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Urbanisation in Colonial India Video Lecture | History CUET Preparation - Humanities/Arts

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1. What were the main factors contributing to urbanisation in colonial India?
Ans. Urbanisation in colonial India was primarily influenced by factors such as British industrialization, commercialization of agriculture, improved transportation and communication networks, and the establishment of administrative centers. These factors led to the growth of cities and towns, attracting a large population seeking employment opportunities and better living conditions.
2. How did urbanisation impact the social structure in colonial India?
Ans. Urbanisation in colonial India brought significant changes to the social structure. It created new social classes, such as the emerging middle class and working class, who played vital roles in the urban economy. The traditional social hierarchy based on caste and religion was challenged as people from diverse backgrounds started living in close proximity. However, social inequalities and discrimination persisted, with certain groups facing marginalization and exploitation in urban areas.
3. What were the challenges faced by urban areas in colonial India?
Ans. Urban areas in colonial India faced various challenges. Rapid urbanisation led to inadequate housing, sanitation, and healthcare facilities, resulting in overcrowding and the spread of diseases. The increase in population also strained the existing infrastructure, including water supply and transportation systems. Additionally, the concentration of wealth and economic opportunities in urban areas further widened the gap between the rich and poor, leading to social unrest.
4. How did urbanisation impact the economy of colonial India?
Ans. Urbanisation had a significant impact on the economy of colonial India. The growth of cities and towns created new employment opportunities, especially in industries and trade. Urban areas became centers of commerce, attracting merchants, businessmen, and skilled workers. The influx of people to urban areas also stimulated demand for goods and services, leading to the expansion of markets. However, urbanisation also resulted in the exploitation of labor and the concentration of wealth in the hands of a few.
5. How did urbanisation influence the cultural landscape of colonial India?
Ans. Urbanisation in colonial India brought about changes in the cultural landscape. Cities became melting pots of various cultures, languages, and traditions, leading to the emergence of a cosmopolitan society. The exchange of ideas and the presence of diverse communities contributed to the growth of literature, art, and intellectual movements. However, urbanisation also led to the erosion of traditional cultural practices and the adoption of Western lifestyles among the urban population.
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