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L2 - Interconversion of States of Matter- Matter in Our Surrounding, Class 9, Science Video Lecture

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1. What are the three states of matter and how do they interconvert?

Ans. The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. They can interconvert by the addition or removal of heat energy. When heat energy is added to a solid, it converts into a liquid through the process of melting. Similarly, when heat energy is added to a liquid, it converts into a gas through the process of vaporization. On the other hand, when heat energy is removed from a gas, it converts into a liquid through the process of condensation. And when further heat energy is removed from a liquid, it converts into a solid through the process of freezing.

2. What is sublimation and give an example?

Ans. Sublimation is the process in which a solid directly converts into a gas without going through the liquid state. It occurs when the temperature and pressure conditions are such that the solid particles gain enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction and directly form a gas. An example of sublimation is the conversion of solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) into carbon dioxide gas without melting into a liquid state.

3. Can gases convert directly into solids?

Ans. Yes, gases can convert directly into solids through the process of deposition. Deposition occurs when a gas directly transforms into a solid without going through the liquid state. This happens when the temperature and pressure conditions are such that the gas particles lose enough energy to form a solid. An example of deposition is the formation of frost on a cold surface during winter when water vapor in the air solidifies directly without condensing into liquid water.

4. What is the effect of pressure on the interconversion of states of matter?

Ans. Pressure plays a significant role in the interconversion of states of matter. Increasing the pressure on a gas can cause it to condense into a liquid state. This is because the increased pressure compresses the gas particles, reducing the space between them and increasing the forces of attraction. On the other hand, decreasing the pressure on a liquid can cause it to vaporize into a gas state. This is because the decreased pressure reduces the forces of attraction between the liquid particles, allowing them to escape into the gas phase.

5. How does the interconversion of states of matter affect everyday life?

Ans. The interconversion of states of matter has various practical applications in everyday life. For example, the process of boiling water involves the conversion of liquid water into water vapor, which is essential for cooking, cleaning, and generating steam for various industrial processes. The process of condensation is used in refrigeration systems to convert gases into liquids, allowing for the cooling of food and drinks. The process of sublimation is used in freeze-drying to preserve food, medicines, and other perishable items. Overall, the understanding and control of the interconversion of states of matter have revolutionized several aspects of our daily lives.

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