UPSC Exam > UPSC Videos > UPSC Prelims Paper 2 CSAT - Quant, Verbal & Decision Making > Logical Connectives (Part 1) - Logical Reasoning
Logical Connectives (Part 1) - Logical Reasoning Video Lecture | UPSC Prelims Paper 2 CSAT - Quant, Verbal & Decision Making
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FAQs on Logical Connectives (Part 1) - Logical Reasoning Video Lecture - UPSC Prelims Paper 2 CSAT - Quant, Verbal & Decision Making
| 1. What are logical connectives? |  |
Ans. Logical connectives are symbols or words used to combine or connect two or more propositions to create complex logical statements. They help in forming compound sentences and expressing relationships between different propositions. Some common logical connectives include conjunction (and), disjunction (or), negation (not), implication (if...then), and biconditional (if and only if).
| 2. How do logical connectives affect the truth value of propositions? | |
Ans. Logical connectives can alter the truth value of propositions based on their rules of operation. For example, the conjunction connective (and) returns true only if both propositions it connects are true; otherwise, it returns false. Similarly, the disjunction connective (or) returns true if at least one of the propositions it connects is true. Negation (not) reverses the truth value of a single proposition, while implication (if...then) returns false only if the first proposition is true and the second proposition is false.
| 3. What is the difference between conjunction and disjunction connectives? | |
Ans. The conjunction connective (and) combines two propositions and returns true only if both propositions are true. It can be thought of as representing the idea of "both this and that." On the other hand, the disjunction connective (or) combines two propositions and returns true if at least one of the propositions is true. It can be thought of as representing the idea of "this or that (or both)."
| 4. How does negation affect the truth value of a proposition? | |
Ans. Negation is a logical connective that reverses the truth value of a single proposition. If the original proposition is true, negation makes it false, and if the original proposition is false, negation makes it true. For example, if the proposition "It is raining" is true, then the negation "It is not raining" is false. Negation is represented by the word "not" or the symbol "~" in logical statements.
| 5. What is the meaning of the implication connective? | |
Ans. The implication connective (if...then) is used to express a conditional relationship between two propositions. It returns false only if the first proposition (called the antecedent) is true and the second proposition (called the consequent) is false. In all other cases, the implication connective returns true. It can be thought of as representing the idea of "if the antecedent is true, then the consequent must also be true."
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