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Cell Biology and Basics of Genetics Video Lecture | Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants

	Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants 193 videos\|121 docs\|4 tests

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FAQs on Cell Biology and Basics of Genetics Video Lecture - Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants

1. What are the basic components of a cell and their functions?

Ans.The basic components of a cell include the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, organelles (like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus), and ribosomes. The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, the cytoplasm is the site of metabolic processes, the nucleus contains genetic material and regulates cell activity, organelles perform specific functions such as energy production and protein synthesis, and ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis.

2. What is the structure of DNA and how is it related to genetics?

Ans.DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, has a double-helix structure made up of two long strands of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine). DNA carries genetic information that is passed from one generation to the next and directs the synthesis of proteins, which are crucial for the functioning and development of organisms.

3. How does cell division occur in eukaryotic cells?

Ans.Cell division in eukaryotic cells occurs through a process called mitosis for somatic cells and meiosis for gametes. Mitosis involves the duplication of the cell's genetic material followed by the division of the nucleus and cytoplasm, resulting in two identical daughter cells. Meiosis, on the other hand, reduces the chromosome number by half, producing four genetically diverse gametes, which is essential for sexual reproduction.

4. What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Ans.Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. They translate messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences into amino acids, which are then linked together to form proteins. Ribosomes can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, and they play a crucial role in translating the genetic code into functional proteins necessary for various cellular processes.

5. What are mutations and how do they affect genetic information?

Ans.Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can occur due to errors during DNA replication or as a result of environmental factors. They can affect genetic information by altering the sequence of amino acids in proteins, potentially leading to changes in function or activity. Some mutations can be benign, some can cause diseases, and others can be beneficial, contributing to the process of evolution.

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Jan 06, 2025 Last updated

Video Description: Cell Biology and Basics of Genetics for UPSC 2025 is part of Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants preparation. The notes and questions for Cell Biology and Basics of Genetics have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Cell Biology and Basics of Genetics covers all important topics for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Cell Biology and Basics of Genetics.

Introduction of Cell Biology and Basics of Genetics in English is available as part of our Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants for UPSC & Cell Biology and Basics of Genetics in Hindi for Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants course. Download more important topics related with notes, lectures and mock test series for UPSC Exam by signing up for free.

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	Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants 193 videos\|121 docs\|4 tests

Crash Course for UPSC Aspirants

193 videos|121 docs|4 tests

Join Course for Free

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