Class 11 Exam > Class 11 Videos > Estimation of Nitrogen : Dumas method - Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principals & Techniques
Estimation of Nitrogen : Dumas method - Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principals & Techniques Video Lecture - Class 11
FAQs on Estimation of Nitrogen : Dumas method - Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principals & Techniques Video Lecture - Class 11
| 1. What is the Dumas method for estimating nitrogen? |  |
Ans. The Dumas method is a technique used in organic chemistry to estimate the amount of nitrogen present in a compound. It involves the combustion of the compound in a high-temperature combustion tube and the subsequent conversion of the resulting nitrogen gas into a measurable form, such as ammonium sulfate.
| 2. How does the Dumas method work? | |
Ans. In the Dumas method, the compound being analyzed is heated in a combustion tube in the presence of excess copper oxide. The combustion of the compound produces carbon dioxide, water vapor, and nitrogen gas. The nitrogen gas is then collected and passed through a series of traps, where it is converted into ammonium sulfate. The amount of nitrogen present in the compound can be determined by measuring the mass of the resulting ammonium sulfate.
| 3. Why is the Dumas method used for nitrogen estimation? | |
Ans. The Dumas method is commonly used for nitrogen estimation because it is relatively simple and provides accurate results. It allows for the determination of nitrogen content in a wide range of organic compounds, including proteins, amino acids, and other nitrogen-containing substances. Additionally, it is a widely accepted method in the scientific community.
| 4. How accurate is the Dumas method for nitrogen estimation? | |
Ans. The Dumas method is considered to be a highly accurate technique for nitrogen estimation. With proper calibration and careful execution, it can provide precise and reliable results. However, it is important to note that the accuracy of the method can be influenced by factors such as sample preparation, combustion efficiency, and presence of impurities.
| 5. What are the advantages of using the Dumas method for nitrogen estimation? | |
Ans. The Dumas method offers several advantages for nitrogen estimation. It is a rapid technique that requires relatively simple equipment and materials. It is also non-destructive, allowing for the sample to be recovered after analysis. Furthermore, it can be used for both solid and liquid samples, making it versatile for various applications in organic chemistry.
Text Transcript from Video
hello friends this neon organic
chemistry basics part 48 is brought to
you by example calm no more fear from
exam let's understand way to estimate
nitrogen by dumas method actually this
is used to estimate the purity of milk
also because a protein is made of
nitrogen and we generally use this
method to find how much pure we'll guess
so this is one way damask method int
idea - method and another method also
this is a method to find or mind the
composition or estimating composition of
nitrogen so the nitrogen containing
organic a bond if there is a nitrogen
now in component when you heat with
copper oxide right in the presence of
carbon dioxide this gives you free
nitrogen like this is carbon monoxide
that so it gives you free nitrogen plus
carbon dies in water so what we do in
this case so in this case what we do we
use this kind of and this is how
nitrogen looks use this kind of
apparatus so what we do here is here you
see this this is the hole in the furnace
right and this one is my copper oxide
this is what is required here right and
here I add organic compound also and
from here I pass co2 this is required
right come carbon monoxide actually see
because oxygen is less here it becomes
come on side actually so this is
required I have my CEO Howe here and
also I have my organic compound here
alright this is firmness is very very
hot so with this what happened is here
this is a mercury C - D right and this
is my co h solution why this because
this will absorb carbon dioxide so in
this you you have what so here what you
get is carbon dioxide and nitrogen
correct so now you pass this guy here so
this guy all this running on carbon tax
is absorbed by this care solution and
what you get here is mind - genius
correct and this nitrogen gas will now
be used to remind the percentage of
nitrogen in the pollen come correct hope
you understand so you have an organic
compound
you are eating this very hard actually
in presence of cuo and co2 actually
right so you heat in the path of co and
co2 so what you get is carbon dioxide
gas and then water and nitrogen gas and
see you you here you have water also so
water will mix with qy chocolate Oh what
do you get here is nitrogen gas correct
and then we'll analyze the percentage of
nitrogen in the organic compound correct
as I go nitrogen is corrected in the
upper part of this cute so let's
understand the reaction so let's assume
the bass of organic compound is M gram
so this is my anger and let the volume
of nitrogen collected at room
temperature please notice everything is
happening at room temperature right room
temperature so let assume that the
volume of nitrogen collected at the room
temperature where even is my room
temperature and pressure is p1 let this
be leavin right so this is my nitrogen
where I have b1 is the nitrogen volume
at T 1 temperature and even pressure
correct so first I have to calculate the
volume of nitrogenous TV so you seen all
the reactions we do what we do is we
generally convert all the volumes in STV
we convert this voluminous TV correct
see now an example we had mass grams
right those things doesn't value doesn't
vary on temperature but volume re so we
have to first convert the volume to STP
so we will do that will convert this
volume to STP STP is what 273 Kelvin 716
with Russian correct and let's assume
that golem is V
this V is my STP volume please note my
the volume which you calculated was v1
and that was while at normal room
temperature pressure not talking about
STP body and that may be so if you use
the formula P 1 meter by t2 v2 is equal
to p2 all it is me P V by T V dot these
are all as TV so you put the values I
have people even teaming this P is
nothing but 273 to 73 V and this T is
what sorry
this P is 760 and this T is 273 this is
where p1 v1 even so if you equate this
you get be even as nothing but 273 p1 v1
t1 by 768 this is what you get you can
solve this you get the same thing
correct so I got the volume of nitrogen
at STP this is critical here correct
now I know that volume of nitrogen and
STP weighs this much gram this is what I
know if you convert the you see the
density of nitrogen then this is what
the relation we have right so at STP V
volume of nitrogen will be this much
gram like this is nothing but if you see
if you see you multiply V with this this
is what you get the volume right and so
percent with nitrogen is what this value
by M in 200 okay
so what I have done here first I found
the volume at normal temperature in
pressure
I got the volume at s TB and then I know
that 2 2 4 0 actually
I mean milliliter is 20 gram that's the
relation I think yeah right 2 to 4 0
centimeter cube of nitrogen at STP is 20
gram this is the experimental value and
thus you see V volume will be 28 into
into V by 2 for gram this is the in this
is weight right this is volume this is
mass this is what I got so I know that I
have got this much gram of nitrogen in
this particular compound you want to
find the person is very easy this much
gram of nitrogen divided by whole mass
200 so you'll get this is the percentage
of nitrogen correct there are some
advantage and disadvantage for the Dumas
method the advantages is easy to use and
it's automated very easy to use it's
very fast if you consider with the this
method the large method we'll discuss
this in the next few slide it is fast
right because this guy's take ours and
this happens only minutes it doesn't use
any toxic chemicals as catalyst we will
discuss that this in this method right
is it our method you use catalyst to
this toxic but there are some
disadvantage of you one method to the
initial cost is very high the whole
setup is very costly and since we take a
very small size sample that means this
is a high Sean that the small size
sample is not correct sample correct the
bigger example you take the better of
the experiment
let's take one numerical on this Dumas
method so it says that you know you was
method for estimation of nitrogen 0.3
gram of nitrogen give 50 ml of nitrogen
so I have my organic compound and
promise I got nitrogen in this first
point 3 gram and this gave me 50 ml at
300 Kelvin and 7 1 5 mm pressure and
where the need to find the composition
of nitrogen and we are told that equus
tension is 15 mm right so that means
excess tension is 15 mm so that means
this pressure is not that - pressure
right - that means I am talking about
705
- 15 in this 700 because this 7 and 5 I
am getting this includes the aqua
station correct so the actual pressure I
am talking about is 700 so let's find
the volume of nitrogen at-st be
delivered to all let's use the former P
One V one by T one is going to be two V
two by T two right so let let assume
that this is this is my STP so we will
be what P 2 that is this guy 700 right
into V 2 what is the volume 50 by T 2
what is the temperature 300 Kelvin into
this guy will become t1 t1 so what is
the t1 at STP it has to be my
temperature is 70 80 Kelvin and why T 1
it has to be your mind pressure is 760
mm so this is my volume up and nitrogen
and HCP very easy just use P One V one
by T visible to P to be divided into
inside you can take STP other side is a
room temperature so with that you get
the volume of nitrogen at st you solve
this you get comes out to be 41 point 9
ml please note this you to almost be
same to this this 50 this is 41 point 9
they should not very much because
normally when you change temperature and
pressure the volume varies but not that
much so it is for 41 point 9 mm correct
so the rightly can use the model of
position to the nitrogen on the world 28
by 2 2 4 4 0 into volume that is for 1.9
ml in in this is the mass of organic
compound in 200 right this formula we
use you put the values you get the
answers seventeen point four mm easy one
so only two gas here is you find the
volume of nitrogen convert into STP and
then use the thank you
visit exam fair com2
watch free educational videos try free
online deaths get the best quality study
materials study from the best tutors and
mentors and much more thanks again
chemistry basics part 48 is brought to
you by example calm no more fear from
exam let's understand way to estimate
nitrogen by dumas method actually this
is used to estimate the purity of milk
also because a protein is made of
nitrogen and we generally use this
method to find how much pure we'll guess
so this is one way damask method int
idea - method and another method also
this is a method to find or mind the
composition or estimating composition of
nitrogen so the nitrogen containing
organic a bond if there is a nitrogen
now in component when you heat with
copper oxide right in the presence of
carbon dioxide this gives you free
nitrogen like this is carbon monoxide
that so it gives you free nitrogen plus
carbon dies in water so what we do in
this case so in this case what we do we
use this kind of and this is how
nitrogen looks use this kind of
apparatus so what we do here is here you
see this this is the hole in the furnace
right and this one is my copper oxide
this is what is required here right and
here I add organic compound also and
from here I pass co2 this is required
right come carbon monoxide actually see
because oxygen is less here it becomes
come on side actually so this is
required I have my CEO Howe here and
also I have my organic compound here
alright this is firmness is very very
hot so with this what happened is here
this is a mercury C - D right and this
is my co h solution why this because
this will absorb carbon dioxide so in
this you you have what so here what you
get is carbon dioxide and nitrogen
correct so now you pass this guy here so
this guy all this running on carbon tax
is absorbed by this care solution and
what you get here is mind - genius
correct and this nitrogen gas will now
be used to remind the percentage of
nitrogen in the pollen come correct hope
you understand so you have an organic
compound
you are eating this very hard actually
in presence of cuo and co2 actually
right so you heat in the path of co and
co2 so what you get is carbon dioxide
gas and then water and nitrogen gas and
see you you here you have water also so
water will mix with qy chocolate Oh what
do you get here is nitrogen gas correct
and then we'll analyze the percentage of
nitrogen in the organic compound correct
as I go nitrogen is corrected in the
upper part of this cute so let's
understand the reaction so let's assume
the bass of organic compound is M gram
so this is my anger and let the volume
of nitrogen collected at room
temperature please notice everything is
happening at room temperature right room
temperature so let assume that the
volume of nitrogen collected at the room
temperature where even is my room
temperature and pressure is p1 let this
be leavin right so this is my nitrogen
where I have b1 is the nitrogen volume
at T 1 temperature and even pressure
correct so first I have to calculate the
volume of nitrogenous TV so you seen all
the reactions we do what we do is we
generally convert all the volumes in STV
we convert this voluminous TV correct
see now an example we had mass grams
right those things doesn't value doesn't
vary on temperature but volume re so we
have to first convert the volume to STP
so we will do that will convert this
volume to STP STP is what 273 Kelvin 716
with Russian correct and let's assume
that golem is V
this V is my STP volume please note my
the volume which you calculated was v1
and that was while at normal room
temperature pressure not talking about
STP body and that may be so if you use
the formula P 1 meter by t2 v2 is equal
to p2 all it is me P V by T V dot these
are all as TV so you put the values I
have people even teaming this P is
nothing but 273 to 73 V and this T is
what sorry
this P is 760 and this T is 273 this is
where p1 v1 even so if you equate this
you get be even as nothing but 273 p1 v1
t1 by 768 this is what you get you can
solve this you get the same thing
correct so I got the volume of nitrogen
at STP this is critical here correct
now I know that volume of nitrogen and
STP weighs this much gram this is what I
know if you convert the you see the
density of nitrogen then this is what
the relation we have right so at STP V
volume of nitrogen will be this much
gram like this is nothing but if you see
if you see you multiply V with this this
is what you get the volume right and so
percent with nitrogen is what this value
by M in 200 okay
so what I have done here first I found
the volume at normal temperature in
pressure
I got the volume at s TB and then I know
that 2 2 4 0 actually
I mean milliliter is 20 gram that's the
relation I think yeah right 2 to 4 0
centimeter cube of nitrogen at STP is 20
gram this is the experimental value and
thus you see V volume will be 28 into
into V by 2 for gram this is the in this
is weight right this is volume this is
mass this is what I got so I know that I
have got this much gram of nitrogen in
this particular compound you want to
find the person is very easy this much
gram of nitrogen divided by whole mass
200 so you'll get this is the percentage
of nitrogen correct there are some
advantage and disadvantage for the Dumas
method the advantages is easy to use and
it's automated very easy to use it's
very fast if you consider with the this
method the large method we'll discuss
this in the next few slide it is fast
right because this guy's take ours and
this happens only minutes it doesn't use
any toxic chemicals as catalyst we will
discuss that this in this method right
is it our method you use catalyst to
this toxic but there are some
disadvantage of you one method to the
initial cost is very high the whole
setup is very costly and since we take a
very small size sample that means this
is a high Sean that the small size
sample is not correct sample correct the
bigger example you take the better of
the experiment
let's take one numerical on this Dumas
method so it says that you know you was
method for estimation of nitrogen 0.3
gram of nitrogen give 50 ml of nitrogen
so I have my organic compound and
promise I got nitrogen in this first
point 3 gram and this gave me 50 ml at
300 Kelvin and 7 1 5 mm pressure and
where the need to find the composition
of nitrogen and we are told that equus
tension is 15 mm right so that means
excess tension is 15 mm so that means
this pressure is not that - pressure
right - that means I am talking about
705
- 15 in this 700 because this 7 and 5 I
am getting this includes the aqua
station correct so the actual pressure I
am talking about is 700 so let's find
the volume of nitrogen at-st be
delivered to all let's use the former P
One V one by T one is going to be two V
two by T two right so let let assume
that this is this is my STP so we will
be what P 2 that is this guy 700 right
into V 2 what is the volume 50 by T 2
what is the temperature 300 Kelvin into
this guy will become t1 t1 so what is
the t1 at STP it has to be my
temperature is 70 80 Kelvin and why T 1
it has to be your mind pressure is 760
mm so this is my volume up and nitrogen
and HCP very easy just use P One V one
by T visible to P to be divided into
inside you can take STP other side is a
room temperature so with that you get
the volume of nitrogen at st you solve
this you get comes out to be 41 point 9
ml please note this you to almost be
same to this this 50 this is 41 point 9
they should not very much because
normally when you change temperature and
pressure the volume varies but not that
much so it is for 41 point 9 mm correct
so the rightly can use the model of
position to the nitrogen on the world 28
by 2 2 4 4 0 into volume that is for 1.9
ml in in this is the mass of organic
compound in 200 right this formula we
use you put the values you get the
answers seventeen point four mm easy one
so only two gas here is you find the
volume of nitrogen convert into STP and
then use the thank you
visit exam fair com2
watch free educational videos try free
online deaths get the best quality study
materials study from the best tutors and
mentors and much more thanks again
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