Electrical Engineering (EE) Exam > Electrical Engineering (EE) Videos > Analog and Digital Electronics > Conductivity of a Semiconductor
Conductivity of a Semiconductor Video Lecture | Analog and Digital Electronics - Electrical Engineering (EE)
FAQs on Conductivity of a Semiconductor Video Lecture - Analog and Digital Electronics - Electrical Engineering (EE)
| 1. What is conductivity in semiconductors? |  |
Ans. Conductivity in semiconductors refers to the ability of a semiconductor material to conduct electric current. It is a measure of how easily electrons can move through the material. Semiconductors have intermediate conductivity between conductors (such as metals) and insulators, making them suitable for applications in electronic devices.
| 2. How is conductivity measured in semiconductors? | |
Ans. Conductivity in semiconductors is typically measured using a four-point probe technique. This method involves placing four probes on the surface of the semiconductor material, applying a small known current through the outer probes, and measuring the voltage drop across the inner probes. From the measured voltage and current values, the conductivity of the semiconductor can be calculated using Ohm's law.
| 3. What factors affect the conductivity of semiconductors? | |
Ans. Several factors can influence the conductivity of semiconductors. The most significant factors include temperature, doping concentration, and bandgap energy. Higher temperatures generally increase conductivity as more electrons gain sufficient energy to move freely. Doping refers to the intentional addition of impurities to semiconductor material, which alters its conductivity by creating either excess electrons (n-type) or electron vacancies (p-type). Bandgap energy, which determines the energy required for electrons to move between energy bands, also affects conductivity.
| 4. How does intrinsic and extrinsic conductivity differ in semiconductors? | |
Ans. Intrinsic conductivity refers to the natural conductivity of pure or undoped semiconductors at a specific temperature. It arises from the thermal excitation of electrons from the valence band to the conduction band. Extrinsic conductivity, on the other hand, is achieved by intentionally doping the semiconductor material with impurities to increase its conductivity. Doping introduces additional charge carriers, either by providing excess electrons (n-type doping) or creating electron vacancies (p-type doping), thus altering the conductivity of the semiconductor.
| 5. Can the conductivity of a semiconductor be controlled? | |
Ans. Yes, the conductivity of a semiconductor can be controlled by several means. One way is through doping, as mentioned earlier. By selectively doping specific regions of a semiconductor material, different conductivity types (n-type or p-type) can be achieved, allowing for the creation of various electronic devices. Additionally, the conductivity of a semiconductor can be modified by applying an external electric field or by altering the temperature. These methods provide ways to manipulate the movement of charge carriers within the semiconductor and, consequently, control its conductivity.
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