FreeCAD Lesson 02 - Whiffle Ball Video Lecture | Mastering FreeCad: Tutorial for Beginners - Design Softwares

hello and welcome to another video
tutorial about free cat in this video
tutorial we are going to model with
little ball shown here on the screen and
we will use the part workbench this time
as you may remember from last lesson
with the Turner's cube we used the part
design workbench whose basic idea is
that you draw sketches and extrude or
revolve them into 3d shapes the part
workbench has a different workflow as
you can see here from its symbols it
will allow you either to insert part
primitives and do boolean operations
with them you can either fuse them you
can cut shapes or you can intersect
mehgan intersection of the same shapes
but also the part workbench has methods
of drawing sketches and extruding and
revolving them or doing something like
loft or sweep these icons cited here are
for measurement purposes so let's begin
with our lesson so now I'm going to
close this document here and I'm going
to create a new document the first thing
I will do is in that a cube as you can
see here a cube was inserted with
standard dimensions and a standard
position I just changed here to X
symmetric view and now I say fit all to
be sure that I have everything on screen
so if I highlight here in the 3vv cube
and switch to the data tab it tells me
that the standard cube
as ten millimeters length 10 millimeters
but width and 10 millimeters 8 so we are
going to change these values by clicking
one time inside with box and we will
change the length to be of 90
millimeters and we will also change the
our two values to be also 90 millimeters
let's repeat the feat all command to
zoom out and if I change now to
wireframe mode and if I say you toggle X
is cross you will see that the cube was
inserted at this position here is the
origin since it is a good idea when
modeling in 3d space to use symmetry
wherever possible I would save it this
is a very good idea to move the object
that the origin is in the middle of the
cube we can accomplish this by
highlighting the cube in the tree view
and changing its placement here you
click in this box on the right side and
then you see three dots appear you click
once more on the three dots and now you
can change the placement values of the
cube at the moment it is centered at 0 0
0 and it has no rotation
so the first thing I'll do because it's
my personal preference I'll apply
incremental changes to an object
placement I rarely do all changes at
once because that allows me to control a
little bit if everything is going the
right way so I take this box and say to
move the object to the correct location
I will first correct the value of the
x-axis since we applied 90 millimeters
to this distance here I will correct the
x value by highlighting the zero and
then entering with keyboard - 45
millimeters as you can see here the
object it move in X direction to be
correct in negative x-direction by 45
millimeters we will repeat these
operations with Y and with z-axis every
time - 45 millimeters as you can see if
I rotate the object a little bit the
origin is now where I want it to be
exactly in the middle of the cube I
click on apply' to make sure that values
are entered and I say ok and as you can
see here these placement values did not
change so I go back to X symmetric you
i-safe it all
and I save you toggle access cross to
get rid of the excess cross at the
moment so the next step would be to
insert another cube so I click on the in
that cube icon and as you can see here
this cube is also inserted at the origin
with the standard values of ten
millimeter each dimension as I highlight
it here in the tree view and make sure I
have switched to a datatype here you see
the values appear here okay this time we
will change the cube to have 80
millimeter
in every direction and now we have to
change the placement as well so I did
click one time here in a placement row
and when I click on v3 icon these three
small dots here and now I make sure to
apply incremental changes and I will
move the object in negative x-direction
about 40 millimeters the same will for Y
and the Z direction I click on apply you
see if I click on apply these values are
resented because I clicked apply
incremental changes and the dialog would
be ready to accept further instructions
so now I click on OK
and I've inserted a Pacific Vista cube
successfully so now we will do a boolean
operation we will highlight here in the
tree view the cube when we do a
multi-select
by pressing ctrl keep control pressed
and highlight cube 0 0 1 now we will
perform a boolean cut by clicking on the
second icon here in this arrangement now
as you can see here I did a cut between
I'd itit cut away the volume of cube 0 0
1 from the volume of the cube and now
they are toggled invisible with two
cubes so with the new shape which is
actual and when present
it's where cut shape so the next step
would be to insert a cylinder as you can
see here the cylinder is inserted with
standard position and stand up the
dimension values so I click on the
cylinder and look at the data tab radius
I will change to be 27 comma 5
millimeters and the 8 I will change to
be 90 millimeters
and now I must a correct replacement so
I click here and now I click on the
freed dots and I will correct placement
in negative Z direction by 45
millimeters I click on apply ok that's
it now I will do once more a boolean
operation a boolean cut so I highlight
the cut shape I press ctrl and keep
control pressed I highlight the cylinder
and click on cut let's change the view
to as is and you can see what we just
did
we made a hollow box with two
cylindrical openings here I choose the
cylinder to be of the same eight s per
box which is not every time a very good
idea when performing boolean operations
it could be successful but there are
some times occasions when you have
coplanar faces where the boolean
operation will fail so it is often a
better idea to have overlapping shapes
when performing boolean operations okay
now we will change back to wireframe
mode to have a better visual
representation of what is going on we
will
minimize this view here and we will
insert a second cylinder this cylinder
I will also change the dimensional
values radius we will have 27 comma five
millimeters and v8 should be 90
millimeters I click an empty space so
you see we have here a second cylinder
insert it I will highlight the cylinder
again because I need for placement to be
changed as well so I will click here
into placement row and then I will click
on these three dots and I will make sure
that incremental changes are applied so
the first thing I will do is I will
rotate the cylinder around the x-axis so
I switch here to the x-axis and let's
try an angle of 90 degrees this looks
like the perfect orientation but the
position is not OK as you can see here I
have to correct for position in the
y-axis direction okay I click apply to
accept the changes I trust it and when I
correct the value of y x axis by minus
45 no sorry my fault
we are not going a negative direction we
are going in positive direction by 45
millimeters this looks good I click on
apply say okay and then I will perform
another boolean cut with these shapes so
I mark here but cut zero zero one I
press ctrl keep control pressed and do
highlight these were visit Linda I just
inserted and then I will perform a cut
and that's it okay
now we will insert another cylinder we
will highlight whistle Indian with
review we will change for dimensions
also to 27 comma five millimeters and we
hate to be 90 millimeters and then we
need replacement to be changed I will
apply an incremental change and now I
will not rotate about the x axis I will
rotate about Y axis okay so we change
here to Y we apply 90 degree change this
looks very good we say apply and then we
have to correct the value of the x axis
this time in negative direction minus 45
because we applied here 90 millimeters
and then we move we did move our main
cylinder to be placed so that the origin
is in the middle of a box so it makes 45
millimeters
as correction value we click on the
apply and say ok and we apply also a
boolean cut to these two shapes remember
to highlight the first shape the base
shape you can call it and then doing a
multi selection by highlighting a shape
which has to be cut off and then you
perform a cut as we change the view mode
you see what we have just done here so
we change the X symmetry you will save
it all and now we have done our first
operations in report workbench of course
I did hear several cut steps one after
each hour to show you how the logic of
these operations works in real life you
could speed up the operation by
inserting the second cube and the three
cylinders by correcting their dimensions
and placements and then you could do a
union of several shapes in this case the
second leox inserted cube and the three
cylinders and then you could do a
boolean cut of the first cube and we
just multi fused shapes it would be a
little bit more efficient in this way
now for the last step of our operations
we want to cut off the corners of this
box of course we could do with by
inserting cubes and making boolean cuts
with the cubes but I'd like to show you
another way for this our way we will
need the part design workbench and since
you want to cut away material you would
normally use my pocket operation in this
case this is not possible because the
pocket operation needs a sketch mapped
to the face of an existing object in
this case we would need a shape in the
middle of a material you could say and
then you would cut away the material and
this is not possible with a pocket
operation in freecad at the moment so we
I have to take another approach we have
to do a solid object and then we could
cut a solid object from the basic box so
I will begin with inserting a sketch in
this time we will use the X Z plane and
I say okay and then I will go I will be
going to use a polyline tool I will draw
free triangles making sure but for
horizontal and vertical lines are
recognized and that I will have a closed
sketch here or by clicking in a way that
I will end up at at the first point of
this triangle here okay
so I will do the next triangle as you
can see on the lower right corner for
cursor will solve or does recognize a
horizontal constraint so I will click
here and I will finish as you can see I
make sure that there is a small point
appearing in the lower right corner at
the cursor so with Auto constraining
coincidence is enabled I will use a
polyline tool once more and I will do
last triangle
okay so now we have all triangles
finished now we have sixteen degrees of
freedom in our sketch and a good way of
constraining is to first set the obvious
geometrical constraints because we will
need less CPU performance when the
dimensional constraints so I can
highlight all of the horizontal and
vertical lines and apply an equality
constraint to them now the next idea is
to apply symmetry to these two points
and then I will also apply symmetry to
these points
and when I will apply symmetry here and
we are left with three degrees of
freedom left applying symmetry here
would over constrain the sketch because
I applied symmetry here and I applied
symmetry here it is a mathematics now
obligatory that this must also be
symmetrical you can try and you will see
when you get a narrow message from a
solver so now I'm going to set a
distance between the origin and this
line the distance should be 56
millimeters and I'm going to apply oops
now the point is highlighted
okay now I have highlighted these two
points and I will apply apply a vertical
distance of 100 millimeters and then I
will apply here a horizontal distance
between these two points of 130
millimeters okay the sketch is now fully
constrained let's close it as you can
see here the sketch has wrong
orientation or to say the wrong
placement so I can also change the
placement of sketches in freecad I will
do that now I highlighted here the
sketch that's okay
and now to change replacement I will
click on the three points and I as you
can see here will have to do a rotation
around the z-axis okay I change to the Z
X oops by applying mental changes which
should be ticked first and change to the
Z X now we are correct and if I say 45
millimeter degrees is the change as you
can see here we move the sketch in the
correct position I click on apply and
say okay
okay the next operation will be to
highlight the sketch and to use the pad
operation we will apply a length of 60
millimeters symmetric to plane this
looks really good
we apply okay and then we will change to
a part workbench
we will highlight cut 0:03
we will press ctrl and keep it pressed
we will also highlight pad and perform
our cut operation this looks really good
and it looks like we want it to be okay
so now for last step of our operation we
change back to a party-line workbench we
create a sketch in VX that line we apply
okay we will draw once more our
triangles and there is a second one okay
horizontal/vertical here we go
well I see I did something wrong so I do
a a right-click in empty space to close
the polyline command and I do multi
selection of these two lines and press
Delete on the keyboard to delete them
you can also if you are wrong with
constraints do a right click on a
constraint and rename or delete it and
you can also highlight it with a left
click and press Delete on the keyboard
to delete it and now I didn't catch up
with the right point here so I will
highlight this point I will press
control to keep it pressed and highlight
this point and apply a coincidence
constraint so that the triangle now is
closed again and I will we select the
polyline tool horizontal/vertical
let's move back to this point here we
are all for triangles now ready so now
we apply our equality constraint
okay we apply our symmetry constraint
here we have also symmetry applied here
and symmetry applied here oh my fault
symmetry we did want okay now we have
three degrees of freedom left so we set
a distance here to be 56 millimeters we
set the vertical distance here to be 100
millimeter more than the 90 millimeter
length of a cube you can drag around the
constraints in 3d space by highlighting
them clicking once more and keep the
left mouse button clicked and then the
oops here we go
you can drag around your constraints in
3d to a position of your liking and we
have okay one degree of freedom left so
we will highlight these two points and
apply a horizontal length of 130
millimeter as you can see I choose 130
millimeter because we need the cross
sectional length of this cube one side
of the cube is 90 millimeters and cross
sectional length would be square root of
2 multiplied with 90 millimeter which
adds up to 120 something millimeters so
I choose 130 millimeter and that's okay
so we closed the sketch the sketch is
still highlighted so now we can change
its placement we take the box to apply
incremental change we change we access
to the z axis and the ink should be
minus 45 degrees as you can see here the
sketch is moving in the right position
we click on apply and okay now we will
do once more pet operation with 60
millimeter symmetrical to plane that is
okay we change back to a part work bench
we highlight the two bodies over two
shapes to be correct and we make our cut
cut operation and that's it the little
ball is complete with this operation we
have reached the end of today's lesson I
hope you enjoyed watching please feel
free to leave any comments and maybe see
you next time in another video bye