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Digestion & Absorption (Old NCERT) Video Lecture | Crash Course for NEET
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FAQs on Digestion & Absorption (Old NCERT) Video Lecture - Crash Course for NEET
| 1. What is the process of digestion? |  |
Ans. Digestion is the process by which the body breaks down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used for energy. It involves mechanical and chemical processes, starting from the mouth where food is chewed and mixed with saliva, then moving through the esophagus into the stomach, where it is mixed with stomach acid and enzymes. From the stomach, the partially digested food enters the small intestine, where further digestion occurs with the help of enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing the nutrients from the digested food into the bloodstream.
| 2. What are the main organs involved in digestion and absorption? | |
Ans. The main organs involved in digestion and absorption are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. In the mouth, food is mechanically broken down by chewing and mixed with saliva. The esophagus is responsible for transporting the food from the mouth to the stomach. In the stomach, the food is mixed with stomach acid and enzymes to break it down further. The small intestine is where most of the digestion and absorption take place. Finally, the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food, forming feces.
| 3. How is food absorbed in the small intestine? | |
Ans. In the small intestine, the inner walls are lined with tiny finger-like projections called villi, which greatly increase the surface area available for absorption. The villi are covered in microvilli, further increasing the surface area. Nutrients from the digested food pass through the cells lining the small intestine and are absorbed into the bloodstream. This absorption is facilitated by specialized transporters that allow the passage of nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids into the bloodstream.
| 4. What is the role of enzymes in digestion? | |
Ans. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in chemical reactions. In digestion, enzymes play a crucial role in breaking down complex molecules into simpler ones that can be absorbed by the body. For example, amylase assists in the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteases break down proteins, and lipases break down fats. These enzymes are produced by various organs such as the salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine. Each enzyme is specific to its substrate and helps to speed up the digestion process.
| 5. How does the liver contribute to digestion and absorption? | |
Ans. The liver plays a vital role in digestion and absorption. It produces bile, a substance that is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine. Bile helps in the emulsification and breakdown of fats into smaller droplets, making it easier for lipases to digest them. Additionally, the liver processes and metabolizes nutrients absorbed from the small intestine, converting them into usable forms or storing them for later use. It also detoxifies harmful substances and produces important proteins necessary for blood clotting and other bodily functions.
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Nov 13, 2024 Last updated |
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