_array, target_shape)".
| 3. How can I pack elements of an array based on a given condition in Fortran? | |
Ans. In Fortran, you can use the "Pack" function to extract elements from an array based on a specified condition. The "Pack" function accepts three arguments: the source array, a logical mask array, and an optional dimension argument. The resulting packed array will contain only the elements from the source array that correspond to the true values in the mask array. Here's an example usage:
```
integer, dimension(5) :: source_array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
logical, dimension(5) :: mask_array = [.true., .false., .true., .false., .true.]
integer, dimension(count(mask_array)) :: packed_array
packed_array = Pack(source_array, mask_array)
```
| 4. Can I use Fortran for managing databases? | |
Ans. While Fortran is primarily used for scientific and numerical computing, it is not commonly used for managing databases. Fortran lacks built-in support for database management systems (DBMS) and relational database operations. However, Fortran can be used in conjunction with other programming languages or external libraries to interact with databases. If you need to work with databases, it is recommended to use a language that has better support for DBMS, such as SQL or a high-level language like Python or Java.
| 5. How can I mask elements in a Fortran array based on a condition? | |
Ans. To mask elements in a Fortran array based on a condition, you can use the "Where" statement or construct. The "Where" construct allows you to apply a logical condition to an array and modify its elements based on that condition. Here's an example usage:
```
integer, dimension(5) :: my_array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
integer, dimension(5) :: masked_array
Where(my_array > 3)
masked_array = my_array * 2
Elsewhere
masked_array = my_array
End Where
```
In this example, the elements of "masked_array" will be doubled if the corresponding element in "my_array" is greater than 3. Otherwise, the elements will remain unchanged.
Text Transcript from Video
hey guys my name is Aaron and welcome to
my channel this series is a series of
tutorials on Fortran programming now the
last tutorial we just saw some you just
we just saw an example of how example of
subroutines and all in today in this
tutorial I'll be explaining guys a
simple fact that can be done using that
be done can be done using arrays and the
concept that we are going to learn here
will be useful for our subsequent
tutorial okay and the sorry for the
delay you guys know that this video came
a little later when compared to the
previous ones reason because I just
updated my operating system now it's as
of now it's Ubuntu 15.0 for they call it
vivid wear of it I suppose okay and I
have to read reshuffle everything and
reinstall stuff and all and so on anyway
coming back okay to in this in this
program we like I'll explain you guys
some functions that are available some
facilities that are available in Fortran
regarding multi-dimensional arrays okay
and we will see how how is you will see
how the array indexing happens in
Fortran now what I have here is a small
program called as matt underscore slice
as a name suggests what it does is that
it just slices a certain matrix a
certain matrix of a given in the given
and then stores only a fraction of a
matrix inside other matrix now I'll
explain I'll just walk you guys through
what happened here okay this is a simple
code so I'll walk you guys through the
program starts here I define three i
define a matrix a real real diamonds
real number matrix outside type eight
and it's it's a two by two matrix so I
give it a give it a dimension 3 comma 3
now this 3 comma 3 indicates that this
matrix will have 3 rows and 3 columns so
this is no more there's more than the
matrix this is a 2 dimensional array
kind of 2 dimensional and here as far as
the python is concerned array and
mattresses they are like
say they're more or less similar they're
more or less the same so you know you
can mix and match the thumbs but in
other programming languages they might
be different so we just have to keep
that in mind okay and then I have add a
to diet or I've mentioned the matrix or
a two-dimensional array named slice okay
in this matrix we're going to save all
the values in this matrix are going to
say a fraction or a slice of this matrix
here and what are declaring here is that
I'm declaring a new matrix a logical
three-dimensional array let me - Roger -
dimension three class three array called
as mask and then ignore this for now and
I'm gonna be and I'm declaring two
variables namely Ike Ike and J equals to
3 now what I can do is that C instead of
just type a mat you know you insert a
big mat equals 1 comma 1 equals 1 say
for 1 comma matrix to come 1 something
of that so do 3 and so on this is really
as sometimes this will be really messy
and sometimes what you can do is that
you could just write this in RA and
write this in a do loop and stuff and
you get the get the values and off but
what what even what I recommend is that
these what I mention is that these
methods you know by saving the values
one by one by one is really annoying
sometimes
so I mat see my photon has a simple way
to do that what it does is that you can
use this tree shape command to do with
of to do this reshaping now what I will
do what I've done is here is that see
this matrix has 3 grows in three columns
so there are like nine elements okay
nine elements so what I've done here is
that I returned the nine numbers 1 to 9
in a part in a different order
don't worry about the order and I
written between them between slash
symbols and covering them with brackets
now what does this reshape command does
is that it takes a one dimensional array
okay
and then he reshapes it to the kind of
size the size of the matrix wants and
that
saves it and returns it now in this
reshape reshape function what what it
does is that it takes this one
dimensional array if and you guys
noticed this time one dimensional array
has only one row but night one row but
it has nine values okay and what and
what this Pro does is it gives the shape
of the array
no no this is one class nine now if you
put this 3 comma 3 what will happen is
that this array will be real because it
will be fragmented into 3 car will be
fragmented with 3 rows each row having 3
elements each row having 3 columns and
each of them will be separately stacked
to my stack to Matt ok now what I've
done here is that I've used
now I've declared this mask command mask
where mask matrix to be true by default
everywhere this value is true ok now
what I've done here in these lines is
that I have the after declaring
everything to be true I'm making the
first row all the elements in the eighth
row to be false and similarly I'm making
all the elements in the I jth column to
be false I'm making all the elements
inside a throw to be false and all their
mess in the eighth row to be first this
this way this way what what I have is
that is that the I throw a jade column
all the room is Nitro and Jade column of
this matrix man mask will be false
whereas the remaining elements will be
true ok now in this this command what it
does is that I mean here I'm using the
same same reshape comment here but it's
a small change what I'm using is that
I'm using something called us a pack
command that function now what does this
pad function does is that is that it
takes a given matrix and comparison
compares that value the each and every
index position turn another into
to the corresponding explosion of a mask
matrix like this okay this mask matrix
should be a logical matrix okay now what
happens is that if certain Eike Eike
match a portion of this matrix there's
equal to this and compared with this
part you get returns to be true okay
let's say now here what happens is that
since I is 3 J is 3 now I equals 1 and J
equals 1 will be true for this mask
matrix so that it compares 1 comma 1 of
this matrix with this 1 comma 1 of this
matrix since this mask matrix has that
value to be true this value will remain
as it is and kept kept as it is it like
similarly next value we'll see whether
that is false here if it's not if it's
true it will be placed and like that it
will just call collect all the math all
the values which are coarse index
portions are false in this all the
values of this matrix whose end
expressions are false in this matrix and
forms the are forms a one dimensional
array a one dimensional array and then
after the one dimensional array is
formed it returns a one times an array
here is the entire statement and now I
am reshaping this one dimensional array
into a 2 cross 2 array and saving it to
this slice variable and then what I'm
doing here is they're just printing them
value here let me just know just to give
you guys a feel what exactly is going on
I'll just compile this versus no it's
just simple so I'll just execute this
yeah perfect now if you guys notice now
the slice of 1 comma minus 1 they will
forget about the slice it's not exactly
sliced by the way it's actually this
matrix matrix this matrix with mat is
getting printed here because of this
formatting so matrix 1 comma 1 is
actually 1 1 comma 2 is 2 1 comma 3 is 3
- comma - 4 5 6 & 9 like that I'll
explain you guys about the indexing
mechanism here it's a little different
in photon I'll explain guys in a minute
ok now in
you know instead of this Matt insert
this Matt what I do is that I just put
the slice okay okay now if I were to
compile and execute this yeah
perfect it just removes but it just
removes them now what I do is that let
me just have them both in place sorry
okay I just copy this okay all right
this house - all right this s - and then
I'd write slice slice and then I write
the slice here okay now if I were to
compare build and execute this yeah you
guys notice because on the top we have I
equals 3 and J equals 3 all the elements
that are present and I throw I throw a
jet column there remove so so this
matrix is turn out to be a 4 by 4 matrix
in second and against this matrix which
is a 3 by 3 matrix okay now that's how
that's all I have for you guys in this
tutorial now in the next tutorial I'll
explain you guys the you know I will run
the same program I'll explain you guys
how the you know the array operation and
indexing mechanisms works in Fortran
because this is very very important when
you when you have to work with and work
with and deal with higher order
mattresses okay and then in the in the
next subsequent tutorial we will be
looking at we will be looking at
devising a program to calculate the
determinant of a determinant of a matrix
that will be that will be done using
that will be done using a subroutine and
subroutine and stuff okay thank you guys
for watching see you guys next tutorial
my channel this series is a series of
tutorials on Fortran programming now the
last tutorial we just saw some you just
we just saw an example of how example of
subroutines and all in today in this
tutorial I'll be explaining guys a
simple fact that can be done using that
be done can be done using arrays and the
concept that we are going to learn here
will be useful for our subsequent
tutorial okay and the sorry for the
delay you guys know that this video came
a little later when compared to the
previous ones reason because I just
updated my operating system now it's as
of now it's Ubuntu 15.0 for they call it
vivid wear of it I suppose okay and I
have to read reshuffle everything and
reinstall stuff and all and so on anyway
coming back okay to in this in this
program we like I'll explain you guys
some functions that are available some
facilities that are available in Fortran
regarding multi-dimensional arrays okay
and we will see how how is you will see
how the array indexing happens in
Fortran now what I have here is a small
program called as matt underscore slice
as a name suggests what it does is that
it just slices a certain matrix a
certain matrix of a given in the given
and then stores only a fraction of a
matrix inside other matrix now I'll
explain I'll just walk you guys through
what happened here okay this is a simple
code so I'll walk you guys through the
program starts here I define three i
define a matrix a real real diamonds
real number matrix outside type eight
and it's it's a two by two matrix so I
give it a give it a dimension 3 comma 3
now this 3 comma 3 indicates that this
matrix will have 3 rows and 3 columns so
this is no more there's more than the
matrix this is a 2 dimensional array
kind of 2 dimensional and here as far as
the python is concerned array and
mattresses they are like
say they're more or less similar they're
more or less the same so you know you
can mix and match the thumbs but in
other programming languages they might
be different so we just have to keep
that in mind okay and then I have add a
to diet or I've mentioned the matrix or
a two-dimensional array named slice okay
in this matrix we're going to save all
the values in this matrix are going to
say a fraction or a slice of this matrix
here and what are declaring here is that
I'm declaring a new matrix a logical
three-dimensional array let me - Roger -
dimension three class three array called
as mask and then ignore this for now and
I'm gonna be and I'm declaring two
variables namely Ike Ike and J equals to
3 now what I can do is that C instead of
just type a mat you know you insert a
big mat equals 1 comma 1 equals 1 say
for 1 comma matrix to come 1 something
of that so do 3 and so on this is really
as sometimes this will be really messy
and sometimes what you can do is that
you could just write this in RA and
write this in a do loop and stuff and
you get the get the values and off but
what what even what I recommend is that
these what I mention is that these
methods you know by saving the values
one by one by one is really annoying
sometimes
so I mat see my photon has a simple way
to do that what it does is that you can
use this tree shape command to do with
of to do this reshaping now what I will
do what I've done is here is that see
this matrix has 3 grows in three columns
so there are like nine elements okay
nine elements so what I've done here is
that I returned the nine numbers 1 to 9
in a part in a different order
don't worry about the order and I
written between them between slash
symbols and covering them with brackets
now what does this reshape command does
is that it takes a one dimensional array
okay
and then he reshapes it to the kind of
size the size of the matrix wants and
that
saves it and returns it now in this
reshape reshape function what what it
does is that it takes this one
dimensional array if and you guys
noticed this time one dimensional array
has only one row but night one row but
it has nine values okay and what and
what this Pro does is it gives the shape
of the array
no no this is one class nine now if you
put this 3 comma 3 what will happen is
that this array will be real because it
will be fragmented into 3 car will be
fragmented with 3 rows each row having 3
elements each row having 3 columns and
each of them will be separately stacked
to my stack to Matt ok now what I've
done here is that I've used
now I've declared this mask command mask
where mask matrix to be true by default
everywhere this value is true ok now
what I've done here in these lines is
that I have the after declaring
everything to be true I'm making the
first row all the elements in the eighth
row to be false and similarly I'm making
all the elements in the I jth column to
be false I'm making all the elements
inside a throw to be false and all their
mess in the eighth row to be first this
this way this way what what I have is
that is that the I throw a jade column
all the room is Nitro and Jade column of
this matrix man mask will be false
whereas the remaining elements will be
true ok now in this this command what it
does is that I mean here I'm using the
same same reshape comment here but it's
a small change what I'm using is that
I'm using something called us a pack
command that function now what does this
pad function does is that is that it
takes a given matrix and comparison
compares that value the each and every
index position turn another into
to the corresponding explosion of a mask
matrix like this okay this mask matrix
should be a logical matrix okay now what
happens is that if certain Eike Eike
match a portion of this matrix there's
equal to this and compared with this
part you get returns to be true okay
let's say now here what happens is that
since I is 3 J is 3 now I equals 1 and J
equals 1 will be true for this mask
matrix so that it compares 1 comma 1 of
this matrix with this 1 comma 1 of this
matrix since this mask matrix has that
value to be true this value will remain
as it is and kept kept as it is it like
similarly next value we'll see whether
that is false here if it's not if it's
true it will be placed and like that it
will just call collect all the math all
the values which are coarse index
portions are false in this all the
values of this matrix whose end
expressions are false in this matrix and
forms the are forms a one dimensional
array a one dimensional array and then
after the one dimensional array is
formed it returns a one times an array
here is the entire statement and now I
am reshaping this one dimensional array
into a 2 cross 2 array and saving it to
this slice variable and then what I'm
doing here is they're just printing them
value here let me just know just to give
you guys a feel what exactly is going on
I'll just compile this versus no it's
just simple so I'll just execute this
yeah perfect now if you guys notice now
the slice of 1 comma minus 1 they will
forget about the slice it's not exactly
sliced by the way it's actually this
matrix matrix this matrix with mat is
getting printed here because of this
formatting so matrix 1 comma 1 is
actually 1 1 comma 2 is 2 1 comma 3 is 3
- comma - 4 5 6 & 9 like that I'll
explain you guys about the indexing
mechanism here it's a little different
in photon I'll explain guys in a minute
ok now in
you know instead of this Matt insert
this Matt what I do is that I just put
the slice okay okay now if I were to
compile and execute this yeah
perfect it just removes but it just
removes them now what I do is that let
me just have them both in place sorry
okay I just copy this okay all right
this house - all right this s - and then
I'd write slice slice and then I write
the slice here okay now if I were to
compare build and execute this yeah you
guys notice because on the top we have I
equals 3 and J equals 3 all the elements
that are present and I throw I throw a
jet column there remove so so this
matrix is turn out to be a 4 by 4 matrix
in second and against this matrix which
is a 3 by 3 matrix okay now that's how
that's all I have for you guys in this
tutorial now in the next tutorial I'll
explain you guys the you know I will run
the same program I'll explain you guys
how the you know the array operation and
indexing mechanisms works in Fortran
because this is very very important when
you when you have to work with and work
with and deal with higher order
mattresses okay and then in the in the
next subsequent tutorial we will be
looking at we will be looking at
devising a program to calculate the
determinant of a determinant of a matrix
that will be that will be done using
that will be done using a subroutine and
subroutine and stuff okay thank you guys
for watching see you guys next tutorial
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Nov 25, 2024 Last updated |
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