Russian Revolution Video Lecture | Social Studies (SST) Class 9

0:0:0: imagine living in a country where your
0:0:2: life is constantly filled with fear
0:0:4: poverty and Injustice
0:0:7: where the ruling class enjoys all the
0:0:10: luxuries of Life while the majority of
0:0:12: the population struggles to make ends
0:0:14: meet
0:0:15: where speaking your mind or standing up
0:0:18: for your rights can get you thrown in
0:0:20: jail or worse
0:0:22: this was the reality for the people of
0:0:24: Russia in the early 20th century
0:0:28: but in the midst of all the chaos and
0:0:30: despair a spark was lit that ignited a
0:0:34: revolution and changed the course of
0:0:36: history forever
0:0:38: in this video we will cover the second
0:0:40: part of the chapter socialism in Europe
0:0:43: and the Russian Revolution
0:0:45: we have already understood the age of
0:0:48: social change in the previous video
0:0:51: so let's get started with the story of
0:0:54: the Russian Revolution A Tale Of Courage
0:0:56: determination and the power of the
0:0:58: people to demand a better future
0:1:1: to study this Russian Revolution we've
0:1:4: divided this video into the following
0:1:6: events for your understanding first the
0:1:9: Russian Empire in 1914 or the
0:1:12: composition of the empire
0:1:14: second economy and Society or how was
0:1:18: structure of Russian Society
0:1:20: third socialism in Russia or the spread
0:1:24: of a fair and equal Society
0:1:26: fourth a turbulent time the 1905
0:1:30: Revolution or the spark of hope for a
0:1:33: new era
0:1:34: fifth the first world war and the
0:1:37: Russian Empire or an end to the Russian
0:1:39: Empire
0:1:41: with that in mind let's move to the
0:1:43: first topic the Russian Empire in 1914.
0:1:48: but before we dive into the details of
0:1:50: the Revolution let's take a moment to
0:1:52: understand what the Russian Empire
0:1:54: looked like in 1914.
0:1:57: in 1914 Tsar Nicholas II ruled Russia
0:2:1: and its Empire
0:2:2: but did you know that the Russian Empire
0:2:5: was not just limited to Russia
0:2:8: it included current day Finland
0:2:10: Lithuania and Estonia parts of Poland
0:2:13: Ukraine and Belarus
0:2:16: it even stretched all the way to the
0:2:18: Pacific and comprised today's Central
0:2:20: Asian States as well as Georgia Armenia
0:2:23: and Azerbaijan
0:2:25: and what about the religion of the
0:2:28: empire
0:2:28: the majority of the population followed
0:2:31: Russian Orthodox Christianity which had
0:2:34: grown out of the Greek Orthodox Church
0:2:37: the Empire also included Catholics
0:2:40: Protestants Muslims and Buddhists
0:2:43: the Russian Empire was a diverse and
0:2:46: complex place and it set the stage for
0:2:48: the events that eventually led to the
0:2:51: Russian Revolution
0:2:52: let us now explore the second topic that
0:2:55: is economy and Society
0:2:58: as the sun rose on the vast expanses of
0:3:1: Russia at the beginning of the 20th
0:3:3: century the majority of its people were
0:3:5: working as farmers and only a few areas
0:3:8: had factories
0:3:10: however things were changing with the
0:3:13: expansion of the Railway Network in 1890
0:3:16: and foreign investment the number of
0:3:19: factories increased and many people
0:3:21: moved from the countryside to work in
0:3:23: these factories
0:3:25: coal production doubled an Iron and
0:3:28: Steel output quadrupled but there was a
0:3:31: problem most of the factories were owned
0:3:34: by wealthy industrialists who paid their
0:3:37: workers low wages and gave them long
0:3:39: working hours
0:3:41: this created a divide between the
0:3:43: workers and their employers
0:3:46: women workers made up 31 of the factory
0:3:49: labor force by 1914 were paid even less
0:3:52: than men which was unfair
0:3:55: despite these divisions workers
0:3:57: sometimes United to fight for their
0:3:59: rights and they went on strikes to
0:4:2: protest against their unfair treatment
0:4:5: in the countryside peasants worked hard
0:4:7: to cultivate most of the land but they
0:4:10: had to share their hard-earned Harvest
0:4:12: with the nobility the crown and the
0:4:14: Orthodox Church who owned larger States
0:4:17: this was different from the French
0:4:19: Revolution where peasants respected the
0:4:22: Nobles and even fought for them
0:4:25: the conditions were ripe for Change and
0:4:27: the Winds of Revolution were beginning
0:4:29: to stir
0:4:30: now that we've covered the first two
0:4:33: topics let's move on to the third one
0:4:35: that is socialism in Russia
0:4:38: the seeds of political upheaval were
0:4:41: sown in Russia long before the February
0:4:43: revolution of 1914.
0:4:46: well did you know that all political
0:4:48: parties were illegal in Russia before
0:4:50: 1914
0:4:52: the Russian Social Democratic Workers
0:4:55: Party was founded in 1898 by socialists
0:4:58: who respected Marx's ideas but had to
0:5:1: operate as an illegal organization due
0:5:4: to government policy
0:5:6: while some believed that the peasantry
0:5:8: held the key to the revolution others
0:5:11: argued that it was the working class who
0:5:13: would drive change
0:5:15: this disagreement eventually led to the
0:5:17: formation of the socialist revolutionary
0:5:20: party in 1900 which sought to improve
0:5:23: the lot of peasants and transfer Land
0:5:25: from the nobility to those who tilled it
0:5:28: however the party was far from unified
0:5:31: and it soon split into two factions with
0:5:34: vastly different Visions for the future
0:5:36: of the country
0:5:37: the main Civics favored an open Party
0:5:40: structure one that was welcoming to all
0:5:43: members while the Bolsheviks led by
0:5:46: Vladimir Lenin favored a more
0:5:48: disciplined and controlled approach
0:5:51: for Lenin this meant carefully wetting
0:5:53: members and controlling their number and
0:5:55: quality even in the face of the
0:5:57: repressive Society of zarist Russia
0:6:1: so as you can see the political and
0:6:3: social landscape in Russia before 1914
0:6:6: was complex and full of ideas and
0:6:9: movements that shaped the country's
0:6:11: future
0:6:12: this division eventually paved the way
0:6:14: for the October revolution of 1917 which
0:6:18: saw the Bolshevik seize power and
0:6:20: established the Soviet Union
0:6:23: also questions from ncert are usually
0:6:26: asked in the exam from this chapter so
0:6:29: make sure to practice all the ncert
0:6:31: questions
0:6:34: solutions to ncert questions are
0:6:37: provided on eduref which are written by
0:6:39: experts
0:6:41: you can also find ncert Solutions of all
0:6:45: chapters to score good grades
0:6:47: let us shift our gears and dive into a
0:6:50: new topic that's a turbulent time the
0:6:53: 1905 Revolution
0:6:55: the 1905 Revolution marked a turning
0:6:59: point in Russian history setting the
0:7:1: stage for the events that would unfold
0:7:3: in the coming years
0:7:5: for years the Russian people had
0:7:7: suffered under the rule of Tsar Nicholas
0:7:10: II who was unwilling to share power with
0:7:12: Parliament or address the needs of the
0:7:14: working class
0:7:16: liberals social Democrats and socialist
0:7:19: revolutionaries joined forces with
0:7:21: peasants and workers to demand a
0:7:24: constitution during the 1905 Revolution
0:7:26: with support from nationalists and
0:7:29: judaists
0:7:30: fueled by Rising prices declining wages
0:7:34: and bad working conditions workers and
0:7:36: peasants across the country have had
0:7:39: enough
0:7:40: over 1 lakh 10 000 workers went on
0:7:43: strike in St Petersburg calling for
0:7:45: shorter working hours better pay and
0:7:48: working conditions
0:7:50: the peaceful procession led by father
0:7:52: gapon was violently attacked by police
0:7:55: and Cossacks leading to over 100 deaths
0:7:58: and 300 injuries a tragedy known as
0:8:1: Bloody Sunday
0:8:3: despite this tragedy the union of unions
0:8:6: was formed demanding a constituent
0:8:9: assembly
0:8:10: the Tsar eventually allowed an elected
0:8:13: consultative Parliament or Duma but
0:8:15: political activity was severely
0:8:17: restricted
0:8:18: the Tsar dismissed the first and second
0:8:21: Duma within months of their creation
0:8:23: packing the third with conservative
0:8:25: politicians and excluding liberals and
0:8:28: revolutionaries
0:8:30: the war initially brought people
0:8:32: together in support of Tsar Nicholas II
0:8:35: however as the conflict dragged on the
0:8:38: Tsar refused to consult with the main
0:8:40: parties in the tumor
0:8:42: this left the Common People feeling
0:8:44: neglected and their support for the
0:8:46: autocracy began to decline
0:8:49: adding to the tsar's troubles was the
0:8:51: Zarina Alexandra's German Origins and
0:8:54: poor advisers including the notorious
0:8:56: Mont Rasputin
0:8:58: it was a recipe for unpopularity as time
0:9:3: went on tensions continued to rise and
0:9:5: people began to speak out against the
0:9:8: tsar's rule
0:9:9: some even started to call for a
0:9:11: revolution believing that change was
0:9:14: necessary
0:9:15: as we wrap up let's focus on the last
0:9:18: topic the first world war and the
0:9:20: Russian Empire
0:9:22: as the Winds of Change swept through the
0:9:25: country the fate of the Russian Empire
0:9:27: hung in the balance
0:9:29: although Russia experienced initial
0:9:31: success in the war things took a
0:9:34: dramatic turn for the worse between 1914
0:9:36: and 1916 as Germany and Austria imposed
0:9:40: crushing defeats
0:9:42: this failure harmed the reputation of
0:9:45: the government and the Tsar as soldiers
0:9:47: became disillusioned with the war effort
0:9:50: Industries suffered and the country's
0:9:52: railway lines began to break down
0:9:55: with most of the men fighting on the
0:9:58: front lines there were labor shortages
0:10:0: at home
0:10:1: large supplies of grain were sent to
0:10:3: feed the Army leaving the people to
0:10:6: suffer
0:10:7: by the winter of 1916 bread riots were a
0:10:11: common sight as people struggled to feed
0:10:13: themselves and their families
0:10:16: it was a difficult time for the people
0:10:18: of Russia and the situation was ripe for
0:10:21: change
0:10:22: and little did anyone know that the
0:10:24: suffering of the Russian people would
0:10:26: ultimately lead to a revolution that
0:10:29: would change the course of history
0:10:31: so as we come to the end of this video
0:10:34: we can conclude that the Russian
0:10:36: Revolution of 1917 was a turning point
0:10:39: in world history marking the end of the
0:10:41: tsarist regime and the beginning of a
0:10:43: new era in which Communism and socialism
0:10:46: would play a major role in shaping
0:10:48: global politics
0:10:50: it sparked a global conversation about
0:10:53: the role of government the rights of
0:10:55: workers and the nature of power and
0:10:57: authority
0:10:59: and while the revolution may have had
0:11:1: its flaws and failures it also served as
0:11:4: a powerful reminder that change is
0:11:6: possible that people can come together
0:11:8: to demand a better future for themselves
0:11:10: and for generations to come
0:11:12: as we continue to study we will cover
0:11:15: the remaining part of the chapter in the
0:11:17: upcoming videos
0:11:19: also make sure to study chapter notes
0:11:22: watch video lectures and solve McQ tests
0:11:26: of this chapter on edurev to ensure you
0:11:28: score well in your school exams
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0:11:34: courses for maths science Hindi English
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0:11:39: thank you