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Resolving power of optical instruments - Wave Optics Video Lecture - Class 12

FAQs on Resolving power of optical instruments - Wave Optics Video Lecture - Class 12

1. What is the concept of resolving power in optical instruments?
Ans. Resolving power refers to the ability of an optical instrument, such as a microscope or a telescope, to distinguish between two closely spaced objects or details. It is a measure of the instrument's ability to produce clear and sharp images. A higher resolving power indicates a better ability to distinguish fine details.
2. How is the resolving power of an optical instrument determined?
Ans. The resolving power of an optical instrument is determined by the wavelength of light used and the diameter of the objective lens or aperture. The resolving power is directly proportional to the wavelength and inversely proportional to the diameter of the lens or aperture. Therefore, shorter wavelength and larger diameter result in higher resolving power.
3. What is the significance of resolving power in practical applications of optical instruments?
Ans. The resolving power of optical instruments plays a crucial role in various practical applications. For example, in microscopes, a high resolving power allows scientists to observe and study tiny structures and organisms with more clarity and detail. In telescopes, resolving power enables astronomers to view distant celestial objects with greater precision and distinguish between closely spaced stars or galaxies.
4. How does wave optics explain the concept of resolving power in optical instruments?
Ans. Wave optics explains resolving power by considering the phenomenon of diffraction. When light passes through a small aperture or encounters an object with fine details, it diffracts and spreads out. This diffraction limits the ability of an optical instrument to distinguish between closely spaced objects. The resolution is determined by the angle of diffraction, which in turn depends on the wavelength of light and the size of the aperture or lens.
5. Can the resolving power of an optical instrument be improved?
Ans. Yes, the resolving power of an optical instrument can be improved by using shorter wavelength light or increasing the diameter of the objective lens or aperture. By using light with a shorter wavelength, such as ultraviolet or X-rays, the diffraction effects are reduced, leading to higher resolving power. Similarly, increasing the diameter of the lens or aperture allows more light to pass through, resulting in improved resolution. However, there are practical limits to improving resolving power due to technological constraints.
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