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Electromeric Effect (Part - 30) - Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principals & Techniques, Class 11 Video Lecture

FAQs on Electromeric Effect (Part - 30) - Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principals & Techniques, Class 11 Video Lecture

1. What is the definition of the electromeric effect in organic chemistry?
Ans. The electromeric effect refers to the movement of electrons in a molecule or a bond due to the influence of an attacking reagent or an external force. It involves the partial or complete transfer of electrons to form a new bond, resulting in the formation of a new compound or a new species.
2. How does the electromeric effect differ from the inductive effect?
Ans. The inductive effect involves the polarization of a sigma bond in a molecule due to the electronegativity difference between atoms. It operates through the sigma bond and is transmitted through the sigma bond. On the other hand, the electromeric effect involves the movement of electrons in a pi bond or a lone pair of electrons, resulting in the formation of a new bond. It operates through the pi bond or the lone pair of electrons.
3. What are the types of electromeric effects?
Ans. There are two types of electromeric effects: positive electromeric effect and negative electromeric effect. In the positive electromeric effect, pi electrons or a lone pair of electrons are transferred towards an atom or a group, creating a positive charge on that atom or group. In the negative electromeric effect, pi electrons or a lone pair of electrons are transferred away from an atom or a group, creating a negative charge on that atom or group.
4. How does the electromeric effect affect the reactivity of organic compounds?
Ans. The electromeric effect plays a crucial role in determining the reactivity of organic compounds. It can enhance the reactivity by facilitating the formation of new bonds or destabilizing existing bonds. The movement of electrons due to the electromeric effect can result in the formation of reactive intermediates, such as carbocations, carbanions, or free radicals, which can undergo further chemical reactions.
5. Give an example of the electromeric effect in a chemical reaction.
Ans. An example of the electromeric effect is observed in the reaction between an alkene and a halogen. When a halogen molecule, such as chlorine, attacks an alkene, the pi electrons of the alkene shift towards the carbon atom bonded to the halogen, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the halogen and the carbon. This movement of electrons is an example of the positive electromeric effect, as the pi electrons are transferred towards the halogen atom.
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