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Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Video Lecture | Crash Course for CSIR NET Life Sciences

FAQs on Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Video Lecture - Crash Course for CSIR NET Life Sciences

1. What is SDS-PAGE and how does it work?
Ans.SDS-PAGE, or Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, is a technique used to separate proteins based on their molecular weight. In this method, proteins are denatured by SDS, which binds to the protein and gives it a negative charge. The protein mixture is then loaded into a polyacrylamide gel and subjected to an electric field. The negatively charged proteins migrate towards the positive electrode, with smaller proteins moving faster through the gel matrix than larger ones, resulting in separation based on size.
2. What role does SDS play in SDS-PAGE?
Ans.SDS, or Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, serves multiple important roles in SDS-PAGE. Firstly, it denatures proteins by disrupting non-covalent bonds, which ensures that proteins unfold into linear chains. Secondly, SDS imparts a uniform negative charge to the proteins, allowing them to be separated solely based on size during electrophoresis. This uniform charge eliminates the influence of the protein's native charge and shape, ensuring that migration through the gel is determined only by molecular weight.
3. Why is polyacrylamide used as a gel in SDS-PAGE?
Ans.Polyacrylamide is used as a gel in SDS-PAGE due to its ability to form a stable and porous matrix that allows for the effective separation of proteins. The pore size of the gel can be easily adjusted by changing the concentration of acrylamide, enabling the separation of proteins of various sizes. Additionally, polyacrylamide gels are chemically inert, providing a consistent environment for protein migration during electrophoresis.
4. How can the results of SDS-PAGE be visualized?
Ans.Results of SDS-PAGE can be visualized using various staining techniques. The most common method involves Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining, which binds to proteins and allows them to be seen as blue bands against a clear background. Other methods include silver staining, which is more sensitive and can detect lower concentrations of proteins, and fluorescent staining, which provides high sensitivity and specificity for certain proteins.
5. What are some applications of SDS-PAGE in research and diagnostics?
Ans.SDS-PAGE is widely used in biochemistry and molecular biology for various applications. It is essential for analyzing protein purity, determining the molecular weight of proteins, and assessing protein expression levels. In diagnostics, SDS-PAGE can be used to identify specific proteins associated with diseases, such as in the detection of biomarkers in clinical samples. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in the study of protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications.
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