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Sources of Irrigation Video Lecture | Geography for UPSC CSE

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FAQs on Sources of Irrigation Video Lecture - Geography for UPSC CSE

1. What are the different sources of irrigation?
Ans. The different sources of irrigation include surface water, groundwater, rainfall, and recycled or treated wastewater. Surface water is obtained from rivers, lakes, and canals, while groundwater is extracted from underground aquifers using wells. Rainfall is a natural source of irrigation, and in areas with limited water resources, treated wastewater can also be used for irrigation purposes.
2. How is surface water used for irrigation?
Ans. Surface water for irrigation is typically collected from rivers, lakes, or canals through diversion structures such as dams or weirs. This water is then channeled to the fields through a network of canals and ditches. Farmers use this water to flood fields or create furrows for the even distribution of water. Surface water irrigation systems require proper management and maintenance to ensure a reliable supply of water to the crops.
3. What is groundwater irrigation and how is it accessed?
Ans. Groundwater irrigation involves extracting water from underground aquifers using wells. Farmers use electric or diesel-powered pumps to lift the water from the wells and distribute it to their fields. Groundwater is accessed by drilling wells deep into the earth until they reach the water-bearing layer. The depth of the well and the pumping capacity of the pump determine the amount of water that can be accessed for irrigation.
4. How does rainfall contribute to irrigation?
Ans. Rainfall is a natural source of irrigation and plays a vital role in agriculture. Adequate rainfall provides water directly to the crops, replenishing soil moisture and supporting plant growth. Farmers rely on rainfall patterns to plan their planting and harvesting schedules. However, in regions with irregular or insufficient rainfall, supplemental irrigation methods, such as surface water or groundwater irrigation, are necessary to ensure crop productivity.
5. Can treated wastewater be used for irrigation?
Ans. Yes, treated wastewater can be used for irrigation purposes. Wastewater treatment plants treat domestic or industrial wastewater to remove contaminants and pathogens, making it suitable for certain irrigation applications. Treated wastewater can be used for irrigation in non-edible crops, such as landscaping, golf courses, or parks. However, it is important to ensure that the treated wastewater meets specific quality standards and does not pose any health risks to the crops or the environment.
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