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Techniques : Chromatography Video Lecture | Crash Course for CSIR NET Life Sciences

FAQs on Techniques : Chromatography Video Lecture - Crash Course for CSIR NET Life Sciences

1. What is chromatography and how is it used in analytical chemistry?

Ans.Chromatography is a separation technique used to separate and analyze complex mixtures. It operates on the principle of partitioning compounds between stationary and mobile phases. In analytical chemistry, chromatography is essential for identifying substances, determining their concentrations, and purifying compounds. Techniques such as gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are commonly employed to analyze samples in various fields including pharmaceuticals, environmental testing, and food safety.

2. What are the main types of chromatography and their applications?

Ans.The main types of chromatography include gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and column chromatography. GC is primarily used for volatile compounds, while LC is suitable for a wider range of substances, including biomolecules. TLC is often used for qualitative analysis, and column chromatography is utilized for both separation and purification of compounds. Each type has specific applications depending on the nature of the sample and the required analysis.

3. What role does the stationary phase play in chromatography?

Ans.The stationary phase in chromatography is the phase that remains fixed in place within the column or on the plate. It interacts with the components of the mixture being analyzed, affecting their migration rates. The choice of stationary phase is crucial, as it determines the selectivity and efficiency of the separation process. Different stationary phases can be used to target specific interactions, such as hydrophobicity, charge, or size, allowing for tailored separations based on the properties of the analytes.

4. How do retention time and resolution affect chromatography results?

Ans.Retention time is the time a compound takes to pass through the chromatography system and is critical in identifying compounds within a mixture. Resolution refers to the ability to distinguish between two separate compounds in a mixture. Higher resolution indicates better separation, allowing for clearer identification and quantification of components. Factors affecting both retention time and resolution include temperature, flow rate, and the nature of the stationary and mobile phases.

5. What are the advantages of using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)?

Ans.High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) offers several advantages, including high resolution, speed, and sensitivity. It can analyze a wide range of compounds, including large biomolecules, with great accuracy. HPLC allows for automated sample analysis, which enhances productivity and repeatability. Additionally, the use of various detectors makes it adaptable for different analytical requirements, making it a preferred choice in pharmaceutical development, environmental analysis, and clinical diagnostics.

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Sep 28, 2025 Last updated

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