What is Ecological Systems Theory? Video Lecture | Child Development and Pedagogy for CTET Preparation - CTET & State TET

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1. What is Ecological Systems Theory?
Ans. Ecological Systems Theory is a psychological theory developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner that focuses on how individuals interact with their environment. It suggests that a person's development is influenced by various systems, including the microsystem (immediate environment), mesosystem (connections between different microsystems), exosystem (indirect influences), macrosystem (cultural values and beliefs), and chronosystem (changes and transitions over time).
2. How does Ecological Systems Theory explain human development?
Ans. Ecological Systems Theory explains human development by emphasizing the role of the environment in shaping individuals. It suggests that development occurs through the interactions between different systems. For example, a child's development is influenced by their interactions with family members (microsystem), school (mesosystem), community (exosystem), cultural values (macrosystem), and the changes that occur over time (chronosystem). The theory highlights the importance of considering multiple environmental factors when studying human development.
3. What are some examples of the different systems in Ecological Systems Theory?
Ans. Examples of the different systems in Ecological Systems Theory include the microsystem, which consists of immediate relationships and activities such as family, peers, and school. The mesosystem involves the connections between different microsystems, such as the interaction between family and school. The exosystem includes indirect influences, such as parents' workplace policies impacting the child's development. The macrosystem refers to cultural values, beliefs, and laws that shape a person's development. The chronosystem takes into account changes and transitions that occur over time, such as divorce or moving to a new city.
4. How does Ecological Systems Theory differ from other psychological theories?
Ans. Ecological Systems Theory differs from other psychological theories by emphasizing the importance of the environment in human development. While some theories focus solely on individual characteristics or biological factors, Ecological Systems Theory recognizes that development is influenced by multiple systems and their interactions. It takes into account the context in which development occurs and highlights the bidirectional nature of the relationship between individuals and their environment.
5. How can Ecological Systems Theory be applied in practice?
Ans. Ecological Systems Theory can be applied in practice by considering the different systems that influence an individual's development. For example, in education, teachers can take into account a student's family background, peer relationships, and community support when designing interventions or providing support. Understanding the various systems can help professionals identify potential sources of influence or challenges that may impact an individual's development. It also encourages collaboration between different systems, such as schools, families, and communities, to create a supportive environment for individuals.
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