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Immune System Video Lecture | General Awareness for SSC CGL

FAQs on Immune System Video Lecture - General Awareness for SSC CGL

1. What are the main differences between innate and adaptive immunity?

Ans. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense, providing immediate but non-specific protection against pathogens. It includes physical barriers like skin, as well as immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils that respond quickly to infections. Adaptive immunity, on the other hand, develops over time and is specific to particular pathogens. It involves lymphocytes, such as T cells and B cells, which generate a targeted response and memory against previously encountered pathogens, allowing for a faster response upon re-exposure.

2. How does the innate immune system recognize pathogens?

Ans. The innate immune system recognizes pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that identify common features of pathogens, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). These include structures like lipopolysaccharides on bacterial membranes or viral RNA. Upon recognition, innate immune cells activate and initiate an inflammatory response to eliminate the threat and signal the adaptive immune system.

3. What role do B cells play in adaptive immunity?

Ans. B cells are a crucial component of adaptive immunity responsible for antibody production. When activated by specific antigens, B cells differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies targeting those antigens. These antibodies can neutralize pathogens, mark them for destruction by other immune cells, and provide long-term immunity through memory B cells that remain in the body after the infection has been cleared.

4. Can innate immunity adapt or improve over time?

Ans. Innate immunity is generally considered non-adaptive; however, it can exhibit a form of "trained immunity." This phenomenon occurs when innate immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages, become more responsive to subsequent infections after an initial encounter with certain pathogens. While this is not the same as the specificity and memory seen in adaptive immunity, it demonstrates an enhanced response to recurrent infections.

5. Why is the interaction between innate and adaptive immunity important?

Ans. The interaction between innate and adaptive immunity is vital for an effective immune response. Innate immunity serves as the first defense and helps activate adaptive immunity by presenting antigens and producing cytokines that stimulate lymphocytes. This collaboration ensures a coordinated response, enhancing the body's ability to identify and eliminate pathogens while also establishing immunological memory for future protection.

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Oct 18, 2025 Last updated

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	General Awareness for SSC CGL 448 videos\|1497 docs\|288 tests

General Awareness for SSC CGL

448 videos|1497 docs|288 tests

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