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Landmark Cases of Constitution Video Lecture | Legal Reasoning for CLAT

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1. What are some landmark cases in the Indian judiciary that have shaped the Constitution?
Ans. Some landmark cases include Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), which established the Basic Structure doctrine, Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978), which expanded the interpretation of the right to life and personal liberty, and Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997), which laid down guidelines for preventing sexual harassment at the workplace.
2. How does the judiciary interpret the Constitution in landmark cases?
Ans. The judiciary interprets the Constitution by analyzing the intent of the framers, examining precedents, and considering the social and political context. This interpretation often leads to evolving understandings of rights and liberties, as seen in cases like Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018), which decriminalized homosexuality.
3. What is the significance of the Kesavananda Bharati case in Indian constitutional law?
Ans. The Kesavananda Bharati case is significant because it introduced the Basic Structure doctrine, asserting that certain fundamental features of the Constitution cannot be altered or destroyed by amendments. This case laid the foundation for protecting the core values of democracy and fundamental rights.
4. How has the judiciary influenced the protection of fundamental rights through landmark cases?
Ans. The judiciary has played a crucial role in protecting fundamental rights by interpreting them broadly. For instance, in the case of Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, the Supreme Court ruled that the right to life includes the right to live with dignity, thereby expanding the scope of Article 21 significantly.
5. Can you provide examples of how landmark cases have addressed social issues in India?
Ans. Landmark cases like Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997) addressed sexual harassment in the workplace, while the case of Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018) tackled LGBTQ+ rights. These cases illustrate how the judiciary addresses pressing social issues, influencing legislation and societal norms.
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