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Short Tricks: Breathing & Exchange of Gases Video Lecture | Biology Class 11 - NEET

FAQs on Short Tricks: Breathing & Exchange of Gases Video Lecture - Biology Class 11 - NEET

1. What is the process of breathing?

Ans. Breathing is the process of inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide. It involves the movement of air into and out of the lungs through the respiratory system. During inhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, expanding the chest cavity and creating negative pressure. This causes air to rush into the lungs. During exhalation, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, reducing the chest cavity's size and forcing air out of the lungs.

2. How does oxygen exchange occur in the lungs?

Ans. Oxygen exchange in the lungs occurs through a process called diffusion. When we inhale, oxygen-rich air enters the alveoli, which are small air sacs in the lungs. These alveoli are surrounded by tiny blood vessels called capillaries. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the capillaries, where it binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste product, diffuses from the capillaries into the alveoli to be exhaled.

3. What is the role of hemoglobin in the exchange of gases?

Ans. Hemoglobin is a protein present in red blood cells that plays a crucial role in the exchange of gases. It has a high affinity for oxygen, allowing it to bind to oxygen molecules in the lungs. When oxygen-rich blood reaches body tissues, hemoglobin releases oxygen, and it diffuses into the cells. Hemoglobin also helps in transporting carbon dioxide produced by the cells to the lungs, where it can be exhaled.

4. How does the respiratory system adapt during exercise?

Ans. During exercise, the respiratory system undergoes several adaptations to meet the increased oxygen demand. The rate and depth of breathing increase, allowing for a higher intake of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide. This is achieved by the stimulation of respiratory centers in the brain, which send signals to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles to work harder. Additionally, the blood vessels in the lungs dilate, improving blood flow and oxygen exchange.

5. What are some common respiratory disorders?

Ans. There are several common respiratory disorders that can affect the breathing and exchange of gases. These include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, and bronchitis. Asthma is characterized by inflammation and constriction of the airways, leading to difficulty in breathing. COPD is a progressive lung disease that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation in the air sacs of the lungs. Bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs.

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Sep 27, 2025 Last updated

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