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Cell Structure - 1 Video Lecture | Crash Course for SSC CGL (English)

FAQs on Cell Structure - 1 Video Lecture - Crash Course for SSC CGL (English)

1. What are the main components of a cell and their functions?
Ans.The main components of a cell include the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. The cell membrane acts as a barrier, regulating what enters and exits the cell. The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance where biochemical processes occur. The nucleus contains genetic material and controls cell activities. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, generating energy. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, while the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus are involved in the synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids.
2. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Ans.Prokaryotic cells are simpler and do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells are more complex, containing a defined nucleus and various organelles. Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells, which include plant and animal cells. The genetic material in prokaryotic cells is usually circular and free-floating, whereas in eukaryotic cells, it is linear and located within the nucleus.
3. How do plant cells differ from animal cells in terms of structure?
Ans.Plant cells have unique structures not found in animal cells, including a cell wall that provides support and rigidity, chloroplasts for photosynthesis, and large central vacuoles for storage and maintaining turgor pressure. Animal cells, on the other hand, have centrioles and lysosomes, which are not typically present in plant cells. These structural differences are essential for the distinct functions of plant and animal cells.
4. What role do organelles play in cellular functions?
Ans.Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions essential for the cell’s survival and operation. For example, mitochondria are responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration, while the endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids. Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials. Each organelle contributes to the overall functionality and efficiency of the cell.
5. What is the significance of the cell membrane in cellular processes?
Ans.The cell membrane is crucial for maintaining the internal environment of the cell. It functions as a selective barrier, allowing certain substances to enter or exit while keeping others out. This selective permeability is essential for processes such as nutrient uptake, waste removal, and communication with other cells. Additionally, the cell membrane contains receptors that enable the cell to respond to external signals, playing a key role in cellular signaling and homeostasis.
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