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Basics of Organic Chemistry (with NCERT Examples) Video Lecture | Chemistry Class 11 - NEET

FAQs on Basics of Organic Chemistry (with NCERT Examples) Video Lecture - Chemistry Class 11 - NEET

1. What is organic chemistry and why is it important?
Ans. Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and synthesis of carbon-containing compounds. It is important because organic compounds are the basis of all living organisms and are crucial in the production of pharmaceuticals, plastics, fuels, and many other materials that are essential for modern life.
2. What are the basic functional groups in organic chemistry?
Ans. The basic functional groups in organic chemistry include hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (C=O), carboxyl (-COOH), amino (-NH2), and ester (-COOR). Each functional group has distinct chemical properties and reactivity, which play a crucial role in determining the behavior of organic molecules.
3. How do structural isomers differ from stereoisomers?
Ans. Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different connectivity of their atoms, leading to different structural representations. Stereoisomers, on the other hand, have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms. This can result in different physical and chemical properties.
4. What are some common reactions of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes?
Ans. Alkanes generally undergo substitution reactions, such as halogenation. Alkenes are known for addition reactions, such as hydrogenation and halogenation. Alkynes can also undergo addition reactions, but they can participate in reactions like oxidative cleavage or polymerization, showcasing their reactivity due to the presence of multiple bonds.
5. How do you name organic compounds according to IUPAC nomenclature?
Ans. The IUPAC nomenclature system for naming organic compounds involves identifying the longest carbon chain as the parent hydrocarbon, numbering the carbon atoms to give the substituents the lowest possible numbers, and naming the substituents along with their positions. The names are then combined to give a complete name that indicates the structure of the compound clearly.
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