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The Solid State - Unit Cells Video Lecture | Additional Study Material for Class 12

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FAQs on The Solid State - Unit Cells Video Lecture - Additional Study Material for Class 12

1. What is a unit cell in the context of the solid state?
Ans. A unit cell is the smallest repeating unit of a crystal lattice in the solid state. It represents the arrangement of atoms or ions in a crystal structure and is used to describe the overall structure and properties of the solid.
2. How many types of unit cells are there in the solid state?
Ans. There are seven types of unit cells in the solid state: simple cubic (SC), body-centered cubic (BCC), face-centered cubic (FCC), hexagonal close-packed (HCP), tetragonal, orthorhombic, and rhombohedral. These unit cells differ in terms of their arrangement of atoms or ions.
3. What are the key characteristics of a unit cell?
Ans. The key characteristics of a unit cell include its dimensions, shape, and symmetry. The dimensions are represented by the edge lengths (a, b, c) and angles (α, β, γ) of the unit cell. The shape can be cubic, hexagonal, or any other type depending on the crystal structure. The symmetry refers to the arrangement of atoms or ions within the unit cell and can be classified as primitive, body-centered, or face-centered.
4. How is the volume of a unit cell calculated?
Ans. The volume of a unit cell can be calculated by multiplying the edge lengths (a, b, c) of the unit cell. For example, in a cubic unit cell, the volume would be V = a^3. In other unit cells, the volume can be calculated using the formula V = a × b × c × sin(α) × sin(β) × sin(γ).
5. How does the choice of unit cell affect the properties of a solid?
Ans. The choice of unit cell affects the density, packing efficiency, and mechanical properties of a solid. Different unit cells have different packing arrangements of atoms or ions, leading to variations in these properties. For example, the FCC unit cell has a higher packing efficiency and density compared to the SC unit cell, resulting in different physical and mechanical properties for materials with these crystal structures.
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