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Dipole induced dipole force - States of Matter Video Lecture - Class 11

FAQs on Dipole induced dipole force - States of Matter Video Lecture - Class 11

1. What is a dipole induced dipole force?
Ans. A dipole induced dipole force is a type of intermolecular force that occurs between a polar molecule and a nonpolar molecule. It happens when the electron cloud of a nonpolar molecule is temporarily distorted by the electric field of a nearby polar molecule. This induced dipole creates a temporary attractive force between the two molecules.
2. How does a dipole induced dipole force affect the states of matter?
Ans. A dipole induced dipole force can affect the states of matter by increasing the boiling and melting points of substances. The presence of these intermolecular forces makes it harder for molecules to break away from each other, resulting in stronger attractive forces between molecules. As a result, substances with dipole induced dipole forces are more likely to exist as liquids or solids at room temperature.
3. What are some examples of substances that exhibit dipole induced dipole forces?
Ans. Some examples of substances that exhibit dipole induced dipole forces include the interaction between water (a polar molecule) and carbon dioxide (a nonpolar molecule). The oxygen atom in water is slightly negatively charged, inducing a temporary dipole in the carbon dioxide molecule. Another example is the interaction between ammonia (a polar molecule) and hydrogen chloride (a nonpolar molecule).
4. How do dipole induced dipole forces differ from other intermolecular forces?
Ans. Dipole induced dipole forces differ from other intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding or London dispersion forces, in terms of their strength and nature. Dipole induced dipole forces are generally weaker than hydrogen bonding but stronger than London dispersion forces. They occur specifically between polar and nonpolar molecules, whereas hydrogen bonding occurs between molecules with hydrogen atoms bonded to highly electronegative atoms (such as oxygen or nitrogen).
5. Can dipole induced dipole forces be broken?
Ans. Yes, dipole induced dipole forces can be broken. These forces are temporary and exist only when polar and nonpolar molecules are in close proximity. If the distance between the molecules increases or if the orientation of the polar molecule changes, the dipole induced dipole force weakens and eventually breaks.
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