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CPU; Pipeline & Vector Processing; Input - Output Organization Video Lecture | Crash Course for UGC NET Computer science

FAQs on CPU; Pipeline & Vector Processing; Input - Output Organization Video Lecture - Crash Course for UGC NET Computer science

1. What is pipelining in CPU architecture?

Ans. Pipelining is a technique used in CPU architecture to improve instruction throughput. It allows multiple instruction phases (fetch, decode, execute, etc.) to be processed simultaneously in different stages of the pipeline. This increases the overall performance of the CPU by ensuring that while one instruction is being executed, others can be decoded and fetched, thus maximizing CPU utilization.

2. How does vector processing differ from scalar processing?

Ans. Vector processing refers to the execution of operations on entire vectors (arrays of data) at once, allowing for high performance in tasks like mathematical computations and graphics processing. In contrast, scalar processing deals with single data elements at a time. Vector processors are optimized for handling large data sets more efficiently, making them suitable for applications in scientific computing and multimedia.

3. What are the advantages of using pipelining in CPUs?

Ans. The advantages of using pipelining in CPUs include increased instruction throughput, improved CPU utilization, and better overall performance. By breaking down instruction execution into distinct stages, pipelining allows multiple instructions to be processed concurrently. This reduces the total time taken to execute a sequence of instructions and enhances the efficiency of the CPU.

4. What is the significance of Input-Output organization in computer architecture?

Ans. Input-Output organization is crucial in computer architecture as it defines how data is transferred between the CPU and peripheral devices. Effective I/O organization ensures efficient communication, data transfer, and resource management between various hardware components. It impacts the overall system performance, responsiveness, and the ability to handle multiple I/O operations simultaneously.

5. What are the challenges associated with pipeline hazards in CPU design?

Ans. Pipeline hazards are situations that prevent the next instruction in the pipeline from executing during its designated clock cycle. The three main types of hazards are structural hazards (resource conflicts), data hazards (dependencies between instructions), and control hazards (branching issues). These hazards can lead to pipeline stalls, reducing performance, and require techniques like forwarding, stalling, or branch prediction to mitigate their impact.

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Oct 13, 2025 Last updated

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