Selenium Tutorial 15: Java Abstraction and Encapsulation Video Lecture | Selenium Test Automation:Tutorial for Beginners (English) - Software Testing

selenium class 15 Java abstraction and
encapsulation C Java object-oriented
Java object oriented programming
Seaforth
fundamentals of hoops object oriented
programming system oops
for fundamentals yesterday we discussed
two fundamentals of hoops first one he
inheritance inheritance next
polymorphism polymorphism or today
abstraction third one abstraction next
last one small concept encapsulation
encapsulation say first I am taking
abstraction abstraction
what is abstraction it is a process of
hiding implementation details and
showing only functionality to the user
it is a process of hiding implementation
details and showing only functionality
to the user suppose if we know the
method name but don't know the method
functionality for example we will decide
later if you know the method name but
don't know the method functionality then
we go for abstract methods see first
abstraction it is a process of it is a
process of hiding hiding implementation
details implementation details and
showing and showing only functionality
only functionality to the user user next
in Java abstraction point of view in
Java we have two types of methods forget
about the general classification
built-in methods and user-defined
methods that is general classification
here in this scenario we have two types
of methods in Java see two types two
types of methods in Java one is concrete
methods another is abstract methods
concrete methods means complete methods
abstract method methods means incomplete
methods say first one concrete methods
concrete methods complete methods
methods which are having body the
methods
which are having body example it is not
syntax example suppose public avoid yard
method name open curly braces next close
curly braces and within these curly
braces right bodies statements every
normal statement should end with
semicolon C this is Method body selector
one okay next abstract methods abstract
methods means incomplete methods the
methods which are not having body
abstract methods
the methods which are not having body
example suppose public wide supposed add
open and close curly braces semicolon
next after implementation only we can
use abstract methods concrete methods we
can directly reuse but after implementer
after implementation only we can reuse
our we can use abstract methods economic
concrete methods and abstract methods
what are concrete methods
CEO Tasha concrete methods abstract
methods what are concrete methods those
are the method which you which are
having a body body next and concrete
methods means complete methods next
abstract methods those are the method
that not having anybody not having
anybody okay next observe when we go for
abstract methods say if we know the
method name if we know the method name
but don't know the method functionality
but don't know the method functionality
then we we go for abstract methods then
we go for abstract methods
next java class say optimal we created
so many java classes and executed java
class contains 100% concrete methods c
java class contains 100% concrete
methods concrete methods 100% concrete
methods next abstract class contains one
or more abstract methods abstract class
general class abstract class abstract
class contains one or more one or more
minimum one maximum all one are all or
one or more one or more abstract methods
abstract methods just to one small
example concentrate observe srivalli
suppose example class one class one for
example class one having ten methods
class one having ten methods next ten
methods are our concrete methods
complete methods see ten methods are
complete methods
ten methods are complete or concrete
methods then it is Java class or
abstract class srivalli is it Java class
or abstract class here Java class
it is a Java class next another class
class to suppose class to also having
same ten methods ten or twenty ten
methods in these ten methods five
methods five concrete methods file
concrete methods and remaining five
abstract methods Rajamani is it a Java
class or Java abstract class Java
obstruct was abstract class abstract
class next class three suppose class
three also having ten methods in this
class three all ten methods are abstract
methods all ten methods all ten methods
are abstract abstract methods Kamala
is it Java class or abstract class Java
class means general class class means
hundred-percent concrete methods suppose
some concrete methods some abstract
methods that is abstract class suppose
all abstract methods abstract class only
okay now pretty are following this
concept yes okay I will show an example
concentrate example see example for
abstract class example for abstract
class seek first create a project this
is one time activity suppose ABCD next
create a package package XY
next create a class Java class suppose
class name sample sample one okay in
this sample one class create some
concrete methods and some abstract
methods suppose class name is bike bike
change the compilation unit rename
compilation unit to bike Java okay you
can you can rename class names okay
next create method concrete method
suppose public void handle public void
handle on small message just a minute
say bikes have handle this is one
concrete method next one more method
suppose seed bikes have seeds next
abstract method suppose public void
engine method name piensan semicolon
this is abstract method suggestion
syntax error
what is the session change bike Dottie
Hinson too abstract
abstract suppose in any class one or
more abstract methods are dead then
class also abstract see make type bike
abstract see now no syntax errors and no
suggestions to create one more method
suppose public abstract oiled suppose
wheels say in this abstract class we
have four methods two methods concrete
methods remaining two methods abstract
methods suppose I want to re use these
methods create one more class in this
package suppose Hero Honda finish I
inherit tell me shrivel me how to
inherit a method to extensive would
extends suppose I want to exchange by
class bike okay ah it is showing add
unimplemented methods see whenever you
extend subtract class first we need to
implement the abstract methods then use
otherwise make perfect type this class
has abstract I want to use these methods
yard unimplemented methods see
unimplemented methods suppose
buycks how Ian's on bikes how engine
see override see in the parent class and
the child class same method names see in
the parent class only method declaration
here implementation next I want to use
these methods main method public static
void main string args open curly braces
or tell me mother I want to use methods
from parent class in the parent class to
concrete methods and to abstract methods
i implemented abstract methods in this
child class then i want to use all four
methods how to use first we click create
object not you know how create object
create objected how to create object
class-name here what is the class name
hero honda this is the class name class
name suppose object name obj equal to u
au niveau keyword class name new keyword
class name suppose whoa BJ hero honda
okay next I access the methods ovj HH o
dot at a suppose engine next obj has H
dot seated next
obj h h dot c means you car wheels you
can use all methods are some methods
based on your requirement
you no need to access all methods if i
required you can access otherwise you
can access one or two methods only dot
what is the one more thing hand handle
just a minute remove blank lines is not
syntax error but execution performance
will be reduced run the program absorb
it is providing output all four methods
executed next observe madhuri I want to
execute I want to access these methods
from parent class in the parent class
implementation only for two methods how
to access suppose main method
I will try to create object right ah
just a minute what is that one one more
power on this one more curly braces
suppose bike obj bike equal to new obj
bike answer here
this is bike class name observe error
cannot initiate the type of bike
this is abstract class now in the
abstract class we cannot initiate the
object C cannot initiate the type biker
then how to access these methods observe
Maduri using child class method a sorry
child class object you try say reverse
reusing obj dot not accessing just a
minute OB
Hetch Hetchy dot not access not allowing
in just a minute suppose create object
Hero Honda obj equal to new Hero Honda
next obj dot engine next obj dot wheels
see I am accessing two methods only in
this parent class are on the parent
class see two methods executed from the
child class forum why is it why it is
showing two engines like reveals rivers
right just a minute just a minute this
one run o bikes have engine engine no
message are you a message problem just a
cosmetic defect message problem not
method accessing problem
see engine seat wheels handle okay
next parent class engine wheels Okinawa
doing here in this in this abstract
class how to access methods in main
class or parent class oh we have to how
to create object in child class say here
object name different you can use same
name also no issue see here obj here
obj hedge hedge but class same why we
are using child class name in this
parent class in the child class only we
implemented abstract methods okay now
Kamala
confusion see this is abstract class net
reuse change class pretty are you
following sir he was kosher just a
minute who is asking
yo ye Osceola asked me in parent class
we have concrete methods right sir
yes can Henry acid so we can't access
concrete methods in the parent Ian no we
cannot access concrete methods also
without completion of all abstract
methods implementation we cannot access
concrete methods also see just a minute
this is abstract class abstract class
next this one is child class or subclass
okay next say one more concept interface
interface say most of the time we use
Java classes only why I am discussing
interface interfaces 100% abstract
interfaces are 100% abstract and our
main selenium tool selenium webdriver
also interface Reb driver doesn't have
ID only programming interface interfaces
before that general concept observed
rahman selenium IDE has user interface
are written say integrated integrated
development environment integrated
development environment say we didn't
discuss selenium IDE just absorb
selenium ID has in user interface a
menos and menu items you can use menus
and menu items next selenium webdriver
selenium webdriver is a programming
interface not user interface is a
programming interface absorb module find
the difference between these two
selenium IDE and selenium webdriver
Kamala
swivelling guten C selenium webdriver
has
selenium web driver has programming
interface no menos no menu items in
selenium webdriver but selenium or
selenium IDE has a few great user
interface menus and menu items available
suppose if you want to generate a test
case in selenium IDE you can select
record feature record and playback
commands our playback command also
available suppose without recording also
if you want to generate test cases you
can if you know the syntax you can type
test steps in selenium IDE otherwise you
can use selenium recording feature C
selenium IDE has integrated development
environment gnash selenium webdriver
doesn't have any IDE no menno's no menu
items for each and everything we need to
write the code for C it provides editor
and some commands commands webdriver
commands are methods for each and
everything we need to write the code for
example I want to recognize one web
element link is there in Google home
page Gmail link first I want to
recognize Gmail link then perform
operation on it operation means click
for recognizing the object as well as
performing operation on the table jecht
we need to use we need to write the code
but in selenium IDE you can just a
record then it will generate
corresponding test step any confusion
moderate user interface our IDE versus
programming interface
mouse' next for example questions are
tell me which one is superior side
selenium-webdriver is superior
oh thank you say selenium IDE has user
friendly environment but so many
limitations but selenium webdriver
does not have any limitations
limitations are very less yeah
compared to idea compared to I received
whenever you take user friendly
environment are ready-made environment
so many limitations for example you take
C language and VB language nowadays
vb.net C language VB language see also
programming language VB also programming
language v the script is different VB
script is lightweight version of VB
forget about every script compare C
language VB language see also
programming language VB also programming
language which one is easy to create
programs
ramallah c c language easy rvb is easy
VP his easy sir why VB has IDE built-in
tools suppose you want if you are
suppose as a developer if you want to
create one button button tools are
buttons available you can drag and drop
it box drag and drop radio button drag
and drop for functionality only you can
write the code but in C language note
built-in tools available for each and
everything you need to write the core
she language difficult than VB but which
one is powerful C language or vb e table
itself huh
c language is for yes C language is
powerful why you can create any type of
object you can write any type of
functionality but we be limitations
ready-made environments have limitations
in the same way selenium
IDE has so many limitations okay next
competitor to U of T formerly qtp qtp
has pretty qtp has user interface or
programming interface it is having
booths booth CQ e FD has both ide as
well as programming interface suppose if
you want to generate it test in U of T
using recording feature you can generate
otherwise you can type test script in
the EFT Tooley editor suppose if you
want to insert verification points in e
of T for that you can use U of T
checkpoints are you can insert VB script
conditional statements okay but if P has
both ID as well as programming interface
now you tell me kamala which one is
powerfully FTR selenium-webdriver forget
about selenium ide that is prototype 2
simple cool selenium webdriver are ft
altitude web traverses why it has both
na you have to has both ie de as well as
programming interface okay selenium
webdriver only programming interface
okay we are using programming interface
we can do anything but which were less
powerful way of TR selenium since shell
enemies of open source tool okay say we
cannot say he can't say why you have to
has some advantages it has ID as well as
programming interface you can use toon
feature subscript T features but
selenium in selenium webdriver no tool
features no built-in result
voting facility no other tool features
only programming interface but it has
some advantages over UFT for example
woken source one advantage next
cross-platform of it supports Windows
Macintosh UNIX excetera cross-platform
on advantage it supports different
programming languages for enhancing test
cases but your court approval what a
good roger said it supports all kinds of
those I serve only which one webdriver
web browser supports six browsers for
five to six browsers right now are
leading all leading browsers Google
Chrome Mozilla Firefox Internet Explorer
Safari Opera etcetera okay say just find
the difference between interface and I
IDE
next Java interfaces actually in our
test automation we use Java classes only
but our selenium webdriver is interface
that's why I am explaining this concept
you no need to focus more on this
concept just know the concept Java
interfaces interface is a Java type
definition block which is 100% of track
C ja interface say oh I don't get that
the answer of water which tool is more
powerful music is a beautiful we cannot
say answer is we can't say ok say
selenium webdriver having some
advantages G of T having another
advantages over selenium webdriver
so we cannot say okay think is welcome
interface is a Java Java type definition
Java type definition block say
absorbedly for some question so three
answers nah yes no we can't say like
like it is here also same we can't say
no yes or no answers why selenium
webdriver having some advantages does he
ugly after having some advantages over
selenium webdriver also you tell me one
advantage of C of T over selenium
webdriver for advantage advantage of e
of T over selenium webdriver
in case of functional test automation it
has built-in result reporting facility
but selenium webdriver does not have
built-in result reporting facility it
provides summary only for test execution
isn't it next one more thing already we
discussed this concept selenium versus U
of T and one more thing
U of T since it is a render tool
reliable technical support from and and
odd but selenium webdriver no reliable
technical support okay now now you tell
me pretty advantages of selenium
webdriver over a of T advantages of
selenium webdriver over a of T tune
Wareham selenium is open source so we
can download very easily open source you
forget about easy or difficult it is
open source we can download and use with
free of cost
no license cost that is one advantage
anyone any other advantages just tell me
one more advantage
the code is available online so we can
easily access know where available code
you need to write the code some help
available health for G of T also some
help forums available you can you tell
me a Rajamani one more advantage of
selenium webdriver or EFT tool selenium
whatever support various environment
like windows making noise operating any
grommets as he of the supports were
those micro hindrance okay okay
curtain you come to mainstream interface
is a java type definition block which is
hundred percent abstract which is 100
percent abstract for us what about java
abstract classes kamala interface Java
interface is undred percent abstract no
concrete methods all are abstract
methods only but what about abstract
class not 100 percent I suppose if it is
under percent then what is any problem
no problem sir then one are more
abstract methods in Java and abstract
class find the difference in abstract
class see in these in these two areas
abstraction is there the our classes and
the Java interfaces but Java abstract
class Turner one or more of extra
minimum one abstract method maximum all
methods all methods if it is interface
all yes hundred percent abstract methods
which is hundred percent abstract okay
next
all the interface methods are by default
public and abstract see all the
interface all the interface methods by
default by default public and abstract
abdur-rahman by default public means no
private or other modifiers for methods
in our interfaces next static and final
modifiers are not allowed for interface
methods static and final static and
final modifiers are not allowed or not
allowed for interface methods see next
point in interface variables have to
initialize at the time of declaration
see in interfaces variables variables
how to initialize initialize at the time
of declaration at the time of
declaration example observe observe
Tasha what I told in interfaces
variables how to initialize at the time
of declaration if it is class after
declaration also you can initialize are
at the time of declaration also you can
initialize observe the example end ei is
it correct or incorrect in interfaces
wrong sir just a minute
Tasha in TA is it correct declaration
arc is it correct usage or incorrect
usage oh sure why what I told what I
told in interfaces variables how to
initialize at the time of declaration
here we initialize this variable or not
know just declared just a declare no I
didn't I didn't initialize any value so
is it a correct usage or incorrect usage
incorrect incorrect incorrect if it is
class correct usage only next suppose in
ta equal to 1000 the next next step is
it correct or incorrect the skrillex's
character C correct correct usage
observed next point in interfaces
variables are public static final by
default public static means class level
final final means
Madhavi final means
constant constant fixative value we
cannot change the value later see in
interfaces variables variables are
public static public no private static
no instance only class level and final
by default next interface is going to be
used using implements keyword suppose
class we used a extends keyword for
interfaces implements keyword same
interfaces interface is going to going
to be used using implements keyword
implements we can reuse but using
implements keyword not extends keyword
okay I will show an example concentrate
example for interface example for Java
interface
see same hierarchy Java project package
under package you can create classes or
interfaces classes under interfaces
see new interface suppose the interface
one finish see this is the interface not
class but writing interface is similar
to classes writing code in interface
similar to class but class is different
interface is different okay here under
the percentage abstract methods not say
public void engine next public void
wheels next public
void seed next public void handle okay
say next I want to I want to reuse these
are in completed methods abstract
methods before accessing these methods
first we need to implement next I want
to implement I want to reuse C reuse
methods reuse methods from interface
interface to class interface to class
create a class in this package class
suppose class neo
or reuse a reuse ramen influence keyword
implements implements interface name
interface one for interface one okay say
sessions he had unimplemented methods
are make type class new as abstract I do
not want to make abstract I want to
access so he had unemployment air
methods first the implement then use
just a minute
implement then use just a minute bugs
have engine any meaningful code
questions are is it mandatory to use at
the rate of override code that is
annotation for riding this will check
that one why it is for writing who is
asking this question sinner Krishna tell
me why war light in the pair and it has
changed the same method name available
nam yes that's why we overwrite okay
we'll check that one just write that
override is annotation
suppose I want to access these methods
accessing methods from interface to
class a writer main method public static
void main string args open curly braces
okay next I'll create object what is the
class name class new class new of obj
equal to new clothes new next to access
methods obj dot said next obj dot wheels
natural ah I can be changed the messages
yes you can change I access I will
change you mentioned every video I will
change ok no ok dot for example seat
engine engine next obj dot handle okay
change the messages engine wheels
handle run the program say bikes have
seats wheels engine handle Christmas
chaithanya schooner remove overwrite an
issue Krishna Chaitanya no it is only
for user friendliness it is showing the
method is overriding same method name
available in parent class but in parent
class only method definition only method
declaration here implementations you
know if you use the to override run okay
now nashit madhavi's I want to I want to
access these methods in interface
interface Madhuri how do we access
methods okay already we implemented
methods in this child class the child
class we implemented ah class you ah
just a minute interface first main
method
just a minute you can copy main method
here you create object in interfaces we
cannot create object using the child
class relation is there not what is the
problem
interface okay create object create
object pretty create object in this
interface we have to give this last name
ah well say this class related class now
he is relation between interface and the
class parent-child relation is there use
this class nu plus mu plus nu suppose
the obj X equal to nu nu last good class
new
sensitive next obj X dot suppose engine
obj X dot suppose wheels this time acts
in two methods only you can access all
methods nope no issue run the interface
say bikes have engine bikes have wheels
run the subclass see four methods how
can i mother be any confusion see first
create create an interface create an
interface and I have a question ah
if interface and class they were in
different package then we can't access
rain different package here we are using
this phenom implements key or not you
can access if it is in different path
yes different package of yesterday we
access at a class to class using extends
now class I fly interface to class using
implements keyboard you can access you
can access next second one this one
we use methods from interface to class
okay interface to class next observe
from class class to class we use extends
keyword from class interface to class
just a minute note from class class to
class we use extends extends keyword
next from interface interface to class
we use implements keyword
what about from interface to interfaces
interface to interface module kamala any
idea interface to interface that is
invalid si class to class
here is our concrete class our abstract
class class to class interface to Class
C class to class earlier we used
abstract this terminated just a minute
here parent class abstract now just a
minute here from class to class here
either concrete class concrete class or
abstract class concrete class our
abstract class no interface to interface
that is invalid okay next on small
concept encapsulation a encapsulation
small concept what is the encapsulation
it is a process of wrapping code and
data into a single unit actually in our
test automation we do not use we never
use this encapsulation actually it is
developers concern okay just I will
explain I explain the concept with
example simple small concept
it is a process of wrapping code and
data into a single unit encapsulation is
the technique making the fields in a
class private and providing access way
of public methods means using
encapsulation we can access private
fields also private fields also
advantages it provides us control over
the data it provides us control over the
data observed it is a process of it is a
process of wrapping wrapping code and
data into a single unit see general
example capsule mixer of several
medicines next a encapsulation
encapsulation is the technique
encapsulation is the technique making
the fields in a class private making the
fields in a class private security point
of view and providing
access and providing access via public
methods public methods advantages it
provides control over the data next by
providing setter and getter methods we
can make a class read only or write only
by providing setter and getter methods
we can make a class read only or write
only
also on small example concentrate create
a class suppose class 1 class 1a create
a variable suppose string type private
spring string name for example name
equal to test automation semicolon next
alright get get method greater method C
public string get name this is just
method name return name
Retin name just a minute main method
I want to access this one how to access
suppose see this is same class you can
access private fields class one obj
equal to new class one obj dot get name
run it is not
get a name just a setter method also
required the same class obj or get name
without set also you can access this is
run ship test automation private field
but in the same class no issue suppose
from another class class to class to
suppose class to obj to equal to new obj
a new class to just a minute
obj2 dot here we need to reuse inherit
extents class 1
observe Krishna Chaitanya observe Rhonda
program say we are accessing that string
name from parent class the string is 5/8
feel now
yes sir using get method we are
accessing that private field suppose if
you want to set a new value set new
value just a minute
right setter method public
of public string public wide get a set
name set name string put north string
new name
this is setter method above Anna's
getter method suppose name equal to new
name suppose if you want to set local
value obj dot obj to obj to dot set name
suppose selenium I want to set new value
now it is executing selenium this time
Kamala
what is the output
selenium selenium selenium start
emission test automation see we are not
setting the value only getting the value
suppose for example read only run test
automation from this private field five
eight we are accessing private fields
using getter method suppose if you want
to set new value you can use setter
method say simple one of C main object
of this encapsulation we can access
private fields via public methods see
this is about encapsulation just a
minute
see these comes these Java concepts are
sufficient for our test automation say
ah tell me pretty the gate name and set
name those are the user-defined methods
right yes absolutely those are different
methods only okay thank you see these
are the important concepts for our test
automation java concepts for our test
automation tomorrow onwards we will
discuss selenium webdriver just last two
minutes recap this one in this Java ah
can we use other than get name can be
used other name as method name other
than get name other than get name it is
not friction ah actually these are not
reserved I think not resurrected
you can access nah say just a coding
standard get set
those are coding standards you can use
XYZ durability no issue but this other
terminology is this is settle this is
getter method first one is getter method
next is setter method that is
terminology you can use your own names
observe rahman just recap java for
selenium we discussed the requests
required concepts these concepts are
sufficient for our test automation
tomorrow onwards we will discuss
selenium webdriver just a recap C for
Java for selenium core Java easy enough
we divided our core Java concept into
two categories a Java fundamentals next
Java object oriented programming system
concepts just tell me tell me the
headlines what we discussed it we
discuss the our program structure okay
that is not concept cooking suppose
first we discussed it America a
destitute I say Java environment setup
Java environment setup that is not Java
concept that is prerequisite of concepts
till continue or ramen concepts
comments yes comments in Java data types
next data types then we discussed
whichever variables variables first are
modifiers faster if is was okay modifier
sequence maintain the sequence modifiers
first why we use modifiers in variables
also okay modifier here we discussed the
v-j ax we discussed two types of
modifiers what are the two types of
modifiers just names that says modifiers
and non existent fire good next continue
vidya you continue variables in general
yes variables we have three variables
local variables static variables and
instance variables next operators
operators in Java ah match flow control
statements
flow control two types of basically two
types what are the two types condition
conditional statements in which
statements forum conditional condition
statements and loop statements good just
a minute
conditional statements next loop
statements are next a nice arrays in
Java okay
arrays each other methods string
handling
string handling in Java continued Vidia
regular expressions regular expressions
we didn't discuss string handling next I
you operations we discussed now
input/output operations method sir just
a minute methods later i/o operations
and a file handling continue visa
methods we discussed Nam Jonathan so
types of methods we discussed one is
well still methods and user different
yes Belton methods next user-defined
methods user-defined methods next
match a function exception handling
yes exception exception handling I think
these are the concepts just a minute
the Java fundamentals before this we
discussed Oh Java environment setup
prerequisite Java environment set up
next Java program structure program
structure okay ah next Java whoops
continue with yeah whoops concepts for
for a middle class also what are the
four fundamentals inheritance
polymorphism exception and or change
inheritance sequence his first one
naturally Multan polymorphism extraction
next today we discuss the abstraction
encapsulation next encapsulation
okay see next we will focus on
selenium-webdriver
I am going to close the session any
queries Rajamani Rajamani no quiz frame
thank you
Teixeira I mean Teixeira mean oh isn't
good ok
pretty pretty and good sir thinking
looks cool welcome our Madhuri