Class 11 Exam > Class 11 Videos > Ionization enthalpy (Part - 17) - Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, Class 11
Ionization enthalpy (Part - 17) - Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, Class 11 Video Lecture
FAQs on Ionization enthalpy (Part - 17) - Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties, Class 11 Video Lecture
| 1. What is ionization enthalpy and how is it related to the classification of elements and periodicity in properties? |  |
Ans. Ionization enthalpy refers to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in its gaseous state. It is related to the classification of elements and periodicity in properties because it helps in understanding the trends and patterns in the periodic table. Elements with low ionization enthalpy tend to be more reactive, while those with high ionization enthalpy are less reactive. The ionization enthalpy increases as we move across a period in the periodic table, indicating a decrease in reactivity, and decreases as we move down a group, indicating an increase in reactivity.
| 2. How is ionization enthalpy measured and what are the units used? | |
Ans. Ionization enthalpy is measured using various experimental techniques such as spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The most commonly used unit for ionization enthalpy is kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol). This unit represents the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of atoms or ions.
| 3. What factors affect the ionization enthalpy of an element? | |
Ans. Several factors influence the ionization enthalpy of an element. The main factors include the nuclear charge (number of protons in the nucleus), the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electron, and the shielding effect of inner electrons. Elements with a higher nuclear charge or a smaller atomic radius tend to have higher ionization enthalpy because the attraction between the nucleus and the electron is stronger. Additionally, the presence of inner electrons can shield the outer electron from the full attraction of the nucleus, leading to a lower ionization enthalpy.
| 4. How does ionization enthalpy affect the chemical reactivity of elements? | |
Ans. The ionization enthalpy of an element is directly related to its chemical reactivity. Elements with low ionization enthalpy, such as alkali metals, tend to be highly reactive as they can easily lose electrons and form positive ions. On the other hand, elements with high ionization enthalpy, such as noble gases, are less reactive because they have a strong hold on their electrons and are less likely to form ions. The trend of increasing ionization enthalpy across a period in the periodic table reflects the decreasing reactivity of elements, while the trend of decreasing ionization enthalpy down a group indicates an increase in reactivity.
| 5. How does the concept of ionization enthalpy help in predicting the properties of elements? | |
Ans. The concept of ionization enthalpy helps in predicting the properties of elements by providing information about their reactivity and ability to form ions. Elements with low ionization enthalpy are more likely to form positive ions and participate in chemical reactions. On the other hand, elements with high ionization enthalpy are less likely to form ions and are generally unreactive. By analyzing the trends in ionization enthalpy across periods and down groups in the periodic table, we can make predictions about the relative reactivity and chemical behavior of different elements.
Text Transcript from Video
hello friends this video on
classification of elements part 17 is
brought to you by exam viacom no more
fear from exam before watching the video
please make sure that you have watched
part 1 to part 16
now let's discuss ionization enthalpy
see ionization means tendency to lose
electron when you see ionized a
particular atom that means one electron
is keep that I had this atom may some
electron so you kick out one electron
from this I call this is ionized so it
is a quantity measure to find the
tendency of the element to lose electron
and actually it is nothing but energy it
is energy required to remove one
electron from isolated gases at them in
the ground state and tell you why it is
isolated because if it is isolated then
only we can find the actual ionization
energy because if it is not isolated
then there will be some other energy
which is also required to be removed
first or extra energy required to remove
electron there can be some course of
attractions or some something and
lattice energy or something to get the
exact ionization energy we assume that
that particular element first is in
gaseous state and it is isolated so that
we are discussing only about ionize
shaken baby we should not so that we
don't take into consideration other
energy like the elect the attraction
energy or this kind of shock right so to
make our calculation easy we just assume
isolated gas so that there is no other
attraction there is no other energy
which we have to overcome or attraction
force you to overcome to take out the
electrons so we just assume that this
atom is in gaseous state and this is -
so we just go in become one electron so
if it is let's suppose in crystal form
it is solid then to take out when later
on voice actor we move the electron from
the crystal and we will take out
electrons so different kind of energy
that makes things complex I chose you to
ease my life to make things easier I
assume it is I suited gas item and from
that I take out one electron the grounds
correct and first ionization energy for
element X is the enthalpy change it is
depicted by this reaction I have any
element in the gas is small or either
adrcs form that I take or delete from
yessuh positive charge right and since
this is energy it is represented in kilo
Joule per mole right similarly we have
the first nij enthalpy is nothing but
the energy required to remove first
electron you can also add second ini
enthalpy is nothing but energy required
to remove second most loosely Mortlake
from correct the first was the valence
electron you the first valence electron
and the second ionization Thal visa
originally provide remove second loosely
bond later on so I have already one
ionized atom from this I remove one more
electron to get to positive charge and
pleasedon't energy is always required to
remove electrons so the enthalpy is
always false the positiveness energy is
required please don't
pause students energy is required so in
this case of I initially with Alby when
you have to pluck out one electron from
an atom energy is always required so
it's always positive right and also note
that second ionization in that way is
higher than the first initial run why
because you need to put more energy to
remove second electron gently then to
remove first electron right then iodine
Shane tell via the atomic radius
property are closely related so as the
atomic size increased the energy that we
this define is less because but the
outermost electron is loosely bound to
the nucleus and you can easily plot the
Ranma the atomic size last and this you
can have closely hold the electron it is
difficult to remove the outermost left
right you see the trend in the ionizer
enthalpy so the trend is little things
activate you see that the maximize the
normal gas so you can see the ionization
thought me the maximum is the normal gas
why it is so because the noble gas have
totally satisfied in the like right and
they don't want anyone to come and
remove one electron from them and make
their life miserable because the moment
one milli Torr is removed from noble gas
it has to again go get one electron to
attain them stability so noble gas will
not like to remove any electron so
that's why it is very hard to remove
electron from this longer because nobody
has will try it's best to retain the
electron curriculars already stable so
they are maximum so the noble right so
you understand this trend we have take
here lot of things for example the
atomic size the stability of the atom
looks kind of thing let's get those
things in the next few slides just
understand that this is the zigzag
reacting and the maximum is peak
efficient the noble gases because they
have stable configuration I don't want
to loose electron right and the meaning
occurs the alkali metal example sodium
lithium potassium because why anyone
because these guys have one extra
electron in the lose my electron they
can easily become stable they easily
want to lose electrons so the ionization
energy is very low funny because they
easily want to lose electron right and
they are very highly these things we
have learned in the class classes also
noble gas they're noble they are happy
in the light they want they want to lose
electron should be very difficult to
take out an electron from them these
guys are ready to lose an electron so
it's easy to take out electron from them
right so across a period if you go
example in this case you're going across
Italy in cross period and this guy is a
cross go right or this angle because we
go down so if you see a cross period it
is increasing actually but you can see
slight variations we'll discuss all
these white boron has a lower enthalpy
than VD MN oxygen has lower than my
cousin will discuss it but general trend
if you see it increase as we go across a
period right and if you go down a row
you see go down a group this decrease
they because the atomic size increase
and if you see this partner similar to
the atomic size the atomic size increase
and it is easy to do this electron here
or say if you see the atomic size
decrease if you go here there Tomic size
decrease here if you come atomic size
English so he Dominic size is decreasing
so it is difficult to remove electron
because the atomic size is less and
neutrons has more control over electrons
so it is as good as one in one family
the head is having more control over one
electron or one person's it's difficult
or in a company again say that the
manager is having good control over of
an employee these electron is employed
so it is very difficult for another
company to to take out an employee from
the company but if the company is big
and in the company is very big there is
some employee here this management is
not having a very strict control over of
this employed and this is not able to
control is employed this employee can
easily go to somewhere lovely you can
correlate the element with the real life
things right again we assume this
electron as employee and neutron has a
company if they can attract very well
this employed won't go it will be very
difficult for other company we were
trying this plot right but if this
Neutron is not having control company is
not having control over employee
employees not
the gun the company is not attracted
that much with this comedy you can go up
there easy thank you
visit exam Viacom to watch free
education videos try free online tests
get the best quality study materials
study from the best tutors and mentors
and much more
thanks again
classification of elements part 17 is
brought to you by exam viacom no more
fear from exam before watching the video
please make sure that you have watched
part 1 to part 16
now let's discuss ionization enthalpy
see ionization means tendency to lose
electron when you see ionized a
particular atom that means one electron
is keep that I had this atom may some
electron so you kick out one electron
from this I call this is ionized so it
is a quantity measure to find the
tendency of the element to lose electron
and actually it is nothing but energy it
is energy required to remove one
electron from isolated gases at them in
the ground state and tell you why it is
isolated because if it is isolated then
only we can find the actual ionization
energy because if it is not isolated
then there will be some other energy
which is also required to be removed
first or extra energy required to remove
electron there can be some course of
attractions or some something and
lattice energy or something to get the
exact ionization energy we assume that
that particular element first is in
gaseous state and it is isolated so that
we are discussing only about ionize
shaken baby we should not so that we
don't take into consideration other
energy like the elect the attraction
energy or this kind of shock right so to
make our calculation easy we just assume
isolated gas so that there is no other
attraction there is no other energy
which we have to overcome or attraction
force you to overcome to take out the
electrons so we just assume that this
atom is in gaseous state and this is -
so we just go in become one electron so
if it is let's suppose in crystal form
it is solid then to take out when later
on voice actor we move the electron from
the crystal and we will take out
electrons so different kind of energy
that makes things complex I chose you to
ease my life to make things easier I
assume it is I suited gas item and from
that I take out one electron the grounds
correct and first ionization energy for
element X is the enthalpy change it is
depicted by this reaction I have any
element in the gas is small or either
adrcs form that I take or delete from
yessuh positive charge right and since
this is energy it is represented in kilo
Joule per mole right similarly we have
the first nij enthalpy is nothing but
the energy required to remove first
electron you can also add second ini
enthalpy is nothing but energy required
to remove second most loosely Mortlake
from correct the first was the valence
electron you the first valence electron
and the second ionization Thal visa
originally provide remove second loosely
bond later on so I have already one
ionized atom from this I remove one more
electron to get to positive charge and
pleasedon't energy is always required to
remove electrons so the enthalpy is
always false the positiveness energy is
required please don't
pause students energy is required so in
this case of I initially with Alby when
you have to pluck out one electron from
an atom energy is always required so
it's always positive right and also note
that second ionization in that way is
higher than the first initial run why
because you need to put more energy to
remove second electron gently then to
remove first electron right then iodine
Shane tell via the atomic radius
property are closely related so as the
atomic size increased the energy that we
this define is less because but the
outermost electron is loosely bound to
the nucleus and you can easily plot the
Ranma the atomic size last and this you
can have closely hold the electron it is
difficult to remove the outermost left
right you see the trend in the ionizer
enthalpy so the trend is little things
activate you see that the maximize the
normal gas so you can see the ionization
thought me the maximum is the normal gas
why it is so because the noble gas have
totally satisfied in the like right and
they don't want anyone to come and
remove one electron from them and make
their life miserable because the moment
one milli Torr is removed from noble gas
it has to again go get one electron to
attain them stability so noble gas will
not like to remove any electron so
that's why it is very hard to remove
electron from this longer because nobody
has will try it's best to retain the
electron curriculars already stable so
they are maximum so the noble right so
you understand this trend we have take
here lot of things for example the
atomic size the stability of the atom
looks kind of thing let's get those
things in the next few slides just
understand that this is the zigzag
reacting and the maximum is peak
efficient the noble gases because they
have stable configuration I don't want
to loose electron right and the meaning
occurs the alkali metal example sodium
lithium potassium because why anyone
because these guys have one extra
electron in the lose my electron they
can easily become stable they easily
want to lose electrons so the ionization
energy is very low funny because they
easily want to lose electron right and
they are very highly these things we
have learned in the class classes also
noble gas they're noble they are happy
in the light they want they want to lose
electron should be very difficult to
take out an electron from them these
guys are ready to lose an electron so
it's easy to take out electron from them
right so across a period if you go
example in this case you're going across
Italy in cross period and this guy is a
cross go right or this angle because we
go down so if you see a cross period it
is increasing actually but you can see
slight variations we'll discuss all
these white boron has a lower enthalpy
than VD MN oxygen has lower than my
cousin will discuss it but general trend
if you see it increase as we go across a
period right and if you go down a row
you see go down a group this decrease
they because the atomic size increase
and if you see this partner similar to
the atomic size the atomic size increase
and it is easy to do this electron here
or say if you see the atomic size
decrease if you go here there Tomic size
decrease here if you come atomic size
English so he Dominic size is decreasing
so it is difficult to remove electron
because the atomic size is less and
neutrons has more control over electrons
so it is as good as one in one family
the head is having more control over one
electron or one person's it's difficult
or in a company again say that the
manager is having good control over of
an employee these electron is employed
so it is very difficult for another
company to to take out an employee from
the company but if the company is big
and in the company is very big there is
some employee here this management is
not having a very strict control over of
this employed and this is not able to
control is employed this employee can
easily go to somewhere lovely you can
correlate the element with the real life
things right again we assume this
electron as employee and neutron has a
company if they can attract very well
this employed won't go it will be very
difficult for other company we were
trying this plot right but if this
Neutron is not having control company is
not having control over employee
employees not
the gun the company is not attracted
that much with this comedy you can go up
there easy thank you
visit exam Viacom to watch free
education videos try free online tests
get the best quality study materials
study from the best tutors and mentors
and much more
thanks again
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